Rajesh Varma
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AI trends in digital humanities research
No full textRecent advances in specialised equipment and computational methods had a significant impact in the Humanities and, particularly, cultural heritage and archaeology research. Nowadays, digital technology applications contribute in a daily basis to the recording, preservation, research and dissemination of cultural heritage. Digitisation is the defining practice that bridges science and technology with the Humanities, either in the tangible or in the intangible forms. The digital replicas support a wide range of studies and the opening of new horizons in the Humanities research. Furthermore, advances in artificial intelligence methods and their successful application in core technical domains opened up new possibilities to support Humanities research in particularly demanding and challenging tasks. This paper focuses on the forthcoming future of intelligent applications in archaeology and cultural heritage, by reviewing recent developments ranging from deep and reinforcement learning approaches to recommendation technologies in the extended reality domain. </p
New geographic distribution area of the specie Nototriche hartwegii A.W. Hill, 1909 (Malvaceae: Malvales) in the wetlands of Central Ecuador
No full textNototriche hartwegii A.W. Hill, 1909 (Malvaceae: Malvales), is recorded for the first time in the province of Bolívar, in the wetlands of the Andean plateau of the Chimborazo Fauna Production Reserve (RPFCH). With this record, the endemic and limited distribution of this species to the wetlands of southern Ecuador, between 4100 and 4400 m.a.s.l., specifically in the provinces of Cañar and Azuay, is extended to the moorlands of central Ecuador.</p
Potential assessment of renewable energy resources and their power plant capacities in Iran
No full textToday, most developed and developing countries utilize renewable energy to meet their needs. The use of renewable energy prevents environmental pollution. A concern of the governments is to deal with environmental pollution. Iran as a major oil-producing country has increasingly paid attention to non-fossil energy resources, in particular renewable energy sources for its longer-term energy plans. In this paper, the types of renewable energy used in electricity generation in Iran have been studied. Studies show that during the last 20 years, 1.5% of the amount of electricity produced in Iran is supplied by renewable energy. Iran also has a much greater potential for utilizing renewable energy. By 2020, Iran has a potential of 42000 MW use of renewable energies. However, the capacity of renewable power stations constructed in Iran is 800 MW. Different regions of Iran have high wind, solar and geothermal energy potential, which has not been used enough to meet electricity needs.</p
Knowledge Evolution: Inert sciences to living science
No full textModern mentality tends to minimize what is real to a physical world that is accessible to its senses, instruments, reasoning and equations, ignoring other states of reality that, clearly throughout humanity’s history have been known. Modern human believes that he is capable of dispensing all knowledge from what he has been taught in the past by starting over again, trusting only their point of view and their own new prejudices. His attention increasingly focusing outwards prevents him from looking inwards, towards the center of consciousness, of being, which is, however, the first data that has been imposed on us and the basis on which necessarily everything else rests. A physical analysis of a piece of music or a painting, however scientific it might be, does not annul the meaning- so deeper and on another type of level-shows that the reality of a work of art is much more than its physical components. This objective work creates communication bonds interconnecting classical and modern science, relating different areas of knowledge. Like the invisible presence of microorganisms that participate in the evolution of nature, we intend to give a new approach to recovering the empirical knowledge long way forgotten by modern science in order to strengthen the reality of the parts that do not precede the whole, but when are born acquire sense together with the whole. Their role as “parts” is only a role in the cognitive process, not in the generative process.</p
Implications for general practitioner of evolution of incidence rates of COVID-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated people as of December 2021 with the highest spike of infections of the entire pandemic
No full textFrom the extension of the COVID-19 vaccination in December 2020 to the end of the summer of 2021, cases of breakthrough Infection in vaccinated people were rare and their attack rate was low (0.01%-5.5%). Of course, in light of the increase in vaccination rates, breakthrough Infection in vaccinated people progressively could represent the majority of all COVID-19 cases. But at the end of December 2021, the world registered the highest number of COVID-19 infections in a week. Just a few months ago, the evolution that seemed reasonable was thought to be the elimination of the pandemic. But Delta, and Omicron after, arrived; and we weren’t expecting them. The latter clearly evades immunity against vaccine-based infection, and breakthrough infections are becoming more common. This situation causes certain effects at the community level and has implications for the general practitioner: 1. Availability of vaccines has brought about a change that, when they began to be applied, seemed much more promising than it is currently; 2. This context may increase denial regarding COVID-19 vaccines; 3. Vaccination has contributed to an appreciable reduction in the number of serious and critical clinical cases; 4. Attack rates in vaccinated will increase as the proportion of vaccinated increases; 5. The importance of booster doses when immunity falls; 6. Incidence rates at the community level and official diagnostic tests will no longer be important.</p
Prevalence of anxiety and depression among physiotherapy students of private institutes in Faisalabad
No full textObjective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and related variables of anxiety and depressive disorders among physical therapy students in Faisalabad's private institutes.Material and methodology: This is a cross-sectional study including medical students from the University of Faisalabad's Department of Physical Therapy. Using convenient sampling, 98 subjects were enrolled in the study after the ethics committee approved it. Questions about socio-demographic characteristics like gender, age, and parental education were included in the data collection tool. Descriptive results are represented in the form of Mean ± S.D. Chi-square test was applied for comparison of anxiety and depression with other variables. Checked significance at p-value 0.05.Results: Out of 98 participants, 63(64%) were male and 35(36%) were female. Out of 98 participants, 31(31.36%) were in age group pf 18-22 years, 39(39.79%) were in age group of 23-26 years and 28(27.57%) were in age group of 27-30 year. Average of age was 25.22 ± 2.19 years. Semester wise students included in the study out of 98 26.53% belonged to 2nd semester. 32.65% belonged to 4th semester and 40.85% belonged to 6th semester. After checking the association between variables and anxiety and depression significant difference were found between all variables with p-values less than 0.05.Conclusion: The study discovered high discomfort among physical therapy students. Furthermore, no significant gender variations in the incidence of anxiety and depression were found. Anxiety and depression have a significant societal and individual cost, including failure in clinical and written exams, medical dropouts, professionalism and personality development.</p
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among persons with hepatitis D virus and diabetes mellitus in Pakistan, 2019-2021
No full textIntroduction: The HBV virus has its enveloped protein that surrounds nucleic acid for its protection. Hepatitis B DNA virus belongs to the Hepadnoviridae family and is similar to retroviruses. Globally, HBV infected people approximately 2 billion in the world, about 350 million people were chronic carriers. One million deaths are caused by the HBV virus every year. Each year, 400,000 new cases were reported in Latin America. Among all over the World, Pakistan was considered as one of the largest chronic viral hepatitis infection countries.Methodology: 975 samples were recoded from different districts of south Punjab. The sera of the patient’s sample were examined to analyze the LFTs, HBS serology, HBS ELIZA, anti-HBeAg, AFP, anti- HDV, HBC IgM, and HBV DNA EAL TIME PCR. An anticoagulant sample was used to analyze their prothrombin time, HB level, WBC count, PLT counts, and HBA1C. Data were analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS version 14.0. Results: 975 samples were collected from the Multan district of Punjab. Out of which 638(65.43%) patients were detected positive for HBsAg serology, 312(32.84%) were not detected. The HBA1C test values are higher in HBV patients and its normal value is below 6.4%. In 1st group 258 patients out of 638 are HBV PCR DETECTED, bilirubin 2.1+-5.7, ALP 425.1±575.1, AST 119.6±102.6, ALT 62.0±41.6, and albumin 3.5±0.9. in the 2nd group, 149 patients out of 638 are HBV PCR detected, bilirubin 1.4±1.9, ALP 488.1±339.2, AST 143.0±117.4, ALT 78.1±53.4, and albumin 4.4±0.6.Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV in diabetic patients is higher as compared to control diabetic patients. the patients with high serum AFP levels tend to be HBs-Ag-positive, and those who have low AFP levels are associated with cryptogenic cirrhosis. The positive HBc IgM is higher in anti-HDV-negative cases as compared to HDV-positive cases. The value of HBV DNA was higher in anti-HDV-negative cases. The HBsAg correlates with HBV DNA level and it’s a level higher in the IT phase and lowers in the IC phase.</p
East-Central Europe-World’s Coronavirus Death Center
No full textA review of the Countries with the highest coronavirus death rates in the world was made on February 11, 2022. The world’s average death rate that day was 746. It was not surprising to see the countries with the largest number of deaths having death rates 300- 400% of the world’s average. What was alarming was that the ten countries with the world’s highest death rates had death rates 400-800% of the world’s average and most of them were located in East-Central Europe. This paper focuses on understanding the implications of this.</p
Proposing a sustainable strategy for the fabrication of robust anti-soiling coatings with enhanced antibacterial attributes for non-absorbent substrates
No full textIn this paper, we propose a convenient methodology for fabricating a generic structure toward developing a robust, easy-to-clean transparent coating with inherent antibacterial properties for smooth, non-absorbent surfaces, such as glass and plastics. A two-step coating comprising an organopolysilazane primer and an alkoxysilane topcoat, based on positively charged quaternary ammonium silanes, is proposed. The topcoat is co-condensed with the primer to provide a hybrid structure with high wear strength even on surfaces that lack surface hydroxyl groups. Surfaces examined included glass and PMMA. The coated samples were studied in terms of abrasion resistance as well as anti-soiling and antimicrobial performance. It was found that the quaternary silane compound could covalently graft onto the primer acting both as an antibacterial, anti fungicidal, and hydrophobizing agent. The utility of amphoteric surfactants within the coating’s solution was also examined. The resulting structure was transparent and exhibited pronounced self-disinfecting properties with remarkable sustainability. These attributes suggested a dual functionality of the coating, i.e., both anti-soiling and antimicrobial, thus rendering it a potential candidate for numerous industrial and commercial applications.</p
The Effect of Tai Chi on quality of life in seniors
No full textObjective: This study investigates the effect of Tai Chi exercise on the quality of life of seniors from a demographic perspective. Methods: The SF-36 Quality of Life Scale questionnaire was administered to 224 seniors in Wuhan, divided into an experimental group (n = 134, seniors who had participated in Tai Chi exercise for three years or more) and a control group (n = 90, seniors who had not received Tai Chi exercise). An independent samples t-test, one-way Analysis of Variance ANOVA, and dummy regression analysis are conducted using multivariate statistics. Results: (1) The quality of life scores for seniors who participated in Tai Chi exercise were significantly different from those who did not (p < 0.01), mainly in the dimensions of Physical Functioning , Social Functioning , General Health , Vitality, and Health Transition; (2) The quality of life scores of the Tai Chi exercise group differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the genders, with women being higher than men, but not between the age groups, residence patterns and pre-retirement occupations (p > 0.05); (3) Highly significant differences in quality of life scores between the 61-90 minutes Tai Chi group and the <60 minutes and >90 minutes Tai Chi groups (F = 5.43, p < 0.01); (4) There was a highly significant difference in quality of life scores between the Tai Chi group exercising 5-6 times a week or every day and the Tai Chi group exercising less than 4 times a week (F = 5.28, p < 0.01), but not between the group exercising 5-6 times a week Tai Chi and the group exercising every day Tai Chi (t = -1.403, p > 0.05). Conclusion: Practicing Tai Chi Chuan can improve the quality of life of seniors, but the effect is influenced by gender and the length and frequency of exercise.</p