Rajesh Varma
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No full textAlpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (DAAT) is a genetic disorder that manifests as pulmonary emphysema, liver cirrhosis, and, rarely, as the skin disease panniculitis [1], but other rare skin manifestations had been described previously in literature [2]. Despite being one of the most frequent genetic diseases, professionals need high clinical suspicion for its diagnosis.</p
Study of adverse events following 2018 sub-national yellow fever vaccination in Ghana
No full textBackground: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), globally there is an estimated 200,000 cases of Yellow Fever Virus yearly, causing 30,000 deaths annually, with 90% of cases occurring in Africa. Where about 20% to 50% of people who get infected and develop severe symptoms from the yellow fever virus die. WHO report showed that Ghana was among 27 African countries with a high risk of yellow fever outbreak at any time. In response, there was a need to amplify the immunization campaign against yellow fever. Ghana in collaboration with WHO, GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance, and UNICEF began a sub-national campaign to vaccinate approximately 5.3 million people against yellow fever targeting people between ages 10 and 60 years from November 28 to December 4, 2018. 459 Adverse Events Following the Immunization (AEFI) in Ghana were reported from 28th November 2018 to 1st January 2019. The yellow fever vaccine is regarded as one of the safest, but with few adverse events. Therefore, there is a need to assess the severity of the reported adverse events following immunization in the 2018 sub-national yellow fever immunization program in Ghana.Objective: To study the Seriousness of adverse events following yellow fever vaccination in Ghana.Methodology: A retrospective review of AEFI data through a surveillance system during a Yellow Fever vaccination campaign in Ghana. The data comprised suspected 459 adverse events following the immunization (AEFI). The reported AEFI from 28th November 2018 to 1st January 2019 was used for this study as secondary data. A total of 5.3 million people were vaccinated. All vaccine recipients were between the ages of 10 years to 60 years. Data were analyzed using frequencies and descriptive statistics in STATA version 15.Findings and discussions: The study showed 459 (0.00086%) per 5.3 million recipients reported adverse events. The AEFI occurred mostly among females and persons aged 30-39 years. Out of the 459 recipients with adverse events, 432 (99.3%) recovered, and 3 (0.7%) died. The most common adverse event per region, sex, and age group is fever. The study also revealed AEFIs may have contributed to the death of 3 (0.000056%) per 5.3 million recipients. However, a causality assessment done by the Vaccine Safety Review Committee of independent experts showed no causality between the reported AEFI (deaths) and the YF vaccination. This indicates that the benefits of the vaccination outweigh the risk of adverse events or fatalities.Conclusion: In conclusion, it was found that the benefits of the Yellow Fever Vaccination (YFV 17D) outweigh the risk of adverse events or fatalities. Reported Adverse Events following the 2018 sub-national yellow fever vaccination per 5.3 million recipients were 459 representing 0.0086%. There was no causality between reported deaths 3 (0.000056%) and the YF immunization. The adverse events that follow yellow fever immunization are not strong and suggest that most of the respondents do not have serious repercussions after the vaccination. Therefore, YF vaccination has saved millions of people from potential vaccine-preventable deaths in Ghana and beyond its borders and did not cause more harm than health benefits.</p
Peculiarities of spinal epidural abscess in COVID-19 patients: a literature review
No full textDuring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, some authors described an increased incidence of primary Spinal Epidural Abscess (SEA) in COVID-19 patients with clinical and radiological peculiarities. Early recognition of this disease remains challenging, resulting in delayed diagnosis and significant morbidity and mortality. The authors performed a systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus about the traditional form of SEA comparing the main features related to COVID-19 SEA. The search was performed from 1990 to 2020. Magnetic Resonance Imaging with contrast is mandatory to recognize this kind of lesion in order to obtain a differential diagnosis. COVID-19 SEAs are generally active abscesses, with a large cystic component. Gadolinium-enhanced MR images can aid in the definition of the age and consistency of the abscess. A rim of tissue that enhances after the injection of gadolinium represents granulation tissue; liquid pus is associated with an area of low signal intensity on T1-weighted images.This new type of SEA in COVID-19 patients showed several differences also in clinical features. No evidence of an external infective source was found (spondylodiscitis, surgery, or percutaneous treatment). None of the patients was a drug abuser and MSSA was the only responsible pathogen. The cervicothoracic spine was the most involved site. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.</p
Concretes on a composite gypsum binder using limestone stone crushing waste
No full textThe article discusses the possibility of obtaining Composite Gypsum Binders (CGB) and heavy concretes based on them using local raw materials from Palestine. As an active mineral additive in the composition of the composite gypsum binder, it is proposed to use finely dispersed quartz sand with a specific surface area of 500 m2/kg, on the surface of which, during grinding, a disturbed microlayer is formed containing a limited amount of amorphous SiO2, which is capable of binding Ca(OH)2 at ordinary temperatures with the formation of insoluble compounds, that is, it has pozzolanic activity, and as a result provides a significant increase in the strength of composites, increases their water resistance. Based on the developed composite gypsum binder with sufficiently high strength (24.8 MPa) and water resistance (K = 0.73), heavy concretes were obtained with a class of compressive strength B7.5 - B15, for use in residential, public, and industrial buildings in the form of load-bearing, self-supporting and enclosing structures.</p
Overview of research on adhesion reduction and desorption technology of soil-contact construction equipment
No full textEarthmoving machinery is prone to adhesion problems when working against soil media, resulting in a decline in construction efficiency and quality. This paper summarizes the development of soil adhesion mechanisms, describes the research progress of experts and scholars in various countries in the field of adhesion and desorption, and prospects the research on adhesion and desorption of soil contacting components of construction machinery.</p
The human gut fungiome: Role in physiology and detoxification
No full textThe intestinal microbiota is an ecosystem where bacteria, archaea, viruses, and protists, are entangled, but not alone. We take microbiota as the bacterial community because, in many historical papers, the probes to detect other organisms in the intestine were rarely used. But in addition, unicellular fungi or yeasts do exist in microbiota, their assembly is called the mycome or fungiome, and it can reach the size and number of our human cells. The bacteria are far more numerous. For a long time, the whole was taken for a nest of pathogens, but in fact, yeasts adapted and evolved as symbiotic cells helping not only our digestion, but also angiogenesis, tissue growth, vitamin synthesis, and our nervous, endocrine, immune systems and even our detoxification system. Much of what we swallow is or will become fermented, like bread, cheese, or wine. Since the beginning of agriculture, our food is eaten lightly by microbiota including yeasts first in plants not treated by pesticides. Natural yeasts still unknown are in hundreds of types or species at the very least, bringing in particular during their work of fermentation a multiplicity of aromas that play a role in the famous detoxification; but the usual diet only provides a few strains of these yeasts. In yeasts like in all cells, ubiquitous cytochrome P450 detoxifying enzymes form a vast family also involved in cell respiration, which is stimulated to some extent by the aromas and other signals secreted. Yeasts could attract and coordinate bacteria to eliminate in part chemical pollutants.</p
Effects of a nutraceutical combining green tea extract, vitamin C, D, and zinc in patients with post-COVID conditions
No full textTea and ascorbic acid have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and vitamin D and zinc have immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the effect of a nutraceutical prescription combining these four nutrients on the blood biochemical markers and the modified C19-YRS questionnaires in patients who had recovered from COVID-19 disease for four months. Analysis of six markers associated with long COVID symptoms, i.e., INR, d-dimer, hs-CRP, NT-ProBNP, IL-6 and IgA, indicated that the nutraceutical could positively affect the values, especially for the inflammatory markers. The physician’s clinical observation and questionnaire analysis reported significant improvements in post-exertional malaise, sleep quality and overall health of the patients. These results suggested that formulated nutraceutical could not only reduces or eliminates the symptom of long COVID, but potentially also prevents reinfection.</p
The Effects of interaction of leadership and followership based on followers’ perceptions: Relationships among leader-member exchange, organizational citizenship behavior, work engagement, and job performance
No full textThe success of an organization cannot depend solely on leaders or followers. In past research, more attention has been paid to leaders. However, the success of an organization may depend more on followers; and even a harmonious relationship between leaders and followers. This study aims to focus on the Interaction of Leadership and Followership (ILF) perceived by different types of followers; the behavioral patterns generated by such interaction; and the impact of their interpersonal interaction on organizational citizenship behavior, work engagement, and job performance. Furthermore, the mediating effect of Leader-Member exchange (LMX) on the relationship among ILF, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Job Performance (JP); ILF, Work Engagement (WEng) and job performance. There were four styles of followership matched with four styles of leadership, and 16 groups of leadership and followership style interaction combinations were obtained in this study. The study found the interaction of different leadership and followership had positive, negative, and non-impact on OCB, WEng and JP. Future research can examine the interactions between more different types of leadership and followership characteristics to understand their impact on different working variables, Sand to better understand the impact of the interaction between leaders and followers.</p
Kleefstra syndrome and sleep disorders: An Italian case report
No full textKleefstra Syndrome (KS)is a rare genetic syndrome affecting approximately 1 in 200,000 individuals and is caused by either a deletion of the subtelomeric region of chromosome 9q (50%) or by a loss of function mutation in the Euchromatin Histone Methyl Transferase 1 (EHMT1) gene (50%). In this case report we analyze the case of an 8-year-old boy affected by KS from the parent’s point of view. The focus of the report is the detailed narrative analysis of the parent’s experience written directly by the mother and the complex intervention to reduce a severe sleep disturbance associated with the syndrome. A clinical assessment was carried out, focused on understanding the extent and frequency of the awakenings with a specific assessment questionnaire.The association of therapy with melatonine and trazodone was highly decisive and improved the well-being of the child and the family. The Author is carrying out further studies for the drafting of guidelines for sleep disorders in KS.</p
A Multidisciplinary approach to innovations in biomedical engineering for improved patient care and well-being
No full textBiomedical engineering has experienced significant growth by combining engineering principles with biomedical sciences. This multidisciplinary approach has led to the development of innovative medical equipment, improved medical imaging techniques, advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, as well as the integration of data analysis and medical informatics. These developments have the potential to enhance patient care, improve quality of life, and address healthcare challenges. Ongoing interdisciplinary cooperation and the application of scientific discoveries will continue to shape the field of biomedical engineering.</p