Rajesh Varma
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A dashboard proposal for pre-scheduling elective orthopedic surgeries in Brazil
No full textThe procedure for receiving materials from the CME - Material and Sterilization Center, begins after the surgery is released by the agreement together with the approval of the supplier, once this is approved, the delivery of the materials to be used in the hospital will commence. This delivery may take place hours or even a day before the scheduled date since the materials need to be washed and sterilized, and in some cases, there is a lack of a certain instrument that may cancel or even postpone the surgery that is only identified when the articles are opened while in the operating room and even with the patient undergoing anesthetic induction, bringing inconvenience to the patient, the medical team and the hospital. In this article we will be proposing the construction of a Dashboard to help reduce the errors or problems encountered during the scheduling of surgeries to be performed in Hospitals in Brazil, we are only dealing with Elective surgeries, those schedules that depend on third-party materials for their performance.</p
Cluster and principal component analysis of maize inbred lines in low moisture stress areas in Ethiopia
No full textThis study used to cluster and principal component analysis to assess the agronomic and physiological variability of 40 maize inbred lines under low moisture stress conditions in Ethiopia. The study was conducted at Melkassa locations during the 2017 main season. The analysis of variance showed the mean square due to genotype was highly significant (p < 0.01) for all traits which indicates the existence of sufficient genetic variability and potential for selection and improvement on the characters. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct groups of inbred lines, The members of clusters 1 and 4 may be combined in future breeding programs to obtain genotypes/hybrids that can perform well under drought stress conditions. The inter-cluster D2 values varied from 48.65 to 4407 indicating the high range of diversity present among the genotypes. while principal component analysis showed the first six PCs having Eigen value >1 explaining principal components that accounted for 77.7% of the total variation among the inbred lines. The first three principal components PC1, PC2, and PC3 with values of 25.25%, 18.03, and 11.7% respectively more contributed. Grain yield, plant height, ear height, and the number of leaves per plant were the most important traits influencing the variability among the inbred lines. </p
Genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for quantitative traits of sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes at Fedis, Eastern Ethiopia
No full textSorghum is the second most important food crop after teff in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variations, heritability, and expected genetic advances in the selected sorghum genotypes. Sixty-four sorghum genotypes were evaluated for 17 quantitative traits in 8x8 simple lattice designs at the Boko research site. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits. The Phenotypic Coefficient Of Variation (PCV) ranged from 4.74% for days to flowering to 24.74% for panicle width, while Genotypic Coefficients Of Variation (GCV) ranged from 3.58% for leaf length to 20.33 % for panicle width. The highest PCV and GCV values were recorded for panicle width, head weight, and harvest index. Moderate PCV and GCV were recorded for grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, panicle length, and grain yield; indicating the effectiveness of selection based on the phenotypic performance of the genotypes. Broad sense heritability (H2) ranged from 24.74 % for biomass yield to 96.6% for head weight, whereas GAM ranged from 4.8% for biomass yield to 41.95% for panicle width. High H2 coupled with high GAM was observed for grain filling rate, panicle length, panicle width, head weight, grain yield, and harvest index; indicating that these characters are controlled by additive gene action and phenotypic selection for these characters will be effective. However, the information generated in the current study it can be useful for breeders who want to improve yield and yield contributing traits of sorghum.</p
Assessment on liver function biomarkers in HIV positive pregnant and Non-pregnant women on Antiretroviral therapy in Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textBackground: The use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has greatly improved the health and lifespan of people living with HIV, however, hepatic dysfunction has been associated with HIV. This study investigated the liver function biomarkers of women living with HIV and who are on ART. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on HIV-positive pregnant women and HIV-positive non-pregnant women in Rivers State, Nigeria. A total of 330 women between 15-60 years participated in this study. HIV-negative pregnant and non-pregnant women served as a control to the test subjects. Sociodemographic data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for biochemical assay of the liver function biomarkers. The subjects were on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Efavirenz (TLE) antiretroviral therapy. Data were analyzed statistically on IBM SPSS Version 25 using student’s t - test, ANOVA and compared using the Post hoc test.Results: The results obtained showed a significant increase at p ≤ 0.05 in the ALP, ALT and AST levels of both HIV-positive pregnant and non-pregnant women when compared to the control group. The serum TP level of HIV-positive pregnant women decreased in comparison to the control group. However, the decrease was not statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. A statistically significant increase in the total protein level was observed in the HIV-positive non-pregnant women when compared to the control group. The albumin level in HIV-positive pregnant women had a statistically insignificant increase in comparison to the control group. HIV-positive non-pregnant women had a decreased level of Albumin at p ≤ 0.05 in comparison to the control group.Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that the HIV-positive pregnant and non-pregnant women on ART are prone to adverse alterations in their liver function biomarkers in comparison to the control groups, hence they are vulnerable to liver dysfunction. Thus proper care and regular investigations should be carried out on HIV-positive women on ART.</p
A case of acute transverse myelitis following the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
No full textA 79-year-old man presented with gait dyspraxia approximately 2 days after receiving the first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (AZ-COVID-19-vax). He had no previous active issues and was currently on no medications. Physical examination revealed a 4/5 pyramidal weakness of lower limb musculature with loss of sensation up to the inguinal ligament. </p
Iatrogenic Venous Air Embolism (VAE) in a patient secondary to contrast injection; a rare case
No full textVenous Air Embolism (VAE) can occur in patients while injecting contrast material, we have reported a case of a 26 yrs old patient who came with the complaint of abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever with no known Co-morbid. CT whole abdomen with contrast was performed and the patient was injected with contrast, which resulted in an air embolism. On administration of contrast, air is seen in the hepatic vein which was not seen on plain and delayed images. 93 ml of contrast material was intravenously injected by hand and followed by a drip infusion of 100 ml of contrast material.</p
Review on consequences of COVID-19 outbreak on the poultry sector
No full textPoultry production, health, and immunity are some of the factors that can encounter upcoming poultry sector growth. Consumer confidence, quality of product and safety and type of product, and the diseases, which are emerging and re-emerging will be continuing to be the main challenges to the present situations and the industry’s strategic future. Zoonotic and foodborne infections and diseases are firmly associated with the poultry industry. Elimination, control of zoonotic diseases, eradication, and foodborne pathogens present a key challenge to the industry of poultry. Furthermore, the hazards to public health by consuming food with higher residues of antibiotics will stay a life-threatening concern. Poultry production theory explained here in a short review not only be restricted to overlook control of the disease. Somewhat, this will also include the interconnection of animal immunity, health, and welfare. It is important to keep in view that chicken is not prone to intra-nasal infections by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogen. However, the pandemic of COVID-19 will be affecting the consumption of poultry, transportation, and the economy of poultry farming. This will also draw attention to its, social dimension, economy, ethics, and the sustenance of the achievement of the highest ecological safety. This review aims to explore these main tasks in detail, ensuring the industry’s sustainable growth and ecological safety. Chain partners need to be more involved in present and future planning to fulfill human demand.</p
Response of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) to NPS and Nitrogen (N) under limed conditions of acid soils at highland of Guji, Southern Ethiopia
No full textBarley is one of the major crops produced in Ethiopia in general and in specific in the study area. Even though it is such an important and major crop in the study area, its yield is very low due to many production constraints which include a lack of improved varieties, poor agronomic practice, Soil acidity problems, diseases, weeds, and low soil fertility in many parts of Ethiopia including Guji zone. The activity was conducted during the 2019-2021 main cropping season at Bore with the objective of determining the effect of NPS and N fertilizer rates on yield components and yield of Food Barley under limed conditions of acidic soil for highlands. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications using the HB1307 Food Barley variety as a test crop. Four levels of NPS (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) and four levels of N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg ha-1) was used for these treatments which make a total of 16 treatment under limed and unlimed conditions. Analysis of the results revealed that all parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the interaction of the factors (NPS, N, and liming) as well as the main effects except date to 50% heading and days to maturity which did not significantly (p < 0.05) affected. The highest grain yield (3862 kg/ha) was obtained from the combination of 100 kg/ha NPS and 23 kg/ha. Therefore, the use of 100 kg ha-1 NPS and 23 kg ha-1 N is recommended for food barley production in the study area and other areas with similar agroecologies.</p
Negative effects of acid rains on agricultural areas
No full textDue to the atmospheric pollution loads that started with the industrial revolution and have increased exponentially in the process that has come to the present day, the natural components of the atmosphere have been damaged and changed. One of the negative return points of this human-made degradation in the natural order is acid rain. Acid rains harm people directly and/or indirectly. One of the indirect effects is the negative effects on the food chain. Acid rains affect agricultural products, however, they affect the products from the soil. As a result, agricultural fields and agricultural products are damaged. The decreasing resources (water, etc.) with global warming and climate change also increase the negative impact on agricultural products. In this study, the negative effects of acid rain on agricultural areas were investigated and it was aimed to put forward the measures to reduce these negative effects.</p
Review on the role of women along the aquaculture value chain in Kenya
No full textAquaculture is perceived as masculine work in most regions despite several years of women’s involvement in the sector. Women participate in almost all activities of the aquaculture value chain such as pond construction, sorting of seeds, fertilization of ponds, making and mending of fishing gears, fish harvesting, processing, value addition, transport, and marketing. The majority of women engage in aquaculture to earn income and food for the household. Women’s involvement in aquaculture has led to the creation of more job opportunities thus increasing income generation for rural women. Nevertheless, women face several challenges in aquaculture with the most critical one being limited access to income despite their heavy involvement. They also lack limited access to certified seed, high cost of feeds, and collaterals to access credit. The promotion of aquaculture, gender equity, and empowerment of women and youths has been promoted through various initiatives including Sustainable Development Goals and Blue Economy. However, gender discrepancies are still high despite both gender playing fundamental roles in aquaculture development. Therefore, there is a need to promote gender equity as it will lead to recognition of their full potential towards increasing production, productivity, processing, trade, and economic growth.</p