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Further Study of Some Iterative Methods for the Matrix Pth Root
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics, University of Regina. viii, 76 p.In this thesis, we solve some problems arising in the study of some iterative methods
for finding the principal pth root of a matrix. Our main interest is in Newton's
method, Halley's method and Chebyshev's method. We also study Schroder's method
(which includes Newton's method and Chebyshev's method as special cases). The
study of these methods for the matrix case can be reduced to the study in the scalar
case. Some theoretical properties of the iterative methods can be obtained by examining
the Taylor series expansion of the iterates. It has been observed by Guo that the
Taylor coefficients have a favorable sign pattern for Newton's method and Halley's
method, and that some nice theoretical results can be proved after the conjectured
sign pattern is confirmed. In this thesis, we are going to prove this conjecture raised
by Guo. The key idea of the proof is to establish a monotonicity property for the
coefficients as the iteration progresses. Using this idea, we prove the sign pattern of
Newton's method and Halley's method without too much difficulty. We then move on
to prove a similar sign pattern for Schroder's method. The proof is much more complicated,
but the basic strategy remains the same. After we have confirmed the sign
pattern of Taylor coefficients for Newton's method, Halley's method and Schroder's
method, we present some related results for the matrix case. In this thesis, we also establish
a convergence region for Newton's method that is much larger than previously
available ones.Studentye
Active eavesdroppers detection system in multi-hop wireless sensor networks
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science in Electronic Systems Engineering, University of Regina. xii, 85 p.Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to eavesdropping attacks that endanger their privacy, confidentiality, and authenticity. As the broadcast nature of the wireless channel makes it susceptible to eavesdropping by adversaries, the detection of eavesdroppers in wireless networks can lessen the chances of more damaging attacks. Historically, researchers have attempted to reduce the risk of covert eavesdropping through the use of cryptographic protocols, information-theoretic solutions, and transmission range control. These methods are not suitable for WSNs with resource constraints. It is noteworthy that active eavesdroppers are legitimate nodes that are compromised by adversaries to eavesdrop on traffic while performing their normal responsibilities in ad-hoc networks. Detecting such malicious nodes slows the ongoing destructive attacks.
In this thesis, we present a novel Active Eavesdroppers Detection (AED) system for homogeneous multi-hop WSNs. The AED system consists of two major modules: a Monitoring module and a Detection Engine module. The Monitoring module plays a vital role in the AED system to provide accurate measurements for the Detection Engine module. The Detection Engine module is provided with a lightweight detection engine module that employs the Z-test method and runs on edge devices.
Regarding measurements, we first use intra-node delay measurements as the input feature of the AED system. To measure intra-node delays of nodes, the Monitoring module employs an out-of-band monitoring system using static nodes, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or both of them. According to simulation results in the Cooja and MATLAB environments, the AED system can detect active eavesdroppers who relay packets to their neighbors. However, it fails to detect active eavesdroppers who do not forward packets for any reason, like placement at the network’s border.
To solve this problem, we propose to use Round Trip Time (RTT) as a measurement for the AED system. The monitoring module requests nodes for responses, and the AED’s detection engine can detect active eavesdroppers in WSNs based on the response delay. We focus on three potential monitoring systems for this measurement: static monitoring nodes, UAV-based monitoring, and neighborhood monitoring. To find the optimal places for static monitoring nodes, we utilize a Genetic Algorithm(GA), and to find the path of flight for UAVs for measuring RTT, we use Hamiltonian path planning. The simulation results indicate that the RTT-based AED system can detect active eavesdroppers regardless of their locations, with a high detection rate (≥ 90%) and a low false-positive rate (≤ 5%) and outstanding performance (AUC ≈ 0.97). In addition, we analyze and discuss the network overhead, advantages, and disadvantages of the in-band neighborhood monitoring system.Studentye
Breastfeeding Experiences and Recommendations of Immigrant Mothers in Saskatchewan
No full textImmigrant mothers often lack adequate social support and access to health care services with breastfeeding supports that are affordable, accessible, need-based and culturally/gender-sensitive. This video presents breastfeeding challenges and recommendations of immigrant mothers in Saskatchewan, Canada on ways to promote, protect and support their breastfeeding practices.Facultyye
Exploring the use of astronomical seasons in municipal solid waste disposal rates modeling
No full textThis study quantifies seasonal variations of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal rates in a mid-sized Canadian city with respect to both meteorological and astronomical seasons using RNN – LSTM models with a single LSTM layer and 128 units. Meteorological seasons are related to the annual temperature cycle, whereas the astronomical seasons are based on the position of Earth in relation to the Sun. It is hypothesized that the number of hours of natural daylight could also affect MSW generation rates. The use of both meteorological and astronomical seasons in waste modeling is original. During the study period, considerably higher rates in summer (417.8-418.2 tonne/day) than in winter (289.0-290.0 tonne/day) were observed. Waste disposal behaviors in winter are however more consistent, with standard deviations about 138.5-139.8 tonnes/day. The astronomical models appear to better handle extreme situations in the winter and summer. The results indicate that the astronomical models may be more appropriate in some cases. Overall, the predictive accuracy of all models are acceptable, with R2 ranging from 0.70 to 0.86. In general, meteorological models outperformed astronomical models slightly, with RMSE ranged from 72-95 tonne/day. The RMSE of the winter sets are lower, probably due to the lower disposal rates in winter. The results generally support the use of astronomical data to supplement meteorological data in waste seasonal variation studies.The research reported in this paper was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2019-06154) to the corresponding author, using computing equipment funded by FEROF at the University of Regina.This is the accepted version of the original article available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104115 © 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Accepted article is CC BY-NC-ND
From Pictures to the People in Them: Averaging Within-Person Variability Leads to Face Familiarization
No full textFamiliar faces can be confidently recognized despite sometimes radical changes in their appearance. Exposure to within-person variability—differences in facial characteristics over successive encounters—contributes to face familiarization. Research also suggests that viewers create mental averages of the different views of faces they encounter while learning them. Averaging over within-person variability is thus a promising mechanism for face familiarization. In Experiment 1, 153 Canadian undergraduates (88 female; age: M = 21 years, SD = 5.24) learned six target identities from eight different photos of each target interspersed among 32 distractor identities. Face-matching accuracy improved similarly irrespective of awareness of the target’s identity, confirming that target faces presented among distractors can be learned incidentally. In Experiment 2, 170 Canadian undergraduates (125 female; age: M = 22.6 years, SD = 6.02) were tested using a novel indirect measure of learning. The results show that viewers update a mental average of a person’s face as it becomes learned. Our findings are the first to show how averaging within-person variability over time leads to face familiarization.Facultyye
Les Défis Auxquels Les Mères-Enseignantes De L’immersion Française En Milieu Langagier Minoritaire Canadien Font Face
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Education in Curriculum and Instruction, University of Regina. xi, 124 p.Ce mémoire vise à découvrir les enjeux majeurs auxquels les mères-enseignantes de l’immersion française en milieu langagier minoritaire canadien font face. Ce projet de recherche est encadré par une méthodologie féministe, triangulée, narrative et constructiviste. En outre, l’échantillon consiste de quatre participantes. Elles sont mères de jeunes enfants ainsi que enseignantes de l’immersion française dans une province canadienne principalement anglophone, la Saskatchewan. Le questionnaire, l’entrevue et la photographie sont les moyens utilisés afin d’encadrer la collecte de données. Ainsi, ce projet de recherche aborde une variété de thèmes sociologiques et pédagogiques tels que l’épuisement professionnel et parental, la santé mentale et l’équilibre entre la vie professionnelle et personnelle. Finalement, ce mémoire propose des recommandations quant aux défis variés identifiés dans la recherche.Studentye
The state of doctoral social work education in Canada
No full textThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Social Work Education: The International Journal on 30 Jun 2022, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2022.2096214Doctoral education in social work is critical in nurturing the stewards of the discipline. Universities across Canada, and elsewhere, are increasing admissions for bachelor and master of social work programs. Consequently, doctoral social work programs are expanding to educate and train new social work faculty. Extant literature on doctoral social work education is predominantly American. There are fourteen Canadian doctoral social work programs, yet no study has observed the state of these programs. Using two data sources, this article provides a snapshot of PhD social work student experiences in 2019-2020. The analysis of all doctoral social work students (n=157) from the 2019 Canadian Graduate and Professional Student Survey (CGPSS) found that: a) the overall quality of social work PhD programs in Canada was rated by students as moderate; and b) financial obstacles may be an undue barrier to academic success. Furthermore, the analysis of an online survey of Canadian social work PhD students (n=69) regarding their experience applying for doctoral fellowships and scholarships found that workshops significantly facilitated scholarship success, and that other institutional preparation activities were identified as valuable. These findings illuminate the current state of doctoral social work education in Canada with implications for research and education.Facultyye
Indigenous Women and Girls Torn from Our Midst, 2nd Edition
No full textLaying our Canadian stories alongside the global phenomenon of femicide in other colonized countries such as Mexico and Guatemala, this book underscores the common, interlocking effects of racism and sexism on Indigenous women. Family members, scholars and researchers, artists, activists and policy-makers provide their decade-long perspectives, providing testimony and evidence that sexualized and racialized violence is not only a product of historic colonization but continues to manifest in entrenched systems of colonization and global femicide. The analysis and the heart of all the authors is generously shared, exemplifying what resistance looks like.Facultyn
Sedimentology and Biostratigraphy of the Chorgali Formation, Potwar and Hazara Sub-Basins, Upper Indus Basin of Pakistan: Implications for the Closing Stage of the Eastern Neo-Tethys Ocean
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geology, University of Regina. ix, 120 p.The Chorgali Formation is a hydrocarbon-producing lithostratigraphic unit that occurs
in different sub-basins of the Indus Basin in northern Pakistan, such as Potwar and Hazara sub-
basins. The formation is part of a very thick carbonate succession deposited in the eastern Neo-
Tethys Ocean shelf. It conformably overlies on early Eocene Sakesar Formation in southern Potwar
sub-basin and lies on Margala Hill Limestone in the northern Potwar sub-basin and Hazara sub-basin.
The Chorgali Formation is either covered by Miocene continental deposits of Murree Formation
(Himalayan molasse deposits) or middle Eocene mixed clastic-carbonate succession of marine to
continental beds of the Kuldana Formation. This study addresses the Chorgali Formation of the
Potwar and Hazara sub-basins.
This study intends to explore the spatial and temporal evolution of the Chorgali
Formation as preserved in the Hazara and Potwar sub-basins and analyze it within the regional
tectono-eustatic context. Six sections in the Potwar sub-basin and two sections in the Hazara
sub-basin were studied; they give an average thickness of 32.5 m for the formation.
Field observations and petrographic analyses of the studied sections allowed the
recognition of nine lithofacies units (LF1-LF9) for the Chorgali Formation. These lithofacies
include Calcareous Sandstone (LF1), Intraclastic Dolomitic Packstone (LF2), Algal-miliolid Mudstone
(LF3), Coralline Algae Mudstone (LF4), Assilina-Nummulites Floatstone (LF5), Mixed
Benthic-Planktonic Foraminifera Wackestone (LF6), Benthic Foraminifera Rudstone (LF7), Shale
Lithofacies (LF8), and Planktonic Mudstone (LF9). The sedimentary features and fossil associations
of the formation suggest that deposition of the formation took place in a homoclinal carbonate ramp
characterized by low to moderate energy hydrodynamic conditions. The LF1 to LF5 association
represents inner ramp, whereas the LF6 to LF9 association represents mid-ramp
accumulations.
Biostratigraphically important Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF) in the formation
include, Assilina spinosa, A. sub-spinosa, A. laminosa, A. granulosa, A. placentula,
Nummulites atacicus, N. globulus, N. mamillatus, Lockhartia conditi, L. tipperi and Alveolina
indicatrix. These LBFs indicate an age range of late Paleocene to middle Eocene. By
considering the age ranges of these index fossils and formation’s stratigraphic position (i.e.,
between middle Ilerdian Sakesar Formation/ Margala Hill Limestone, and upper Cuisian
Kuldana Formation), the Chorgali Formation can be regarded as late Ilerdian to lower Cuisian (53 -
51.5 Ma) in age. The stratigraphic position and age of the formation indicate that
it evolved in a time in which the eastern Neo-Tethys Ocean was getting more restricted as the
Indo-Pakistan Plate moved farther to the north and got closer to collide with the Eurasian Plate.
The collision event was diachronous (~ 55 Ma to 41 Ma, from east to west). Thus,
the deposition of the formation took place at the stage of the initial collision, basin closure and
latest stage that heralded the demise of the carbonate platform.
Sedimentologic properties that potentially indicate signatures of basin closure and
relative sea level drop are present in the uppermost part of the Chorgali Formation.
These features include, 1) localized sandy facies (LF1), 2) localized supratidal intraclastic
dolomitic packstone (LF2), and 3) localized pedogenic features such as, karstified surface,
dolomitized algal mats, evaporite nodules and flat pebble breccia that collectively underscore
exposed to restricted marine conditions, were recognized in the uppermost part of the formation in
other parts of the Potwar sub-basin by previous researchers. Previous work has also indicated that
Oxygen and Carbon isotopic signatures of the dolomitic unit indicate mixed marine-meteoric origin.
The Kuldana Formation that conformably overlies the Chorgali Formation, is dominated by shallow
marine siliciclastic succession with subordinate carbonate interbeds in its lower part. However, in
other places, the Kuldana Formation contains continental clastic lithology with freshwater
vertebrate fossils (e.g., crocodilia fossils). These evidences clearly indicate that the Chorgali
Formation represents deposition during the latest stage of the closure of the
eastern Neo-Tethys Ocean and consequently, the demise of the carbonate platform.Studentye