University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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Effectiveness and safety of two‐drug regimens containing an integrase inhibitor and reverse transcriptase inhibitor in a cohort of virologically suppressed people with HIV : Data from the COMBINE ‐2 study
No full textObjectives: This study assessed real-world effectiveness and safety of switching to dual therapy regimens consisting of an integrase inhibitor (INSTI), and reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI), among suppressed people living with HIV in Europe. Methods: This observational cohort enrolled adults with HIV from 28 sites across Europe who were switching to a two-drug regimen of an INSTI plus a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor while suppressed [viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL]. Participants were followed from regimen start date (baseline) until the earliest of 96 weeks, regimen discontinuation, loss to follow-up, or death. The primary endpoints were suppression, low-level viraemia (VL ≥50 to <200 copies/mL), and high-level viraemia (VL ≥200 copies/mL) at 24-, 48- and 96-weeks post-baseline, and virologic failure (VF) within 96 weeks (2 consecutive VLs ≥50 copies/mL or 1 VL ≥50 copies/mL followed by regimen discontinuation). Adverse events and discontinuations were also described. Results: 737 individuals switched to DTG + 3TC (536, 72.7%), DTG + RPV (186, 25.2%) and other INSTI+RTI regimens (15, 2.0%). At 24-,48-, and 96 weeks of follow up, >98% of individuals with VL data maintained suppression; among VLs ≥50 copies/mL, most (19/23; 82.6%) were low-level viraemia. Five individuals (<1%, DTG + 3TC:2; DTG + RPV:3) experienced VF. Forty-seven non-serious drug-related AEs were reported by 38 participants (5.4%); 2 people experienced serious AEs (0.3%). Regimen discontinuations were infrequent (n = 39, 5.3%) and most commonly attributed to tolerability issues (n = 17). Conclusions: Among suppressed people living with HIV in a real-world setting, INSTI+RTI two-drug regimens were highly effective and well tolerated over 96 weeks of follow-up
Indexing Systems: The Evolution of Knowledge Organisation in Modern Society
No full textThis book analyses search engines as indexing systems: structures of social memory, designed to organise information access when knowledge is stored in archives. It views indexing systems as a highly improbable outcome of socio-cultural evolution, and charts the main stages of this social process through the impact of printing on knowledge organisation, the rise of mechanical memory, the practice of tagging, and contemporary strategies of de-indexing. In the process, the book sheds new light on the underexplored sociological question “Where do search engines come from?
Opera across Borders. Word, Image, Scene, and Digital Transformations
No full textThe book explores methods, strategies, and platforms for the circulation and dissemination of Opera in contemporary times within an international context through a multidisciplinary approach. The contributions examine genre transformations, adaptations, and remediations of Opera, as well as multimedia tools and strategies aimed at engaging new generations with musical theatre
Commodity risk assessment of Lonicera ligustrina var. pileata, Lonicera ligustrina var. yunnanensis and Lonicera periclymenum plants from the UK
No full textThe European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by (a) rooted plants in pots and (b) bare root plants and whips of Lonicera ligustrina var. pileata, L. ligustrina var. yunnanensis and Lonicera periclymenum from the United Kingdom (UK). The assessment was performed considering the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the UK. All pests potentially associated with the commodities were evaluated against specific criteria. Five EU-quarantine pests [honeysuckle yellow vein virus (HYVV, Begomovirus macrotylomae), Bemisia tabaci, Meloidogyne fallax, Phytophthora ramorum and Scirtothrips dorsalis], present in the UK and which could be associated with the commodity, were considered relevant for this Opinion. No pests non-regulated in the EU were identified to be selected for further evaluation
Immunomodulatory properties of human dental pulp stromal cells: the role of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway and PD-L1
No full textHuman Dental Pulp Stromal Cells (hDPSCs) of neural-ectodermal origin hold immunomodulatory properties which make them a source for MSC-based therapies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Our results highlighted that hDPSCs exposed to different inflammatory conditions activate Fas/FasL and PD1/PD-L1 pathways. Moreover, hDPSCs modulate inflammatory cytokines release of aPBMCs from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. However, the inflammatory milieu induced the upregulation of IL-6 by hDPSCs, which was demonstrated to be strongly correlated to PD-L1 expression, suggesting its involvement in supporting their immunoregulation. Our data demonstrated that the activation of the IL6/JAK/STAT3 trans-signaling pathway in hDPSCs through stimulation with the IL6/sIL6R complex leads to an increase in PD-L1 protein levels, but not PD-L2, via proteasome inhibition. The activation of the IL-6/PD-L1 axis in response to inflammatory conditions underscores its potential significance in autoimmune diseases since a dysfunction of this mechanism could lead to the onset and progression of chronic inflammatory disorders
Retinal structural changes in Parkinson’s disease: differences in pRNFL thickness between GBA1-associated and idiopathic cases
No full textIntroduction: In recent years, retinal structural changes have attracted considerable attention
as a potential biomarker of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Several studies
have reported a reduced Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with PD
compared with age-matched controls. However, potential retinal differences between
“idiopathic” PD and GBA1-associated PD (GBA-PD) remain largely unexplored.
Methods: In this single-center observational study, we enrolled 59 PD patients: 32 GBA-PD
and 27 non-mutated (NM-PD). A comprehensive clinical assessment included MoCA,
MDS-UPDRS and Hoehn-Yahr. Spectral-domain OCT measured pRNFL thickness at 3.5,
4.1 and 4.7 mm diameters across six sectors. Statistical analysis assessed intergroup
differences and associations with clinical variables.
Results: NM-PD exhibited significantly thinner temporal sectors compared to GBA-PD
(p<0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). In NM-PD, positive correlations emerged between
temporal-superior pRNFL and MoCA scores, in line with previous studies, and, more
surprisingly, between nasal-inferior sector and MDS-UPDRS part-IV. No robust
associations with clinical variables were found in GBA-PD.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates differences in retinal thickness between GBA-PD and
NM-PD. In particular, a lower pRNFL in NM-PD may be the product of a different
pathophysiological mechanism. Moreover, sector-specific retinal thickness showed
correlations to cognitive impairment and motor complications in NM-PD. These
observations provide novel insights into genotype-specific mechanisms of
neurodegeneration in PD and suggest that retinal imaging may offer a window into both
cognitive and motor complications. Further longitudinal studies, including healthy controls
and expanded retinal layer analyses, are needed to confirm and expand these findings
Morphology-modified contributions of electronic transitions to the optical response of plasmonic nanoporous gold metamaterial
No full textN/
A framework for integrated design of human–robot collaborative assembly workstations
No full textCollaborative robotics is increasingly considered in manufacturing to improve efficiency while reducing operators physical and cognitive workloads. However, the lack of comprehensive methodologies has limited the consistent implementation of human–robot collaborative workstations across industries. Existing approaches are often fragmented, require robotics expertise, and pose challenges for non-experts, leading to suboptimal station designs and inefficient task allocation. This study presents a structured design framework to transition traditional assembly processes into collaborative ones. The framework provides a practical, scalable solution for optimizing collaborative workstations, balancing performance, ergonomics, and industrial applicability. It starts from the analysis of the assembly tasks, followed by classification and allocation between human operators and robots, and concludes with virtual prototyping and performance optimization through simulation using a commercial tool. The adopted methodology integrates task analysis, ergonomic assessment, and workspace design to ensure accessible and efficient implementation. Validated through two industrial case studies involving a gear pump and a worm gearbox, the approach demonstrated significant reductions in cycle time and notable improvements in the ergonomic working conditions. Additionally, physical prototyping and testing conducted within a research collaborative cell further confirmed the achieved results
Probing Traps in Ta2O5/Al2O3 Memristive Switching Devices
No full textTa2O5/Al2O3 analog memristive devices are promising candidates for next-generation neuromorphic computing applications. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the charge transport mechanisms in Ta2O5/Al2O3 devices, with a focus on identifying the properties and location of the defects involved in the formation of the conductive filament and analog resistive switching. By integrating experimental measurements with multiphonon charge transport simulations, we show that the relative thickness of the Ta2O5 and Al2O3 layers plays a pivotal role in determining the properties and location of the dominant defects that control the conduction through the RRAM stack. These defects are generated during the formation of the conductive filament and are, therefore, involved in the switching behavior. Sensitivity maps are utilized to pinpoint both the energy levels and spatial positions of defects within the oxide layers that contribute to the switching current. Temperature-dependent current–voltage (I–V) measurements allow us to extract key trap properties, including thermal ionization and relaxation energies, which are used to identify defects in the individual dielectric layers that contribute to the resistive switching. These insights offer valuable guidance for optimizing both the design and performance of these devices for neuromorphic applications