33145 research outputs found
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Data-Driven Design Come l’intelligenza artificiale e il machine learning vengono utilizzati per analizzare i dati urbani, sanitari e demografici per la progettazione di spazi interni ed esterni
No full textIl contributo esamina il cambio di paradigma rappresentato dal Data-Driven Design, nel quale l'integrazione di Intelligenza Artificiale e Machine Learning trasforma l'architetto da creatore solitario a orchestratore di processi complessi. Vengono illustrate le potenzialità della progettazione generativa e dell'evidence-based design nell'ottimizzazione delle performance energetiche, strutturali e socio-sanitarie degli spazi. Parallelamente, il testo affronta le criticità etiche ed epistemologiche emerse, quali il rischio di omologazione estetica, il bias algoritmico e la "tirannia della metrica" a discapito delle qualità immateriali dell'architettura. In risposta a tali sfide, si propone un approccio collaborativo human-in-the-loop, volto a istituire un nuovo umanesimo digitale in cui la capacità computazionale sia guidata dalla sensibilità critica e culturale del progettista
Unlocking Sustainable‐by‐Design Li‐Metal Batteries by Recycled PVB in Blend Polymer Electrolytes
No full textIn today's sustainability-driven society, the circular economy has emerged as a guiding principle for responsible resource use, aiming to transform production by prioritizing reuse, repair, and recycling, thus extending product lifecycles and reducing waste. Herein, the impact of the circular economy on upcycling, focusing on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), widely used as an interlayer in laminated glass, recovered from automotive waste via a patented mechanochemical process, is investigated. For the first time, this process is applied in an innovative closed-loop design for solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) in Li–metal batteries (LMBs). A green, solvent-free method produces polymer blends of PVB, ensuring outstanding mechanical properties, and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as the ion-conductive matrix. PVB effectively reduces PEO crystallinity, improving ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, and oxidative stability. The resulting SPEs exhibit stable lithium stripping/plating and reduced interfacial resistance in symmetric cells, confirming excellent lithium compatibility. Lab-scale lithium metal polymer cells with a high-loading LiFePO4-based catholyte (13 mg cm−2) achieve near-theoretical capacities at low C-rates (154.4 mAh g−1 at C/5) and excellent rate performance at 65 °C. By promoting a holistic approach to sustainable resource use, PVB contributes to the development of high-performance, environmentally sustainable polymer electrolytes for next-generation LMBs
Problemi "attuali" dell'ingiustificato arricchimento
No full textLo scritto esamina le problematiche che riguardano l’ingiustificato arricchimento e i presupposti
che delimitano l’ambito dell’operatività dell’azione. In particolare si analizza la possibilità di esperire i rimedi in prospettiva funzionale alla soddisfazione degli interessi delle parti
Stakeholders’ perspectives on environmental issues: preliminary results from SUNEQUMAR survey
No full textAn online survey was conducted by the means of a questionnaire to detect the perceptions of environmental impacts, and to identify the main farming activities and management difficulties focused on marginal areas of Centre-South Italy. The demographic profile of the interviewees (n=100) is as follows: 69.8% ranging 18-25 yrs old, 27.1% are within 26-60 yrs old, more than half are female (55.2%), and almost all of them are Italian (99.0%), distributed in North (3.1%), Centre (82.3%) and South (13.5%). Regarding the feeding habits, 93.8% of the interviewees declares to be omnivorous, a smaller percentage vegetarian (3.1%) and vegan (2.1%). Animal rights activists and environmentalists account for 5.2% and 26% of the surveyed population, respectively. Stakeholders interviewed included farmers, breeders, agronomists and technical advisors, students, and researchers. About 74% of interviewees believe to be informed on environmental issues mainly by internet and social networks (61.5%), but the role played by protected areas is little known in 52.1% of surveyed cases. The natural environments are considered not sufficiently protected by 69.8% of interviewees. As far as the perception of the effects of climate changes is concerned, reduced availability of water (40.6%), increase in rainfall intensity (29.2%), melting glaciers (27.1%) are the main concerns. Industry (34.4%), infrastructure (28.1%) and the expansion of urban areas (27.1%) are perceived as main risk for environment conservation, while agriculture (17.7%) is considered to have a comparatively minor effect. The main environmental threats to natural ecosystems are considered pollution from urban sewage (43.8%), littering (43.8%), invasive wildlife (28.1%) but also inadequate pasture management (19.8%). Twenty-four percent of the interviewees consider to be ineffective the environmental policies implemented by Institutions. Finally, among the surveyed farmers (n=10), 90% raises dairy cattle from Holstein, Jersey and Pezzata Rossa breeds in semi-intensive or semi-extensive systems, mainly located in rural areas of Centre-South Italy. The average size of the farm is 90 heads. The main concern reported by farmers is associated with damages to crops by wildlife (40%).
The survey has been approved by the Bioethics Committee of the University of Molise. The research was supported by project PRIN 20224L4WSR, funded by Next Generation EU (CUP: H53D23005120)
Editorial for Special Issue “Advances in Public Health and Healthcare Management for Chronic Care”
No full textNon
CO2 sequestration by gas hydrates in marine environment: investigation of seawater and sediment chemistry
No full textObjective
Due to rising atmospheric CO2 levels, significant scientific efforts have focused on reducing its concentration. One novel
approach involves the use of Gas Hydrates (GHs) as a long-term reservoir for CO2 sequestration, a promising strategy for
mitigating climate change by storing CO2 in marine environments. GHs are crystalline structures formed under lowtemperature
and high-pressure conditions, consisting of water molecules arranged in cages that encapsulate various guest
molecules, such as CO2 [1]. This study focuses on the characterization of naturally occurring compounds present in real
seawater and natural sediments, aiming to analyze and reveal their effects on CO2-GHs formation. This characterization
is crucial, as most existing studies concentrate on the addition of synthetic chemicals, which may compromise the
properties of GHs for CO2 storage and potentially lead to further environmental emissions.
Methods
Natural sand and seawater sampled on Adriatic Sea were characterized by FE-SEM microscopy and BET measurements.
Seawater and pore water samples have been analysed by HPLC-MS and UHPLC-QTOF. The analysis was conducted in
both positive and negative ionization modes, with data acquired in SCAN and auto MS/MS modes In addition, Raman
analysis on seawater with and without sand has been performed.
Results
Sewater and pore water samples obtained from SPE extraction were analysed using UHPLC-QTOF. More than 50
different compounds were identified with a total score higher than 75% when compared to NIST library. The analysis
revealed certain natural compounds in seawater that could act as kinetic promoters for gas hydrate formation, potentially
enhancing CO2 absorption. Raman analysis was used to analyse the influence of natural sand on the structure and
formation of CO2-GHs [2]. The Raman spectra showed that the presence of sand affects the hydrogen-bond interactions
among water molecules, enhancing the symmetric vibration components at lower temperatures, suggesting sand
contributes to more ordered structure.
Conclusions
The study focus on the importance of characterizing seawater and pore water to understand the behavior of gas hydrates
(GHs) and the potential for CO2 storage beneath marine sediments. The proposed method evaluates various organic
compounds in real seawater using HPLC-MS and UHPLC-QTOF. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy assesses the
structural influence of natural sand sediments, confirming that sand stabilizes the ice-like structure of hydrates through
hydrogen bonding interactions between water molecules and silanol groups (Si–OH)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study is part of the PRIN 2022 PNRR project entitled “Reliable long-term CO2 storage as clathrate hydrates in
seawater and marine sediments”, funded by the European Union-Next Generation EU
Lettere botaniche Un dialogo tra Letteratura e Botanica attraverso la lettura di brani da lettere di Jean-Jacques Rousseau sul tema della Botanica e la divulgazione scientifica
No full textSanità digitale e nuovi paradigmi di cura tra effettività e sostenibilità
No full textIn considerazione dell’importanza assunta negli ultimi anni dall’innovazione tecnologica, l'intervento affronta l’interrogativo circa l’idoneità della trasformazione digitale del Servizio sanitario nazionale a invertire la tendenza di privatizzazione. Gli strumenti della sanità digitale e l’utilizzo dell’intelligenza artificiale risultano infatti centrali per il perseguimento degli obiettivi di equità, accesso alle cure ed efficienza rappresentando un nuovo modello organizzativo a sostegno della sanità pubblica
Analysis of the Phenolic Compounds, Volatile Profile, and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of 18 Different Varieties of Honey from the Italian Market
No full textThe aim of this study was to present a comprehensive analysis of honey varieties from different botanical origins, focusing on their phenolic compounds’ composition, volatile profiles, and antioxidant activity. We simultaneously identified and quantified 37 bioactive compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids, across various honey samples by HPLC-MS/MS. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (AOA) were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis. The content of phenolic compounds quantified by HPLC-MS/MS ranged from 19.56 to 243.94 mg·kg−1, highlighting a high presence of these antioxidant compounds (mainly phenolic acids), confirmed also by the positive correlation between TPC and DPPH values. Among volatiles compounds, analyzed by HS-SPME-GC-MS, benzene acetaldehyde and furfural resulted specific for two types of honey samples (H-7 and H-9), highlighting the possibility of searching for chemical markers to characterize honeys of different specie/origin. This study enhances our understanding of the bioactive potential of honey from different botanical origins and provides a foundation for future research on its health benefits
Comparative efficacy of five essential oils from local plants and their major constituents in controlling the stored wheat pest Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)
No full textIn our investigation, five essential oils (EOs) from local plants (Rosmarinus officinalis, Citrus aurantium, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha spicata and Cupressus sempervirens) and their major constituents (EOCs) were evaluated against larvae of Trogoderma granarium, a stored-product insect species of economic importance. The chemical profile of some plant EOs tested was characterized and the results revealed a composition dominated by linalool, carvone and p-cymene for Citrus aurantum, Mentha spicata and Eucalyptus globulus, respectively. In a second series of bioassays by fumigation, EOs and EOCs were tested against larvae. Thus, based on LC50 values, R. officinalis EO (5.53 mu L/L of air), Limonene (7.07 mu L/L of air) and C. aurantium (8.71 mu L/L of air) appeared as the most toxic EOCs to larvae, followed by Menthol (26.48 mu L/L of air), Eucalyptus globulus (LC50 = 33.32 mu L/L of air) and Carvone (51.30 mu L/L of air). The repellent activity was estimated by the 5 repellent concentration (RC50). Thus, a significant higher number of larvae were repelled by E. globulus EO (RC50 = 3.27 mu L/mL), followed by Linalool (9.65 mu L/mL) and Limonene (17.37 mu L/mL). Our results demonstrated that the EOs and their major constituents have the potential to be developed as an alternative to synthetic insecticides against T. granarium. Further research is required to give additional information on the activities of the potent EOCs under open-field conditions