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Il patrimonio moderno di Venezia. Regesto delle architetture tutelate e nuove prospettive
No full textWithin an urban context deeply shaped by a centuries-old monumental tradition, modern architecture in Venice has historically struggled to be recognised as a legitimate and significant component of the city's heritage. The present contribution intends to reconsider this heritage through the compilation of a critical register of the 20th century architecture already subjected to restrictions in the Venetian territory. Starting from an in-depth analysis of these protective actions and the reconnaissance of the main architectural typologies involved, the research aims to outline a coherent framework of the recognition criteria adopted by the competent authorities, highlighting the evolution of the evaluation criteria and of the binding procedures. Considered this, the reflection finally extends to a prospective dimension with the indication of architectures that are currently lacking in protection but deserve attention
L'immensurabile "responsabilità" fiscale delle società partecipani all'operazione di scissione societaria: tra interesse fiscale e capacità contributiva.
No full textPrefazione alla terza edizione, in A. Presutti - A. Bernasconi, Manuale della responsabilità degli enti
No full textIntroduzione alla terza edizione del Manuale scritta da entrambi gli autor
Climate and air quality co-benefits of electric vehicle fleet lightweighting. A modelling assessment
No full textElectrification of the vehicle fleet is a key strategy for decarbonizing transportation. However, electric vehicles (EVs) typically have higher weight than traditional vehicles, resulting in increased energy consumption, diminished driving range, and raised non-exhaust emissions. This study presents a modelling framework to assess the benefits of EV fleet lightweighting on driving range, greenhouse gas emissions, and air quality. The framework integrates a longitudinal vehicle dynamics simulation tool (TEST) and an integrated assessment model (MAQ). TEST determines the energy consumption, the traditional hydraulic braking system energy, and the maximum driving range as a function of the vehicle's weight. MAQ estimates the reduction of greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide) and particulate matter emissions, and the impact on PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations of different scenarios defined by assuming a fleet with 10 % and 25 % of electric vehicles. The study focuses on the Po Valley, a vast area in northern Italy characterized by some of the highest levels of air pollution in Europe. Results show that increasing the fleet electrification from 10 % to 25 % without altering the average vehicle's mass reduces the NO2 levels in urban areas by up to 9.3 %, but increases non-exhaust emissions, with possible local negative impact on PM2.5 levels if the energy production is supplied by natural gas. When combined with vehicle lightweighting, electrification yields consistent benefits, including improved driving range, PM2.5 concentration reduction up to 3 % in major and most populated cities, and CO2 emissions decrease by up to 3 %. The framework provides a methodology for evaluating the environmental trade-offs of EV diffusion at the regional scale and the role of EV weight for maximizing the co-benefits on the environment
Rapid tooling with polymer tools: dry deep drawing process of aluminum and stainless-steel blanks
No full textThis study investigates the performance of polymer tools in a dry deep drawing process applied to stainless steel and aluminum blanks. The tools were manufactured via material extrusion additive manufacturing using a polyamide matrix reinforced with short carbon fibers. Circular blanks with a diameter of 70 mm and thickness of 1 mm were formed into cups with a drawing depth of 15 mm. The experiments aimed to evaluate dimensional accuracy and tool wear after up to 50 forming cycles. A direct comparison between aluminum and stainless steel forming showed that aluminum cups maintain high accuracy and tool integrity over time, while stainless steel induces more tool deformation and geometric deviations. FEM simulations supported the experimental findings by reproducing the observed trends in cup geometry and tool displacement. The successful dry deep drawing of aluminum parts demonstrates the potential for lubricant-free processing, making the method more sustainable, faster, and cost-effective. These findings highlight the role of rapid tooling in promoting sustainability within small-batch deep drawing processes
Emerging optimization problems for distribution in same-day delivery
No full textSame-day delivery (SDD) has become a new standard to satisfy the "instant gratification" of online customers. Despite existing powerful technologies deployed in last-mile delivery, SDD services face new decision-making challenges on the tradeoff between delivery costs and time. In addition, new concerns on environmental issues, customer satisfaction, and fairness arise. Researchers have explored various approaches to face these challenges in SDD, where data uncertainty plays a fundamental role. In this paper, we carefully review the emerging routing problems and solutions proposed in the existing literature for SDD services. We survey papers on how to manage dynamic order arrivals, how to allocate time slots for deliveries, how to select the right delivery options, how to design pickup and delivery routes, and how to partition delivery areas and decide the composition of the fleet. We also propose mathematical formulations for representative problems. Finally, we sketch managerial insights and identify future research directions
Role of body anthropometry in severe asthmatic patients: Evidences from the Severe Asthma Network in Italy (SANI) registry
Get PDFAsthma and obesity are both chronic diseases. Obesity is a common comorbidity and a risk factor of severe asthma, associated with increased asthma exacerbation risk, poorer asthma control and reduced quality of life. However, the responsible mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to detect parameters associated with obesity in patients with severe asthma in order to check different pattern of inflammation in obese asthmatics. Baseline data from the Severe Asthma Network in Italy (SANI) registry were analysed in 1922 patients with severe asthma. Demographic, clinical and functional features were compared, according to body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of overweight and obesity among severe asthma patients was 34,8 and 20,3, respectively. Females were more prevalent in the obese cluster (p < 0.001). Asthma onset age in overweight and obese patients was higher than in normal population (p < 0.001). Obese subjects reported less frequently chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and more frequently impaired sleep quality, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes (p < 0.001). Severe asthma patients with obesity had lower predicted FVC values (89.0 19.2 vs 93.5 20.2; p 0.002) and higher FEV1/FVC ratio (69.9 11.5 vs 66.9 12.4; p < 0.001) than patients without obesity. Obese asthmatics had lower blood eosinophilic count, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels than non-obese asthmatics. Asthma control test (ACT) was significantly poorer in obese patients (17, IQR 12–21) than other subgroups. Regarding treatment, overweight and obese patients were more likely to receive a GINA-Step 5 therapy (p 0.023), with more than 20 of obese asthmatics having frequent exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroid (OCS). Patients with severe asthma and obesity presented different characteristics that support the existence of distinct asthma phenotype in obese patients
Influence of Season, Hive Position, Extraction Method and Storage Temperature on Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity of Croatian Honey
Get PDFThe aim of our study was to compare the composition of polyphenolic compounds between the Croatian acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) honey from several aspects: production season, hive position (on the edge and in the middle of a series of hives), part of the hive (small or normal extension), and honey extraction method (centrifuging or draining honey combs). Additionally, in acacia honey, we also monitored the influence of different storage temperatures (room temperature (RT) and 4 degrees C) on the content of phenolic compounds. To separate, identify and quantify individual flavonoids and phenolic acids from the honey, we used the HPLC method. The total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of the samples, their antimicrobial activity and their elemental content were also measured. The significant influence of the season, hive position, and extraction method on the total identified phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids, total phenols and antioxidant activity was detected in almost all the acacia and chestnut honey samples. Chestnut honey from 2013 had more total phenolics (TPs) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) than chestnut from 2014 and 2015. Honey collected from smaller extensions of hives had significantly higher TPs and FRAP compared to normal hive extensions. Centrifugation reduced the TPs and FRAP in most cases, but not always uniformly. Storage at RT led to the predominance of gallic, p-coumaric and benzoic acid in acacia honey, while storage at 4 degrees C maintained p-coumaric acid as the dominant phenolic acid. Flavonoids, particularly pinobanksin in acacia honey and hesperetin/pinobanksin in chestnut honey, were less affected by the storage conditions compared to phenolic acids. The non-centrifuged chestnut sample from 2015 showed the lowest MIC values against the most tested pathogenic bacteria. All the honey samples showed an extremely low concentration of heavy metals and relatively high concentrations of potassium and calcium
Development of new prognostic models for salivary gland carcinoma based on clinical-pathological, radiomic and gene expression profiling
Get PDFI tumori maligni salivari rappresentano un complesso scenario clinico. A causa della loro rarità e del loro ampio spettro di istologie con comportamenti biologici estremamente variabili, molte delle conoscenze riportate in letteratura derivano da piccoli studi retrospettivi. Le principali lacune sono da riferire alla malattia metastatica linfonodale e al setting recidivante-metastatico. L’attuale stadiazione TNM (ottava edizione) per le ghiandole salivari maggiori mutua lo staging linfonodale dal carcinoma squamocellulare della vie aerodigestive superiori, non considerando le molte peculiarità di questa patologia e dimostrandosi inefficace nella stratificazione prognostica della malattia metastatica linfonodale. Al contempo, la malattia recidivante-metastatica è orfana di linee guida sostenute da chiare evidenze scientifiche. Per ottemperare a queste lacune ci si è posti l’obiettivo di creare un database multicentrico, internazionale, con l’obiettivo di poter definire e validare un nuovo staging prognostico per la malattia metastatica linfonodale, e di poter definire un modello prognostico scientificamente solido per la malattia recidivante-metastatica.
Se da un lato lo sforzo di definire modelli prognostici validi per tutta la patologia salivare trova la sua applicazione nella pratica clinica, dall’altro lato è sempre più evidente la necessità di sviluppare nuove conoscenze specifiche per ogni singola istologia. La più recente classificazione WHO riconosce 24 diversi carcinomi salivari, enormemente diversi per comportamento biologico, prognosi, modalità di trattamento e necessità di follow-up. Fra le principali istologie, il carcinoma adenoido-cistico rappresenta la neoplasia col comportamento clinico più sfaccettato e complesso, il cui indirizzo terapeutico e la definizione prognostica risente di numerose variabili, molte di esse poco comprese. In particolare, la gestione del paziente recidivante-metastatico rappresenta una delle condizioni più problematiche in oncologia testa-collo. Per la necessità di fornire nuovi sviluppi nel carcinoma adenoidocistico gli sforzi del presente progetto si sono concentrati su questa istologia, con l’obiettivo di definire dei nuovi strumenti prognostici, avvalendosi dei recenti sviluppi in ambito di radiomica e tramite l’identificazione di peculiari trascriptonal features.Salivary gland cancer represents a challenging clinical scenario. Because of their rarity and wide spectrum of histologies with highly variable biological behaviors, much of the knowledge reported in the literature comes from small retrospective studies. The main knowledge gaps relate to nodal metastatic disease and the recurrent-metastatic setting. In the current TNM staging (8th edition), major salivary glands shares the same nodal staging with the squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract, failing to consider the many peculiarities of this disease and proving ineffective in prognostic stratification of nodal metastatic disease. At the same time, recurrent-metastatic disease is orphaned of guidelines supported by clear scientific evidence. To comply with these shortcomings, we set out to create a multicenter, international database with the goal of being able to define and validate a new prognostic staging for lymph node metastatic disease, and to define prognostic models for recurrent-metastatic disease based on a solid scientific evidence.
However, while the effort to define prognostic models valid for all salivary pathology finds its application in clinical practice, the need to develop new knowledge specific to each histology is increasingly evident. The most recent WHO classification recognizes 24 different salivary carcinomas, enormously different in biological behavior, prognosis, treatment modalities, and need for follow-up. Among the major histologies, adenoid cystic carcinoma represents the neoplasm with the most multifaceted and complex clinical behavior. Its therapeutic and prognostic definition is affected by numerous variables, many of them poorly understood. In particular, the management of the recurrent-metastatic patient represents one of the most problematic conditions in head and neck oncology. Because of the need to provide new developments in the management of adenoid cystic carcinoma, the efforts of the present project have focused on this histology, with the aim of defining new prognostic tools, making use of recent developments in radiomics and through the identification of peculiar transcriptonal features