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Exclusive photoproduction of excited ρ mesons decaying to four pions in ultraperipheral Pb–Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV
No full textThe intense photon fluxes from relativistic nuclei provide an opportunity to study photonuclear interactions in ultraperipheral collisions. In particular, it allows for the investigations of excited, light-flavour vector mesons. The measurement of coherently photoproduced π+π−π+π− final states in ultraperipheral Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV is presented for the first time. The cross section, d σ /d y , times the branching ratio (ρ→π+π+π−π−) is found to be 47.8 ± 2.3 (stat.) ± 7.7 (syst.) mb in the rapidity interval | y | < 0.5. The invariant mass distribution is not well described with a single Breit-Wigner resonance without an interference term. Including interference with a non-resonant contribution results in the mass and width values being too far from those reported in PDG, while the production of two interfering resonances, ρ (1450) and ρ (1700), also provides a good description of the data. The values of the masses ( m ) and widths (Γ) of the resonances extracted from the fit assuming two interfering resonances are m1=1385±14(stat.)±3(syst.) MeV/ c 2, Γ1=431±36(stat.)±82(syst.) MeV/ c 2, m2=1663±13(stat.)±22(syst.) MeV/ c 2 and Γ2=357±31(stat.)±49(syst.) MeV/ c 2, respectively. The measured cross sections times the branching ratios are compared to recent theoretical predictions
Human-Centered Design of Digital Twins: The Case of Green Smart Homes
No full textThis paper presents the interaction design, prototyping, and evaluation of a digital twin for green smart homes. The proposed system aims to enhance energy efficiency, occupant comfort, and environmental awareness by integrating sustainable design principles with advanced digital technologies, like the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence functionalities. The paper aims to demonstrate that a human-centered approach to designing digital twins can satisfy most of the users’ expectations and requirements for living in and interacting with green smart homes
Tuning of a predictive control scheme for intravenous anesthesia: influence on performance and computational requirements
No full textThis paper focuses on a Model Predictive Control (MPC) application for the multivariable control of depth of hypnosis in total intravenous anesthesia. The control system co-administers propofol and remifentanil to regulate the Bispectral Index (BIS). A key feature of the clinical practice is the setting of a ratio between the two drugs, which defines the opioid-hypnotic balance. This ratio must be explicitly controlled by the anesthesiologist to implement a balanced anesthesia technique. However, since propofol and remifentanil have a synergistic effect when they are co-administered, the response of the patient to drug administration changes according to the selected value of the ratio. Consequently, the MPC parameters must be carefully tuned for each specific ratio to ensure performance and robustness. This tuning is typically performed by means of optimization techniques, which are computationally demanding and require several hours to complete. This approach is feasible for a fixed, predefined ratio but becomes impractical when the ratio needs to be adjusted in real-time based on the clinical situation. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a methodology based on precomputed lookup tables and fitting techniques. This solution provides near-optimal tuning parameters for any ratio within a defined clinical range, eliminating the need for real-time optimization. The performance and robustness of the proposed method are evaluated through a simulation study, showing results that are consistent with clinical requirements. The proposed approach represents a step towards the deployment of flexible MPC-based control solutions in the clinical practice
Building life cycle assessment and digital technologies: A bibliometric and systematic literature review and recent advances on their integration to boost the decarbonization of the construction sector
No full textThere is growing concern about reaching the European Union Zero-Emission Building (ZEB) set by the latest recast of Energy Performance Buildings Directive. In this context, Building Life Cycle Assessment (BLCA) is one of the established methods to reach the target, especially when integrated with Building Digital Technologies (BDTs). The study aims to identify current integration strategies between BLCA and BDTs, explore barriers and opportunities, and provide insights to enhance the digitalization of LCA in the construction sector. As a result of the literature search, the main technologies involved in BLCA–BDT integration have been identified, with Building Information Modelling (BIM) dominating the field with 703 publications, followed by Artificial Intelligence (AI) with 215 and Digital Twin (DT) with 147. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the topic, based on 96 articles published over the last decade. The quantitative analysis aims to classify and evaluate the most frequent BLCA-DTs integration types, while the qualitative analysis allows an in-depth critical review based on the identification of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT), to better understand the current state of research and its potential to support the transition toward ZEBs. The discussion of those analyses led to the development of strategic guidelines clustered with best practices to support stakeholders in leveraging BLCA-BDTs integrations. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of early-stage integration, shared data models, and interdisciplinary skills to fully exploit the potential of BDTs in achieving ZEBs target
Empowering Worker-Robot Collaboration: Leveraging LLMs for Extracting and Visualizing Robot Task Metrics
No full textIn the context of Industry 5.0, which is characterized by a close integration between digital technology, industrial production, and human-centered design, collaborative robots emerge as key players. These robots are no longer isolated machines but an integral part of an interconnected ecosystem, where the fluidity of data plays a crucial role. Collaborative robots facilitate flexibility, efficiency, and safety in operations. However, this also introduces novel programming and data management challenges. A distinctive feature of collaborative robots is their ability to be programmed and used by non-expert users. This democratization of access to robotics offers significant advantages but also requires careful design of tools and interfaces to enable easy access to the data generated by the robots. In this context, the user interface assumes a pivotal role in ensuring that even those lacking programming expertise can fully benefit from the capabilities of collaborative robots and the da..
Relative-importance Analysis of Material and Social Deprivation Across European Countries
Full text linkWe investigate the relative importance of the socioeconomic characteristics of households associated with the risk of material and social deprivation. The methodology is based on sequential R2 decomposition and cluster analysis approaches, applied to 27 European countries in 2023. Household data come from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey. Our analysis of relative importance reveals that household disposable income accounts for approximately 20% of the variance in deprivation on average, meaning that the remaining 80% of the variability is explained by non-monetary factors. Among the key non-monetary factors, we identify household composition, education, and age. Finally, our cluster analysis suggests that while the Nordic welfare regime is relatively effective in reducing material and social deprivation, further efforts are needed across the rest of Europe. Governments should take the relative importance analysis into account when considering potential measures to decrease the number of factors associated with the risk of deprivation. This latter suggests the need for integrated interventions, encompassing housing, care services, education, and labor market participation
Feedback stabilization for entropy solutions of a 2 × 2 hyperbolic system of conservation laws at a junction
No full textWe consider the p-system in Eulerian coordinates on a star-shaped network. Under suitable transmission conditions at the junction and dissipative boundary conditions at the exterior vertices, we show that the entropy solutions of the system are exponentially stabilizable. Our proof extends the strategy by Coron et al. (2017) and is based on a front-tracking algorithm used to construct approximate piecewise constant solutions whose BV norms are controlled through a suitable exponentially-weighted Glimm-type Lyapunov functional. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS
Leveraging AI Planning Models for the Water Management of the Red River Basin in Vietnam
No full textWater resource management in hydrological systems, particularly those involving reservoirs, is complex due to their dynamic and interconnected nature. Traditional approaches often struggle to adapt to changing conditions, resulting in suboptimal utilization and limited resilience to unexpected scenarios. This research investigates the application of AI-driven planning to enhance adaptive management strategies for such systems. This study focuses on the development and simulation of models capturing the dynamics and constraints of reservoir-based hydrological systems. These models can also be employed by automated planners to simulate system behavior. The approach is illustrated through a case study on Vietnam’s Red River Basin, demonstrating its feasibility and effectiveness. The results highlight the potential of AI planning to efficiently navigate decision spaces and derive robust management policies
Variational Methods for Equilibrium Problems Applied to Electricity Markets
No full textThis paper focuses on the study of an economic equilibrium problem for an electricity market model in a multistage-stochastic framework, where,stage by stage, the uncer- tainty evolves with continuity. We analyze the point of view of a finite number of power companies in a sequence of competitive markets. Each of them produces electricity, both with conventional and renewable-based plants, participates in the trade in the spot markets that open after the uncertainty is revealed, and signs bilateral and forward contracts. Moreover, we capture the risk attitude of each power company by considering a suitable coherent risk measure in the problem’s formulation. In order to prove the existence of at least one equilibrium solution, we introduce a suitable quasi-variational inequality formulation. In this light, we also investigate suitable regularity properties of the involved superdifferential operator in the presence of certain parameter perturbations in Banach spaces
