University of Bari Aldo Moro
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Treatment of avian malaria in captive African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) by the combination of atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride
No full textAvian malaria, a vector-borne disease caused by Plasmodium spp., poses significant threats to various bird populations, particularly captive penguins like the endangered African penguin (Spheniscus demersus). Penguins, originating from regions with low malaria prevalence, are highly susceptible when housed in malaria-permissive areas. This study evaluates the efficacy of an atovaquone/proguanil hydrochloride treatment protocol to manage avian malaria in a captive African penguin colony in an Italian zoo. The study involved 30 penguins monitored over 3 years. Thirteen penguins tested positive for Plasmodium spp., with 11 undergoing treatment. The treatment protocol consisted of atovaquone/proguanil hydrochloride (10/4 mg/kg) administered orally for 3 days, repeated after a week. Post-treatment monitoring at 7, 30, and 60 days, and follow-ups up to 2 years, showed that all but one penguin cleared the infection. The treatment was well tolerated, with no adverse effects observed. The findings suggest that this protocol is effective as a treatment of avian malaria and could be a valuable tool in avian malaria management, particularly for endangered species in captivity. However, the persistence of Plasmodium relictum in one case highlights the need for careful post-treatment monitoring to prevent recurrence or reinfection. The study underscores the importance of developing tailored antimalarial protocols for captive birds to enhance conservation efforts and mitigate the risks posed by avian malaria
Terme e termalismo nei paesaggi urbani della Puglia di età romana
No full textLa ricerca approfondisce il fenomeno del termalismo nel comprensorio pugliese attraverso la sistematizzazione della bibliografia e della documentazione d’archivio, spesso inedita, relative alle terme urbane pubbliche e private dislocate nei municipia in età romana.
I dati storico-archeologici, inquadrati per la prima volta nel contesto urbano e regionale, evidenziano un quadro disorganico che viene scandagliato sulla base delle peculiarità locali sociali, economiche, politiche e geomorfologiche nonché sul diverso grado di popolamento e di urbanizzazione. Viene analizzato quindi lo stretto rapporto che intercorre, nelle diverse fasi che caratterizzano le forme delle città, tra pianificazione urbanistica, interventi di evergetismo e ubicazione dei complessi termali, posti sempre in luoghi nevralgici e in stretta relazione con gli assi viari principali.
Il termalismo pugliese viene anche esaminato per la prima volta sulla base delle fonti letterarie ed epigrafiche, in riferimento alle normative e al regime di proprietà – aspetti che si riflettono in maniera incisiva nelle soluzioni costruttive adottate – e soprattutto in relazione allo sviluppo di nuovo tipo di attività imprenditoriale che prevede l’apertura al pubblico di strutture a gestione privata, evidentemente per far fronte alla sempre crescente necessità di soddisfare le esigenze non solo dei municipes ma anche dei viaggiatori
Adoption and Foster Care: Analysis, Reflections and Best Practice On Equality And Social Justice At School And In The Educational System
No full textAdoption and foster care provide children with a nurturing family environment and a positive context in which they can recover from early disadvantages. However, much of the existing research highlights the potential vulnerability of these children, particularly in terms of learning outcomes and academic achievement (Sempowicz et al., 2018; Anderman et al., 2021). Furthermore, the literature underscores that the frequent experiences of discrimination and microaggressions faced by children in foster care and adoption can lead to marginalization (Migliarini et al., 2019), academic failures (Ferritti et al., 2020a, 2021), and social exclusion (Morgan and Langrehr, 2019). To address these challenges, researchers should place greater emphasis on exploring the protective factors within the family and social context, as well as the resources that need to be mobilized to enhance both academic and social skills (Goldberg et al., 2021), thereby supporting positive growth trajectories. Discussions of equality and social justice in the educational system for children with histories of adoption and foster care must consider the political, educational, and cultural measures needed to ensure equal opportunities and combat educational inequality and stigma. In this regard, there remain numerous questions that interdisciplinary studies must address in order to explore opportunities and strategies for promoting resilience, as well as fostering both school and social inclusion for children in adoption or foster care
L'Unione avrebbe potuto preventivamente porsi fra i due contendenti
No full textIl colloquio di pace fra Zelensky e Trump si è risolto in uno scontro sulle difficoltà economiche che incorrono in Europa e sulla mancanza di volontà del presidente ucraino a una prospettiva di pac
Le sanzioni civili nel diritto del lavoro. Tecniche di tutela ed effettività.
No full textAttraverso la lettura delle più paradigmatiche sanzioni civili del diritto del lavoro, la monografia si incentra sull’analisi dell’evoluzione del rapporto tra tutela in forma specifica e tutela risarcitoria. Invero, tale indagine - in una prospettiva teleologica finalizzata a misurare l’effettività delle sanzioni - ha consentito di enfatizzare l’andamento pendolare che ha caratterizzato il rapporto tra le due tecniche di tutela e, di conseguenza, quello tra “categorie generali” del diritto civile e “categorie speciali” del diritto del lavoro. Se, infatti, all’indomani dell’entrata in vigore della Costituzione, il diritto del lavoro, pur ricorrendo a infrastrutture e snodi propri del diritto civile, ha progressivamente innalzato i livelli di tutela dei lavoratori, preferendo (inedite) tecniche di tutela di tipo restitutorio, nell’ultimo trentennio, si è assistito, a contrario, a una progressiva inversione di tendenza, caratterizzata dall’affermazione della tecnica risarcitoria quale tecnica privilegiata di tutela. La lettura evolutiva ripercorsa ha consentito anche di riflettere su come siano profondamente mutati i riferimenti assiologici del diritto del lavoro e sul ruolo che esso riveste, ancora oggi, quale strumento di salvaguardia dei diritti fondamentali della persona che lavora
Light-mediated activation/deactivation control and in vitro ADME-Tox profiling of a donepezil-like Dual AChE/MAO-B Inhibitor
No full text: The possibility to control the effects of drugs in time and space represents an ideal condition for developing safer and more personalized therapies against different disorders. In this context, photopharmacology has paved the way for the use of light in the modulation of drugs activity. Our interest is directed to photo-switchable molecules, capable of interconverting between two different isoforms upon light irradiation. We recently reported compound 1, a donepezil-like based on 2-benzylidenindan-1-one structure, as a dual AChE and MAO-B inhibitor, which can be converted into the E- (active form) and Z- (about tenfold less active form) diastereoisomers by irradiating with UV-vis light. Aiming at identifying compounds with remarkable activity in a physiological conditions, we herein report a fine characterization of compound 1 in PBS solutions. First, we evaluated its ability to act as a photoswitch comparing PBS solution with organic solvents (e.g. methanol), demonstrating that a wavelength in the UV range (330 nm) can convert the E- into the Z-diastereoisomer, while the use of a visible light (400 nm) allows the interconversion from Z to E in both media. Along with its photoinducible behavior, we investigated the passive diffusion across cellular membrane with PAMPA experiments, plasma and microsomal stability, and binding to plasma proteins. Interestingly, the results of such studies suggested that compound 1 could persist in the blood circulation for a long time, which is desirable for application in photopharmacological therapies. Cytotoxicity studies highlighted the potential of our prototypic compound as a lead photodrug against neurodegenerative disorders, deserving to advance in molecular optimization studies and further in vitro and in vivo characterization
Cyclophosphamide and Etoposide: A mathematical evaluation of the decay of two highly reactive molecules
No full text: Cyclophosphamide and Etoposide are two antineoplastic drugs that are commonly employed in the treatment of several types of cancer, including prostate, stomach, and lung cancer, as well as multiple myeloma and sarcoma. The course of treatment often involves a mixture of etoposide and cyclophosphamide with other molecules, such as cisplatin for the former, or dactinomycin and vincristine for the latter. In this study, two separate analytical methods are proposed to evaluate the stability and the decay of Cyclophosphamide and Etoposide solutions prepared in normal saline and glucose (5%). The solutions of each antineoplastic drug were prepared by the IRCCS CROB RIONERO at three separate dosages and were submitted to HPLC-UV apparatus for the analysis. Firstly, two calibration curves were carried out to validate the method; secondly, samples of each solution were taken at specific time points to evaluate the decay in concentration of the molecules. The results show a stark decrease in stability of etoposide at increasing drug concentrations. On the other hand, cyclophosphamide is known for being highly unstable after reconstitution, therefore its decay was expected at each dosage. The data obtained by the triplicate analysis of both drugs at each time point was then used to mathematically evaluate the decay pattern of each molecule
DOWNSTREAM EMISSIONS E GOVERNANCE DEI PROGETTI FOSSILI: EVOLUZIONE E LIMITI DELLE VALUTAZIONI DI IMPATTO AMBIENTALE DALLA GIURISPRUDENZA BRITANNICA AL CONTENZIOSO CLIMATICO GLOBALE
No full textThe article examines the evolution of climate litigation concerning environmental impact assessments of extractive projects, with particular attention to British jurisprudence and the Finch v. Surrey case. Through the analysis of recent judicial decisions, it highlights how litigation is progressively expanding the scope of required assessments, mandating the consideration of downstream emissions. However, structural limitations emerge in a system that, conceived as a procedural tool, struggles to incorporate binding substantive evaluations, necessitating comprehensive reform that moves beyond the neoliberal approach to environmental governanc
A Model for Assessing Access to Pregnancy Termination: Effect of Geographical Distance and Socio-economic Deprivation
No full textThe voluntary interruption of pregnancy (VTP), a right recognized
countrywide, is suffering from the ongoing rationalization of public health costs,
which have led to a progressive decrease in the services available in decentralized areas. The aim of this study is to examine whether users’ choices tend to converge
towards healthcare facilities in their catchment area (CA) and whether the socio-economic deprivation of their area of residence and other individual factors
of women are associated with mobility towards healthcare access points. The
results showed that the higher frequency of VTPs outside the CA were found to
be significantly associated with greatest socioeconomic deprivation
Antiplatelet drug application in dental clinical practice. Efficacy, safety and guidelines: a systematic review.
Get PDFBackground: Antiplatelet (APL) therapy (TH) plays a crucial role in preventing thrombotic (TRB) events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, its application in dental clinical practice remains a topic of debate due to concerns regarding bleeding (BL) complications during invasive procedures (PRC).
Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of APL drugs in dental PRCs, assess the risk of BL complications, and examine existing guidelines for managing patients on APL TH.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published from January 1, 2004 to January 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and guidelines evaluating the use of APL drugs in dental PRCs. Data on efficacy outcomes (e.g., prevention of TRB events), safety outcomes (e.g., BL complications), and adherence to guidelines were extracted and synthesized.
Results: A total of 28 studies were included in the review, comprising randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and clinical guidelines. The findings suggest that discontinuation of APL TH before dental PRCs may increase the risk of TRB events without significantly reducing BL complications. However, the evidence regarding the risk of BL associated with dental PRCs in patients on APL TH is inconclusive. Existing guidelines vary in their recommendations for managing patients on APL TH, highlighting the need for standardized protocols.
Conclusion: APL TH is essential for preventing TRB events in high-risk patients, and its discontinuation before dental PRCs may not be warranted in most cases. However, further research is needed to clarify the risk of BL complications associated with dental PRCs in patients on APL TH and to develop evidence-based guidelines for managing these patients in dental clinical practice. Standardized protocols considering both efficacy and safety outcomes are crucial for ensuring optimal patient care