University of Bari Aldo Moro
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Building Symbiotic Artificial Intelligence: Reviewing the AI Act for a Human-Centred, Principle-Based Framework
No full textArtificial Intelligence (AI) spreads quickly as new technologies and services take over modern society. The need to regulate AI design, development, and use is strictly necessary to avoid unethical and potentially dangerous consequences to humans. The European Union (EU) has released a new legal framework, the AI Act, to regulate AI by undertaking a risk-based approach to safeguard humans during interaction. At the same time, researchers offer a new perspective on AI systems, commonly known as Human-Centred AI (HCAI), highlighting the need for a human-centred approach to their design. In this context, Symbiotic AI (a subtype of HCAI) promises to enhance human capabilities through a deeper and continuous collaboration between human intelligence and AI. This article presents the results of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that aims to identify principles that characterise the design and development of Symbiotic AI systems while considering humans as the core of the process. Through content analysis, we elicit four principles that must be applied to create Human-Centred AI systems that can establish a symbiotic relationship with humans. In addition, current trends and challenges are presented to indicate open questions that may guide future research for the development of SAI systems that comply with the AI Act
Wheat as a Storehouse of Natural Antimicrobial Compounds
No full textBackground: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a global health challenge, contributing to elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. This growing problem is attributed to the widespread and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents. In response, current research is focused on identifying novel strategies to combat AMR, with particular attention to alternative therapeutic agents. Natural antimicrobials have emerged as promising candidates. Among these, wheat, one of the most cultivated food crops in the world, is identified as a valuable source of such bioactive compounds. Beyond its nutritional importance and prevalent use in food production, wheat is rich in polyphenols, small peptides, benzoxazinoids, 1,4-benzoquinones, and 5-n-alkylresorcinols. In vitro investigations have demonstrated that these phytochemicals possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, exhibiting efficacy against Gram–positive and Gram–negative bacteria, as well as various fungi. Methods: Two databases, i.e., Google Scholar and Scopus, were screened using different keywords. Results: A series of key compounds responsible for these effects were identified, evaluating wheat’s potential role as a sustainable source of novel and potent antimicrobial agents. Conclusions: This review aims to collect the latest findings regarding the antimicrobial potential of different wheat varieties and their by-products
Balzac antimoderne ?
No full textThe article contests Balzac’s inclusion among the so-called antimoderns. While the author of the
Comédie indeed espoused anti-democratic convictions, he was at the same time markedly
receptive to the technological innovations that underpinned the emerging bourgeois society.
Modernity, in this perspective, is grounded less in the ideological legacy of the Revolution than
in an unwavering confidence in technique. The only recognizably antimodern element ascribed
to Balzac is that of the beau geste: an act of fidelity to the past, at once gratuitous and wounding
for the one who enacts it.L’article conteste l’inscription de Balzac dans la catégorie des antimodernes. Si l’auteur de la
Comédie partage des idées antidémocratiques, il se montre en revanche extrêmement favorable
au progrès technologique qui anime la nouvelle société bourgeoise. La notion de modernité, en
effet, repose avant tout sur la confiance dans la technique, plus encore que sur les idées issues de
la Révolution. Le trait antimoderne qu’on lui reconnaît néanmoins est celui du beau geste, geste
de fidélité au passé, inutile et douloureux pour celui qui l’accomplit
Inclusive B-meson flavour-tagging algorithm at LHCb
No full textA new algorithm is developed to identify the flavour of neutral B mesons at production in pp collisions by utilising all tracks from the hadronisation process. The algorithm is calibrated separately for B0 and Bs0 mesons using B0 → J/ψK+π− and Bs0→Ds−π+ decays from pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. This new algorithm improves the tagging power by 35% for B0 mesons and 20% for Bs0 mesons when compared to the combined performance of the existing LHCb flavour-tagging algorithms
La formazione e la tutela del «prezzo giusto» nella filiera agroalimentare: il laboratorio francese
No full textIl saggio analizza il quadro normativo francese in materia di pratiche commerciali sleali, con particolare attenzione ai meccanismi di formazione del prezzo e al ruolo dei costi di produzione nella tutela dell’equilibrio contrattuale lungo la filiera agroalimentare
Cellular cAMP Content and Mitochondrial Profile Define Different Subtypes of Ovarian Cancer Cells
No full textOvarian cancer (OC) is an aggressive and lethal gynecologic cancer due to its asymptomatic nature resulting in a late diagnosis. OC encompasses distinct histological subtypes, with serous OC representing the most common and aggressive form. However, within the same histological OC subtype, additional heterogeneity has been found in terms of genetic mutations and metabolic profiles probably contributing to treatment response. In cancer, metabolic reprogramming strongly involves mitochondria. Mitochondrial function can be regulated by the cAMP pathway, and its deregulation has been reported in various cancers including OC. Here we analyzed two serous OC cell lines, OC316 and OV56, and eleven human OC tissues. OC316 cell lines showed elevated cAMP level with respect to OV56. The high cAMP levels were associated with activation of thecAMP/PKA/CREB/PGC-1α axis resulting in increased mitochondrial biogenesis, respiratory chain activity, modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and apoptosis resistance. Accordingly, principal component analysis (PCA) of the twenty-three biochemical parameters, in eleven human OC tissues, classified OC into two groups showing different cAMP levels associated with distinct mitochondrial profiles. This analysis highlights a cAMP-dependent stratification revealing two mitochondrial subpopulations within serous OC. These findings indicate that the molecular heterogeneity of OC poses a challenge for understanding disease mechanisms and developing effective targeted therapies
Bio-ecology and management of phlebotomine sand flies: unraveling the complexity of vector control
No full textPhlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are small, blood-feeding insects found in a wide range of ecosystems, from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate climates. Among the pathogens transmitted by these tiny insects (i.e., viruses, bacteria, and protozoa), Leishmania spp. are the most significant disease agents affecting humans and domestic animals, mainly in low-income countries, where prevention and control are challenging. Despite substantial progress in understanding the biology of sand flies and the parasites they transmit, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding their biology and ecology. Research into sand fly behavior, feeding preferences, resting sites, and breeding sites across various ecological settings is relevant for designing targeted interventions. Additionally, advances in innovative control tools are being explored to reduce the use of pyrethroids. These may include natural repellents (e.g., volatile organic compounds produced by vertebrate hosts), genetically modified sand flies (through gene editing or symbiont modification), and biological agents such as entomopathogenic fungi. These alternative tools offer promising avenues for developing a sustainable and integrated control strategy for sand flies. In this review, we provide insights into the bioecology of sand flies and highlight novel approaches that may enhance the effectiveness of sand fly control efforts
Art. 130. Servizi di ristorazione
No full textIl contributo rappresenta un commento all'art. 130 del d.lgs. 31 marzo 2023, n. 36 (Codice dei contratti pubblici), sui servizi di ristorazione, la cui disciplina è stata oggetto di un intervento di riscrittura da parte del legislatore anche alla luce della crescente rilevanza dei criteri ambientali minimi nell'orizzonte del criterio di aggiudicazione dell'offerta economicamente più vantaggiosa individuata sulla base del miglior rapporto tra qualità e prezzo
Rethinking Education in the Age of Technium: the Relationship between Pedagogy and Phenomenology
No full textOur contemporaneity obliges us to reflect on a social, cultural and
anthropological nature in which the human being finds himself establishing relational
plots with othernesses that, in the era of technium, rediscover themselves as co
protagonists. In the new world (natural and artificial), training is entrusted with the task
of fostering the development of creative, cognitive, critical skills in subjects, useful to
face the physiological changes of the age of technology through an ‘embedded pedagogy’
read in a phenomenological key and capable of soliciting responsible forms of self-care,
through a process of ontological awareness
Gli studi di Giovanni Battista Bronzini (1925-2002): letteratura, filologia, agiografia e cultura popolare. Atti del Convegno di studi (Monte Sant’Angelo, Centro di Studi Micaelici e Garganici “Giorgio Otranto”, 15-17 maggio 2024), con F. Dei, F. Mirizzi, R. Otranto
No full textIl volume contiene gli atti del convegno in onore di Giovanni Battista Bronzini, noto etnologo italiano, le cui ricerche hanno aperto fecondi filoni di studio, in Italia e all'estero