University of Bari Aldo Moro
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Asymmetries run deep: the interplay between cradling bias, face recognition, autistic traits, and personality
No full textPersonality traits are linked to a variety of cognitive and socio-emotional factors, including lateralization patterns. Autism, prosopagnosia, and atypical cradling have been associated with altered lateralization and socio-emotional processing. This study explores how autism traits, cradling-side preferences, and face recognition abilities relate to individual personality differences. Three-hundred neurotypical adults (150 males) completed an online survey including the imaged cradling preference and three validated questionnaires: the Autism spectrum Quotient (AQ), Prosopagnosia Index-20 (PI-20), and the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (BFQ). Results showed a strong left-cradling bias (LCB) unaffected by sex, handedness, parental status, autism traits, or face recognition abilities. AQ negatively predicted Extraversion, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability, and Openness. LCB correlated with higher Agreeableness and moderated the negative association between AQ and Extraversion. These findings suggest a potential link between cradling preferences, autism traits, and personality, possibly reflecting reduced right-hemisphere specialization in emotional processing and social behaviour
Ontology-enriched Graph Databases: an Interoperable Framework for Knowledge Integration and Management
Get PDFL'enorme quantità e varietà di dati oggi disponibili è in costante aumento, guidata dalle esigenze accademiche e industriali e dalla necessità di sviluppare sistemi intelligenti e sostenibili per la società. I ricercatori si adoperano per tenere il passo con questa espansione attraverso nuove soluzioni hardware e software, affrontando però anche la sfida di progettare soluzioni conformi alle nuove normative, sostenibili dal punto di vista ambientale e gestibili nel lungo termine. Dato il gran numero di ambiti in cui i dati vengono utilizzati, è naturale che essi si presentino in formati eterogenei e con vocabolari differenti. In questo contesto, i database a grafo si rivelano estremamente utili grazie alla loro struttura non rigida, che permette flessibilità e agevola attività complesse e dispendiose in termini di tempo, come l’integrazione dei dati. La ragione di questa flessibilità risiede nel fatto che i database a grafo non richiedono di memorizzare uno schema per le istanze, a differenza dei modelli logici dei database tradizionali. Tuttavia, questa peculiarità implica la mancanza di controllo sulle informazioni disponibili, il che porta frequentemente a problemi di disambiguazione, incompletezza o incoerenza dei dati. Si propone, pertanto, l’arricchimento dei database a grafo con degli schemi, combinando in un'unica soluzione i vantaggi dei grafi in termini di prestazioni e interoperabilità con gli aspetti di condivisione di un vocabolario comune che, in
quanto concettualizzazione ontologica, apre nuove possibilità per il ragionamento.
Il contributo della tesi consiste nella progettazione di un framework per l'integrazione degli schemi nelle strutture su grafo. Gli schemi consentono di risolvere o mitigare le problematiche sopra menzionate relative all'integrazione dei dati e propongono soluzioni innovative a problemi di Intelligenza Artificiale che coinvolgono database a grafo, o strutture a grafo in generale. Il contributo include una soluzione per l'interconnessione e la mappatura di dati e schemi sui linguaggi basati sul web semantico. Il framework proposto prevede una soluzione per la valutazione degli schemi basata esclusivamente sulle istanze, e integra il framework in linguaggi logici (prevalentemente su logica del primo ordine) per compiti di ragionamento automatico. Il framework proposto è una soluzione generale che trova molteplici possibili applicazioni; nelle nostre sperimentazioni ci siamo principalmente concentrati sul campo delle biblioteche digitali, del patrimonio culturale e della linguistica.The amount and variety of data available nowadays are constantly increasing due to academic and industrial needs, as well as for building intelligent and sustainable network systems for society. Researchers endeavour to keep pace with this expansion with new hardware and software solutions, but they also struggle to design solutions that are compliant with new regulations, environmentally sustainable, and manageable in the long term. Given the extraordinary quantity of domains in which data are employed, the natural consequence is they come under diverse formats and with different vocabularies. In this context, graph databases are extremely valuable given their unfixed structure, which allows flexibility and permits facilitating time-consuming tasks like data integration. The cause of this flexibility is that graph databases do not hold schema information about instances, which is in contrast with traditional database logical models. The natural downside of this peculiarity is the lack of any control over the available information. In this scenario, problems related to data disambiguation, incompleteness, or inconsistency are frequent. Here we propose the enrichment of graphs with schema information, combining in a single solution the advantages of
graphs in terms of performance and interoperability and the aspects of sharing a common vocabulary that, seen as an ontological conceptualization, opens scenarios for reasoning
capabilities.
The contribution of the thesis is the design of a framework for integrating schemas into graph-based structures. Schemas solve or mitigate the above-mentioned issues in data integration, and help in solving current Artificial Intelligence tasks involving graph structures efficiently. The contribution includes a solution for interconnecting and mapping graph database models and the SW-based graph model. The proposed framework covers a solution for schema evaluation that is purely instance-based and demonstrates the capability of this solution to be integrated into first-order logic frameworks for reasoning tasks. The proposed framework is a general solution and, among its possible uses, we mainly experimented with the framework in the field of digital libraries, cultural heritage, and linguistics
Il diritto penale dell ‘ immigrazione
No full textIl presente lavoro costituisce una riflessione sul rapporto fra la condizione dello straniero e il sistema penale, attraverso l’analisi delle norme di maggiore impatto sulla sua libertà personale: ovvero le disposizioni del decreto legislativo n. 286 del 1998 (il c.d. Testo unico sull'immigrazione) concernenti le espulsioni e quelle propriamente incriminatrici. Obiettivo di fondo del legislatore è stato -allora come oggi - quello di privilegiare l’istanza di sicurezza proveniente dalla collettività rispetto ad altre istanze di tutela giuridico-penale, quali la condizione dello straniero.
Alle riforme legislative si sono aggiunti i numerosi interventi - demolitori o correttivi - effettuati dalla Corte costituzionale, che hanno colpito la normativa in molti suoi aspetti anche essenziali. La condizione di estraneità, intesa come difetto della cittadinanza dello Stato di riferimento, ha costituito da sempre la giustificazione di previsioni normative specifiche, di trattamenti giuridici particolari, di soluzioni politiche difformi rispetto a quanto stabilito per i possessori dello status di cittadino, in ragione dell'assenza di diritti e di doveri- in sintesi, di legami istituzionali giuridicamente rilevanti (soprattutto in senso tutorio) - fra l’individuo (straniero) e lo Stat
Dalla bioetica alla Carta delle donne. La Sezione femminile del Pci dal 1981 al 1987
No full textIl saggio ricostruisce l'elaborazione politica e culturale della Sezione femminile del Partito comunista italiano negli anni compresi tra il 1981 e il 1987, con particolare riferimento ai rapporti con il femminismo e ai contenuti della VII Conferenza nazionale del 1984 e della Carta delle donne del 1986
Zinc Phosphate Microparticles against Nosocomial and Oral Bacteria: Synthesis, Analytical Characterization, and Biocompatibility
No full textNosocomial bacteria represent a significant global health problem. In addition, oral pathogens causing oral infections, such as periodontitis and peri-implantitis, are the main cause of the failure of oral implant treatments, mainly due to bacterial resistance related to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in recent years. Therefore, identifying antimicrobial and biocompatible agents, such as some zinc-derived compounds, represents a promising alternative to the development of new antibacterial biomaterials. In this study, zinc phosphate microparticles were synthesized by chemical precipitation and characterized by FTIR, DLS, TEM, XRD, and XPS. Their antibacterial effect was evaluated against nosocomial and oral bacteria, while their biocompatibility was assessed using human fibroblasts and osteoblasts. The results showed zinc phosphate microparticles with elongated morphologies, a hopeite crystal structure with an average crystallite size of about 35 nm, a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 4.8 μm, and a ζ-potential close to neutrality. Regarding the antibacterial properties, zinc phosphate microparticles showed high antibacterial activity against the eight different bacterial species evaluated. In almost all species, an inhibition percentage close to 100% was observed, depending on the concentration, while in the biocompatibility tests, particle concentrations between 0.05 and 0.4 mg/mL were not cytotoxic to either of the eukaryotic cell types evaluated. These findings suggest that zinc phosphate microparticles synthesized by chemical precipitation possess antibacterial properties against pathogens associated with nosocomial and oral infections and exhibit biocompatibility with human fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Therefore, zinc phosphate microparticles have the potential for diverse applications in the medical and dental fields due to their antibacterial properties and biocompatibility
Beneficial mite fauna (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) of hazelnut orchards in Lazio (Central Italy).
No full textBeneficial mite fauna (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) of hazelnut orchards in Lazio (Central Italy). ISHS Acta Horticulturae, XI International Congress on Hazelnut (Symp nr 812, Abst 102), August 4th-8th 2025 Beijing China
Interoperable Traceability in Agrifood Supply Chains: Enhancing Transport Systems Through IoT Sensor Data, Blockchain, and DataSpace
No full textTraceability plays a critical role in ensuring the quality, safety, and transparency of supply chains, where transportation stakeholders are fundamental to the efficient movement of goods. However, the diversity of actors involved poses significant challenges to achieving these goals. Each organization typically operates its own information system, tailored to manage internal data, but often lacks the ability to communicate effectively with external systems. Moreover, when data exchange between different systems is required, it becomes critical to maintain full control over the shared data and to manage access rights precisely. In this work, we propose the concept of interoperable traceability. We present a model that enables the seamless integration of data from sensors, IoT devices, data management platforms, and distributed ledger technologies (DLT) within a newly designed data space architecture. We also demonstrate a practical implementation of this concept by applying it to real-world scenarios in the agri-food sector, with direct implications for transportation systems and all stakeholders in a supply chain. Our demonstrator supports the secure exchange of traceability data between existing systems, providing stakeholders with a novel approach to managing and auditing data with increased transparency and efficiency
Penalizing Low-Rank Matrix Factorization: From theoretical connections to practical applications
Get PDFLow-rank (LR) factorization techniques aim to represent data in a low-dimensional space by identifying fundamental sources. Standard LR approaches often require additional constraints to account for real-world complexity, resulting in penalized low-rank matrix factorizations. These techniques incorporate penalties or regularization terms to improve robustness and adaptability to practical constraints, bridging theoretical research with real-world applications. This paper explores a nonnegative constrained low-rank decomposition technique, namely, Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and its constrained variants as powerful tools for analyzing nonnegative data. We cover theoretical foundations and practical implementations, review algorithms for standard NMF, and address challenges in setting hyperparameters for penalized variants. We emphasize applications in omics data analysis with a model that incorporates biological constraints to extract meaningful insights, and highlight applications in environmental data analysi
Razzismo e musica
No full textSono diverse le modalità con le quali il razzismo, da intendersi
in senso piuttosto ampio come discriminazione su base etnica o
religiosa, ha caratterizzato la produzione, l’esecuzione e la fruizione
della musica nel 20° e 21° secolo. Gran parte delle spinte
di stampo razzista si sono orientate in due direzioni principali,
verso gli ebrei e verso i neri, ma anche, seppur in misura più
circoscritta, verso altre minoranze etniche (ad esempio, verso le
comunità romaní). A un’adeguata analisi e critica di queste tendenze
non ha contribuito, per lungo tempo, neanche la storia
della musica o la musicologia, spesso orientate da un approccio fondamentalmente eurocentrico
Embodied Learning: Biological-Artificial Hybridization
No full textStarting point of the proposed reflection is the hypothesis that processes of subjectivation are marked by an irreducible tension towards what Rosi Braidotti (2014) has defined as a "posthuman becoming" understood as a process of openness and hybridization of the subject towards the otherness of nonhuman, organic and machinic entities to which the subject incessantly connects. (Maturana & Varela, 1992; Marchesini, 2002, 2009, 2014; Pinto Minerva&Gallelli, 2004). In particular, studies on complexity and autopoiesis have indicated that the peculiar characteristics of living systems are: knowledge as an evolutionary capacity linked to the exchange of informations and autopoiesis as the ability of a complex system to use knowledge in order to: a) maintain the organization scheme of its components; b) keep its structure open to the exchange of information and energy with the environment. So, it is possible to say that life itself is a process of knowledge that allows an autopoietic system to adapt and survive. The novelty introduced by the hybridization between biology and technology is, on the one hand, the incorporation of technologies into biological systems and, on the other hand, the grafting of biological characteristics into machinic systems: the ability of machines to learn, to repair themselves, to self-regulate, even to evolve, autonomously (Kelly, 1996). Social robots represent one of the most advanced frontiers of the hybridization processes just described. In fact, research in this field is focused on the possibility of equipping such anthropomorphic robots with the ability to acquire knowledge and informations from the environment, to connect constructively previous knowledge and acquired knowledge, and to activate relationships with humans and other robots. The transformative power of the convergence between biological and artificial can be fully understood in the light of the various embodiment theories (Merleau-Ponty, 1965; Varela, 1994; Barone, 2014; Gallelli, 2017) which – in multiple and different scientific fields – have corroborated the pioneering theses advanced in the 1960s by McLuhan on the aspects of interdependence between cognitive functions and technological artifacts and have explored the specific role played by the body and by action in this interdependence. On the one hand, the functions of thought appear inextricably linked to the possession of a body. On the other hand, each technology determines diversified kinds of thought to the extent that it opens up specific spaces of perceptual-cognitive action. This implies a series of crucial questions that raise questions on an ethical and pedagogical level: 1. What evolution will the cognitive apparatus of social robots undergo as they will be able to count on "bodies" increasingly capable of interacting with the world, to learn and build relationships? 2. What evolution will human subjects undergo as the world in which they move and evolve will be populated by machinic entities to build knowledge and relationships with? 3. Will the relationship between humans and robots be able to assume autopoietic characteristics within the virtual environments of the technological systems of today, where both humans and machines modify their own structures and capacities and co-implicate themselves in an itinerary of changing