University of Bari Aldo Moro
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La grande offensiva
No full textIsraele sta attaccando Gaza che di vedrà diminuita di forza di pace, ma con questo Israele perde la grande opportunità di allearsi con il mondo arabo Sunnita
Structure and complexity of a rariphotic coral ecosystem in the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea)
No full textA series of explorations along the Saudi Arabian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba (Neom territory, Red Sea) led us to discover and characterize a Rariphotic Coral Ecosystem (RCE) spanning a depth range of 110–200 m. The primary architects of this ecosystem are the azooxanthellate scleractinian corals Madracis interjecta, Dendrophyllia minuscula, and Rhizopsammia compacta. These corals build the framework of three different bioherms (i.e., M. interjecta mound-like bioherms, D. minuscula shelf-like formations, and R. compacta bio-stalactites), encrusted, cemented and reinforced by a suite of benthic taxa including other scleractinian corals, bryozoans, foraminifers, molluscs, and serpulids. The RCE is characterized by a rich associated community of antipatharians and alcyonaceans, and it provides habitat for numerous fish taxa. Light-dependent zooxanthellate scleractinians and macroalgae, present in the lower mesophotic coral ecosystems at shallower depths (80–102 m) at the same sites, were absent in the examined RCE. North of the city of Magna, the RCE develops to its fullest complexity, with a combination of all three bioherms arising at multiple levels from the vertical reef wall, giving the appearance of a structured “coral palace.” Due to its unique structure, complexity, and richness, the RCE here described—and the Magna site in particular—represent a priority for conservation framed by amplified urgency related to the ongoing coastal development in Saudi Arabia
Distinct Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Pachychoroid Pigment Epitheliopathy Versus Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration
No full textIntroduction: To investigate distinct neurodegeneration mechanisms in pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) versus age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using quantitative optical coherence tomography (OCT) with age-matched controls. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 184 subjects included 50 age-matched controls (25 young: 47–63 years; 25 elderly: 67–83 years), 57 PPE patients (47–63 years), 39 AMD drusen patients (64–80 years), and 38 AMD reticular pseudodrusen patients (67–83 years). Primary outcomes included ganglion cell layer–inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and choroidal volume using swept-source OCT. Results: All pathologic conditions showed significant neurodegeneration versus age-matched controls (p < 0.001). PPE demonstrated choroidal thickening (410.5 ± 32.9 μm vs. 306.0 ± 10.8 μm controls) with inverse choroidal–neural correlations (r = −0.52 to −0.61, p < 0.001). AMD variants showed choroidal thinning (187–238 μm vs. 277 μm elderly controls) with positive correlations (drusen: r = +0.43, p = 0.006; RPD: r = +0.68, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Two distinct pathways cause neurodegeneration: compressive (PPE: choroidal thickening → choriocapillaris compression → neurodegeneration) and ischemic (AMD: choroidal thinning → hypoperfusion → neurodegeneration)
Seroprevalence study of paratuberculosis: Johne's disease, a neglected infection in dairy herds in Apulia (southern Italy)
No full textIntroduction: Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). In Italy, voluntary PTB control plans have been imple-
mented; nonetheless, so far, data on the prevalence of PTB in dairy herds are fragmented
and incomplete, especially in the south of the country.
Objectives: The objectives were to determine the apparent (AP) and true (TP)
prevalences of MAP infection, at the inter-herd (between-herd, BH) and intra-herd
(within-herd, WH) levels, and the odds ratio (OR) to assess the probability of both cattle
and herds testing positive in the provinces of Apulia, in southern Italy.
Methods: A total of 6056 serum samples collected from 341 different dairy farms were
analysed by ELISA. The number of farms and cattle required, BH and WH prevalence
estimates, ORs, 95% confidence interval values (CIs) and p-values (p) were calculated.
Results: A low overall TP was estimated at both the BH level (17.14%) and WH level
(0.82%). Statistically significant differences in OR (p < 0.05) were found for the provinces
of Foggia, with a high risk of positive animals at both BH (OR = 2.6569) and WH (OR
= 2.5583) levels and Taranto, with a low risk at the WH (OR = 0.5043) level.
Conclusions: Our results provide the first data on the prevalence of PTB in Apulian
dairy herds, according to the following criteria: (i) use of a multi-step sample size calcu-
lation procedure considering the test’s imperfection; (ii) selection of larger sample sizes
of both herds; (iii) inclusion of herds and cattle from the Apulia region only recruited
randomly; and (iv) analysis of the test results using non-Bayesian approache
Breathprint-Based Endotyping of COPD and Bronchiectasis COPD Overlap Using Electronic Nose Technology: A Prospective Observational Study
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous syndrome with multiple clinical and inflammatory phenotypes. The coexistence of bronchiectasis, known as bronchiectasis–COPD overlap (BCO), identifies a subgroup with increased morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive breath analysis using electronic noses (e-noses) has shown promise in identifying disease-specific volatile organic compound (VOC) patterns (“breathprints”). Our aim was to evaluate the ability of an e-nose to differentiate between COPD and BCO patients, and to assess its utility in detecting inflammatory endotypes (neutrophilic vs. eosinophilic). In a monocentric, prospective, real-life study, 98 patients were enrolled over nine months. Forty-two patients had radiologically confirmed BCO, while fifty-six had COPD without bronchiectasis. Exhaled breath samples were analyzed using the Cyranose 320 e-nose. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis were used to identify group-specific breathprints and inflammatory profiles. PCA revealed significant breathprint differences between BCO and COPD (p = 0.021). Discriminant analysis yielded an overall accuracy of 69.6% (AUC 0.768, p = 0.037). The highest classification performance (76.8%) was achieved when distinguishing eosinophilic COPD from neutrophilic BCO. These findings suggest distinct inflammatory profiles that may be captured non-invasively. E-nose technology holds potential for the non-invasive endotyping of COPD, especially in identifying neutrophilic BCO as a unique inflammatory entity. Breathomics may support early, personalized treatment strategies
Two hits or two misses? A critical comment on a combined psychological and biological origin of dissociative amnesia and repressed memory
No full textConvertino et al. (2025) and Nachson (2025) both stated that biological substrates can be correlated to
behaviour. Additionally, Convertino et al. noted that correlation does not imply causation. This issue
concerning causation is imperative. Neuroscientific research cannot conclude whether detected neurological
substrates have a causal link with dissociative amnesia/repressed memory (e.g. Taïb et al., 2023)
L’incunabolo Diogene Laerzio latino (1485) appartenuto a Luca de Samuele Cagnazzi. 2. Le note di possesso
No full textAnalisi delle note di possesso sei- e settecentesche presenti sull'incunabolo Diogene Laerzio latino (1485) appartenuto a Luca de Samuele Cagnazzi
Marital Fertility Decline in Italy
No full textThis study examines the historical decline in marital fertility in Italy between 1871 and 1991, integrating socioeconomic, demographic, and cultural perspectives. Using a balanced panel of 192 observations across 16 Italian regions, the key determinants are analyzed. The findings confirm that socioeconomic modernization, characterized by rising GDP per capita, improved life expectancy, and declining illiteracy rates, played a pivotal role in driving fertility reduction. Significant regional disparities are also identified, with northern regions experiencing earlier and steeper declines compared to southern regions. Notably, cultural factors, represented by proximity to French cultural networks, played a crucial role in accelerating the diffusion of modern reproductive behaviors. This study highlights the interaction between cultural and economic variables in demographic transitions and underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to understanding both historical and contemporary demographic changes
Il paesaggio rurale in età romana
No full textNell'ambito dell’imponente aggiornamento sulle ricerche a Canosa a trenta anni dalla mostra ‘Principi imperatori vescovi. Duemila anni di storia a Canosa’, nel quadro della rilettura aggiornata del rapporto tra città e territorio in età romana, il contributo propone una sintesi dei consistenti aggiornamenti raggiunti dalle ricerche recenti sull’ager, con attenzione alle dinamiche insediative delineate da diverse stagioni di ricognizione, alle attività produttive, allo sfruttamento delle risorse naturali, attraverso la lettura integrata delle evidenze archeologiche, della documentazione epigrafica, dei risultati delle analisi paleoambientali e con il riferimento costante alle fonti letterarie
Paisiello in scena geografia, recezione e aspetti di drammaturgia musicale
No full textIl saggio indaga le dinamiche delle riprese moderne delle opere paisielliane ponendo in rapporto fenomeni ricettivi del XVIII secolo con le attuali esigenze di programmazione teatral