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Coronal Streamer Brightness Profiles Investigated with BriLo Using Parker Solar Probe White-Light Data
No full textAbstract We present the Brightness–Location (BriLo) method, a novel single-spacecraft technique which exploits the Thomson scattering theory for localizing extended coronal features such as streamers using white-light (WL) imaging. Beyond determining the longitude and latitude of coronal features, the method also provides estimates of their geometrical properties, such as angular width (column depth). Validation is performed through geometrical triangulation with multi-viewpoint coronagraphs (the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory A COR2 and the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory C2–C3). The method is applied to ten coronal streamers observed by the Wide-Field Imager for Solar Probe (WISPR) on board the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) between encounter 1 – 17. We applied BriLo to two different data products, L3 and LX, which differ in K-corona treatment and absolute brightness levels. The L3 and LX results show good agreement in deriving streamer directionality, with differences of 2 – 30° in longitude and 1 – 6° in latitude. Both datasets provide longitude and latitude estimates that are broadly consistent with triangulation results. We further classified streamers and compared their locations with potential-field source surface (PFSS) extrapolations of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). Helmet streamers are generally found close to the HCS, whereas pseudostreamers in proximity to active regions. In conclusion, the application of BriLo to LX data yields realistic streamer widths of several to ten degrees, while L3 data produce unrealistically narrow values below one degree. This discrepancy arises from the line of sight (LOS) integration of the observed signal and the dependence of F-corona removal on background estimation and coronal conditions. Overall, BriLo proves to be a robust tool not only for streamer localization but also for assessing and validating WL imaging techniques.Young Researchers PrograSpace it Up! project funded by Italian Space Agency, ASI, and the Ministry of University and Research, MURWISPR Phase-E fundsNASA Parker Solar Probe Program Office for the WISPR programAustrian Science FundAustrian Science Fund (FWF) Erwin-Schrödinger fellowshipResearch Council of Finland (RCF) Academy FellowshipNASA 100000104German Space AgencyUniversity of Graz 50110000905
External quality assessment in antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST disc diffusion methodology) of five anaerobic strains – performance of 35 laboratories in Germany and Austria, 2024
No full textOrthologous genes of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum and the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster
No full textAbstract Objectives Tribolium castaneum and Drosophila melanogaster are prominent insect model organisms for investigating developmental and evolutionary processes. Both have a significant kit of genetic and molecular tools and a substantial quantity of omic data at their disposal, which makes this species pair suitable for comparative genomic and gene function studies. However, for such comparisons, a rigorous assignment and compilation of the orthologs that these organisms share are essential. Here, we generated and provided a list of orthologous genes between Drosophila and Tribolium, which will be useful for future comparative genomic studies. Data description We made use of the reference proteomes of Tribolium castaneum and Drosophila melanogaster to infer phylogenetic orthology using the OrthoFinder platform, and employed the eggNOG 6.0 database and manual phylogenetic tree analyses to assess our results. Our analysis identified more than 9,000 orthologous genes between Drosophila and Tribolium. We posit that this comprehensive list is a valuable resource for comparative studies among these insect species, such as single-cell sequencing or large-scale gene function comparisons. The results are open-access and freely available for download or interactive exploration in iBeetleBase
Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid levels of myelin- and oligodendrocyte-related proteins in sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
No full textAbstract Recent evidence suggests glial dysfunction, particularly involving oligodendrocytes and myelin, as an important part of the primary disease mechanism of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. To the best of our knowledge, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflecting oligodendrocyte or myelin damage have not yet been systematically investigated in this context. CSF samples from patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-neurodegenerative controls (n = 18, respectively) were included in the study, and levels of myelin basic protein (MBP), neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2) and cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) were quantified. Additionally, p25-positive cells were quantified in autopsy tissue from the frontal and parietal cortical regions of five patients with CJD and four controls. In the primary cohort, MBP quantification revealed significantly higher CSF levels in CJD compared to AD (p = 0.004) and controls (p = 0.0001) and this difference remained significant after adjustment for age and neurofilament light chain (NfL), indicating that MBP elevations cannot be explained solely by neuroaxonal degeneration. Significant differences were also found for CNPase in CJD compared to AD (p = 0.0011) and controls (p = 0.0004). There were no differences in NG2 levels (p > 0.05) among the groups. However, no significant differences were observed in the total number of p25-positive mature oligodendrocytes between CJD and controls in cortical brain tissue (p > 0.05). Additionally, MBP and NfL were quantified in a second cohort of 28 CJD and 20 biomarker-defined AD patients. In this cohort, characterized by more advanced AD pathology, MBP strongly covaried with NfL and no longer differed between diagnostic groups, suggesting a greater influence of neuroaxonal injury on MBP levels in advanced disease stages. In conclusion, in CJD, MBP elevations appear to be only partly related to neuroaxonal degeneration and may reflect disease-related myelin involvement
Dauer und Gründe der Beendigung im Jahr 2024
No full textIm 24. Jahr der Erhebungsreihe der KrimZ zur Vollstreckung der lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe wurde bei 92 Personen die Lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe im Jahr 2024 beendet, wovon 60 Personen nach Aussetzung des Strafrestes gem. § 57a StGB in Freiheit entlassen wurden. Die meisten Entlassungen erfolgten dabei nach 15 Jahren und etwa die Hälfte der entlassenen Lebenslangen hatte eine Gesamtzeit von 15—20 Jahren (43,3 %). Etwa jeder sechste (18,3 %) hatte mehr als 25 Jahre im Strafvollzug verbracht. Aufenthaltsdauern unter 15 Jahren im Vollzug der lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe fanden sich entsprechend der Gesetzeslage fast ausschließlich bei Gefangenen, die nicht nach § 57a StGB entlassen wurden. 17 Gefangene wurden ins Ausland ausgeliefert, ausgewiesen oder zur Vollstreckung der Strafe überstellt. 15 Personen verstarben während der Strafverbüßung. Die Hälfte der aus dem Vollzug der lebenslangen Freiheitsstrafe Entlassenen war zum Zeitpunkt der Entlassung mindestens 59 Jahre alt. Fast alle verbüßten eine Haftstrafe, zu der sie wegen eines Tötungsdeliktes verurteilt wurden; zum weitaus größten Teil besaßen sie die deutsche Staatsangehörigkeit.Weitere Ergebnisse und Hintergründe werden im Bericht dargestellt
Toward Transparent IoT Purchases: Understanding User Preferences for Privacy and Security Properties of IoT Devices
No full textStructure and polydispersity of single lipid vesicles by small-angle X-ray scattering at European XFEL
No full textEffect of temperature on hydrogen assisted fatigue crack growth rate of a gaseous hydrogen precharged austenitic stainless steel
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347 Federal Ministry of Education and Research Bonn Offic
Treatment of geriatric pelvis fractures – What are the knowledge gaps?
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002732 AOSpin