Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica
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Repeatability and reproducibility uncertainty assessment in magnetic resonance-based electric properties tomography of a homogeneous phantom
Get PDFEuropean Metrology Network (EMN) for Advanced Manufacturing ─ Development of the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)
Get PDFThe European Commission has identified Advanced Manufacturing and Advanced Materials as two of six Key Enabling Technologies (KETs). It is considered that Metrology is a key enabler for the advancement of these KETs. Consequently, EURAMET, the association of metrology institutes in Europe, has strengthened the role of Metrology for these KETs by enabling the creation of a European Metrology Network (EMN) for Advanced Manufacturing. The EMN is comprised of National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) from across Europe and was formally established in October 2021. The aim of the EMN is to provide a high-level coordination of European metrology activities for the Advanced Manufacturing community.
The EMN itself is organized in three sections representing the major stages of the manufacturing chain: 1) Advanced Materials, 2) Smart Manufacturing Systems, and 3) Manufactured Components & Products. The EMN for Advanced Manufacturing is engaging with stakeholders in the field of Advanced Manufacturing (large companies & SMEs, industry organisations, existing networks, and academia), as well as the wider Metrology community, including Technical Committees, to provide input for the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) on Metrology for Advanced Manufacturing.
This contribution will give an overview about the first version of the SRA prepared by the EMN for Advanced Manufacturing
Portale web "EUROPEAN METROLOGY NETWORK FOR QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES [EURAMET EMN-Q]"
No full textEuropean Metrology Network for Quantum Technologies
The European Metrology Network (EMN) for Quantum Technologies provides active coordination of European measurement science research to maintain competitiveness in the field of quantum technologies. By promoting and facilitating knowledge sharing, collaboration and the uptake of measurement science in the development of quantum technology, the EMN Quantum Technologies will establish globally accepted measurement services for quantum technologies and devices
Experimental characterization of RF-SQUIDs based Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier exploiting Resonant Phase Matching scheme
No full textIn this contribution, we will present recent advances on Josephson Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifiers (JTWPAs) developed and tested in INRiM within the DARTWARS (Detector Array Readout with Traveling Wave AmplifieRS) project. JTWPAs are engineered metamaterials composed of a repetition of several hundreds of Josephson junctions embedded in a superconducting coplanar waveguide. The Josephson junctions confer to the material a non-linear behavior and promote a medium-mediated energy exchange, known as parametric down-conversion, between a strong propagating microwave tone and a couple of energy-preserving weak tones, called respectively signal and idler. This working principle makes the JTWPAs both an important tool for the quantum-limited broadband microwave amplification and for the emission of non-classical microwave radiation, being the signal and idler tones composed by entangled photons, exploitable in a wide variety of quantum sensing techniques (i.e., quantum illumination, quantum key distribution, etc.).
In particular, we will present the architecture of an Al/Al-Ox/Al rf-SQUID-based JTWPA equipped with a resonant phase matching scheme, designed using finite element electromagnetic simulations in order to mitigate some typical unwanted effects like energy dissipation in higher-harmonics, internal reflections due to impedance mismatch and generation of slot line modes. The performance of this device, measured in a dilution refrigerator, will be quantified in terms of gain, bandwidth, and saturation power, while the signature of the emission of non-classical radiation will be detected employing IQ voltage quadratures correlation measurements
Potential Use of Marine Compounds to Modulate the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System
Get PDFThe Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) is a major intracellular protein degradation system, highly conserved throughout life kingdoms, where the proteasome is the core. Due to its enhanced or inhibited activity, dysregulation of the UPS has undoubtedly been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer and neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, given its crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and protein quality control, targeting the different UPS components has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we shortly review the capability of marine-derived compounds as novel modulators of the proteasome under their peculiar features, making them attractive for future therapeutic applications. Marine compounds present in disparate organisms inhabiting oceans exhibit different biological activities and often possess specific proteasome-modulating properties. Currently, dozens of newly isolated marine-derived compounds have shown the ability to modulate proteasome activity at very low concentrations (e.g., nano- to the micro-molar range), pointing out their superior potency and efficacy and envisaging a potential future use in the clinic. Nowadays, the marine environment has represented a fruitful “spring” for identifying different unique metabolites, and to several extents, arguably, it still holds overwhelming scientific wonders to modulate the UPS
Characterisation of furnace thermal effects on the reproducibility of high-temperature fixed-point cells. The INRiM contribution in the framework of the WP1 of the EMPIR project 18SIB02 "Realising the redefined kelvin” – (Real-K)
No full textThe primary scope of the EMPIR project 18SIB02 Real-K – “Realising the redefined kelvin”, has been those to turn the new kelvin redefinition and its associated Mise en Pratique into a real practice through different measurement techniques.
The aim of the Work Package 1 of this project was that of prepare, demonstrate and establish the future dissemination of the redefined kelvin, in the temperature range from 1300 K to 3000 K, by radiation thermometry.
This has been achieved by developing a number of high-temperature fixed points (HTFPs) to cover the whole temperature range above the freezing temperature of copper (the current highest fixed point of the International Temperature Scale (ITS-90).
Specifically, the thermodynamic temperatures of four new HTFPs, namely, Fe-C (1426 K), Pd-C (1765 K), Ru-C (2226 K) and WC-C (3020 K) had to be established with low uncertainty.
The main and more important aspect regarding the temperature uncertainties is those related to the sensitivity of such cells to thermal conditions during their implementation and the effect of changing these thermal conditions on the uncertainty in the determination of the temperature of their phase transition.
The INRiM radiation thermometry laboratory performed the characterization of the thermal effects on the reproducibility of Fe-C and Pd-C cells using its primary standard radiation thermometer and a three-zone high-temperature furnace equipped with a specific and characterised internal arrangement in order to obtain the needed longitudinal temperature gradients along the cells.
The output of this work, coordinated by NPL, is described in the following technical report. The report compares the results of the INRiM measurements with those of the other NMIs participating in this WP and provides a final uncertainty budget, related to the possible thermal effects induced by the different arrangements of the furnaces used, for all four HTFP
cells studied
ETSI GS QKD 016 V1.1.1 - Quantum Key Distribution (QKD); Common Criteria Protection Profile - Pair of Prepare and Measure Quantum Key Distribution Modules
Get PDFThe present document specifies a Protection Profile (PP) for the security evaluation of pairs of Quantum Key
Distribution (QKD) modules under the Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation (CC v3.1
rev5). The present document is applicable to a pair of QKD modules operating a prepare and measure QKD protocol that can form a complete QKD system when connected by an appropriate point-to-point QKD link. The PP specifies high-level requirements for the physical implementation through to the output of final secret keys
IS IT TIME FOR A NON-BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE OBSERVER?
No full textAdvanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) play a relevant role in compensating for human physical limitations and increasing road safety. Cameras and sensors (e.g., lidar) are crucial for a vehicle to sense and perceive road surroundings and act to increase driving safety. Thus, driving is no longer a human-only visual task. Camera systems have been developed over many decades with the human visual system as a reference, both as a technical basis (e.g., the choice of colour filter arrays) as well as the final application, providing an image to the driver. Increasingly, this reliance on the human visual system limits the development and performance of ADAS functionality, as the consumption of the images by a computer vision algorithm has distinctly different requirements than the human visual system. In this article, we detail these differing requirements with examples from automotive applications, to support the need for a new non-biological reference observer like the CIE photometric reference observer for colours
Skin Effect and Losses in Soft Magnetic Sheets: From Low Inductions to Magnetic Saturation
Get PDFHigh frequencies are ubiquitous in present-day power applications: most electrical equipment, like rotating machines, are supplied by pulsewidth modulation (PWM) switching inverters, often working at tens or hundreds of kilohertz. PWM is responsible for minor cycles along the major hysteresis loop of the magnetic core, lasting a few microseconds. Such minor loops can cause deep skin effects, even if the thinnest today available laminations (0.1-0.2 mm thick sheets) are used. Common mode currents in the megahertz range, flowing from the electrical machine windings to the machine chassis through capacitive effects, can engender strong electromagnetic disturbances and bearing damages. A correct prediction of high-frequency phenomena is necessary, for example, for the accurate calculation of common mode filters, requiring a magnetic model of the laminated cores suited to high frequencies and low induction values and the ensuing dramatic skin effect. For power conversion applications, such as embedded planar transformers, the mandatory reduction of volume and cross-sectional area of the core, often made of high-permeability grain-oriented (HGO) sheets, imposes the increase of the conversion frequency from a few hundred hertz to several kilohertz and high peak induction values. The skin effect in this case is affected by the non-linear saturable magnetic response of the material and its treatment requires non-trivial experimental methods and modeling approaches. In this work, we discuss physically based modeling of the magnetization process and energy loss in magnetic sheets at high frequencies. We focus first on the low induction regimes occurring in thin non-oriented (NO) Fe-Si laminations. We consider then the case of high inductions, as encountered in power conversion devices using NO, HGO, and Fe-Co alloys, where non-linear models, possibly validated by magneto-optical observations of the domain wall (dw) dynamics, are developed and implemented
