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Poggio contro l’«imperator barbarior barbarorum»: l’oratio secunda in Vallam
No full textIl saggio propone un’analisi della Secunda oratio di Poggio Bracciolini contro Lorenzo
Valla e si focalizza sulla struttura retorica del testo e le principali argomentazioni
presentate. Seguendo l’ordine logico dello scritto di Bracciolini e confrontandolo con
la replica valliana, il Secundum antidotum, si esaminano i punti di forza e le criticità del testo. Lo studio evidenzia la gravità delle imputazioni avanzate dall’umanista di
Terranuova, che si propone di far subire a Valla un nuovo processo per eresia
Bureaucracy, overload, and management: The determinants of teacher burnout
No full textBackground: While burnout in teachers is frequently studied in relation to personal resources and
individual obstacles, less attention has been given to social and systemic stressors. This study
investigates how various interpersonal, group, and community-related factors contribute to the
development of burnout symptoms in the teaching profession.
Methods: A quantitative design was adopted to explore the impact of 11 identified stressors on
teacher burnout. A sample of 274 Italian teachers (84.67% female; mean teaching experience = 17.99
years, SD = 10.21) completed a survey assessing stress levels and the Maslach Burnout Inventory –
General Survey (MBI-GS). The analysis focused on three dimensions of burnout: emotional
exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy.
Results: The findings revealed complex cause-effect relationships. Bureaucratic obligations,
overlapping stressors, difficulties in classroom management, and challenges during lesson delivery
emerged as the most significant predictors of the burnout subdimensions.
Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of adopting a systemic and social perspective in
the analysis of teacher burnout. A more comprehensive framework is needed to fully understand the
multifactorial nature of stress in the teaching profession and to develop effective intervention strategies
Supplemental Oxygen during Exercise Training in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
No full textIntroduction: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide and a debilitating condition that leads to years of poor quality of life. Physical exercise training is an evidence-based treatment well documented to improve these outcomes as well as morbidity, dyspnoea and functional capacity. Moreover, scientific evidence from pooled analyses currently provides equivocal evidence for oxygen supplementation to overcome ventilatory limitations during exercise training, with several studies reporting no additional benefits when compared with training in room air. However, when individually analyzing the underlying studies from an exercise physiology perspective, some critical aspects arise. Purpose: this review aims to systematically investigate and highlight the impact of patients’ characteristics, exercise induced desaturation, oxygen delivery, influence of breathing conditions during exercise testing and prescription, outcome-training specificity, exercise intensity and modality, as well as progressive work rate adjustments over the course of the training intervention. Methods: the research methodology is based on a literature search of the available evidence starting from the published systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and integrating available original articles from the respective reference lists. Results: although evidence is still limited, supplemental oxygen might be specifically useful for certain responding patients and in specific clinical conditions, when high-intensity training is performed, thereby increasing exercise tolerance in order to improve training adaptations and thus peak exercise capacity/endurance. Conclusions: future well-designed clinical trials may better implement these methodological training principles in their study design and investigate if advantages from normoxic and hyperoxic exercise training can be weighed, showing how, when and in which patients supplemental oxygen could be best used in order to reach predefined training goals in pulmonary rehabilitation
Boosting Brainpower in Ageing: Task-Specific and Transfer Effects of tDCS-Enhanced Working Memory Training
No full textBeyond the Frame: Catalysing Educational Reflection through Sebastião Salgado's Photographs
No full textThe ongoing digital transformation has led to a dramatic increase in the production and circulation of visual content. This overwhelming abundance of images often results in passive and superficial consumption, stripping them of depth and meaning. In response to this phenomenon, visual education should encourage students to slow down when viewing images, teaching them to interpret, reflect upon, and critically engage with them.
This contribution outlines a practical educational initiative for in-service teachers, highlighting the educational value of photography. Participants explored the artwork of Sebastião Salgado, focusing on his masterpiece “Genesis”, and discussed strategies for incorporating pictures into different educational settings.
The workshop followed a structured methodology based on the cooperative learning technique 'Think-Pair-Share', which teachers can easily replicate in their own classrooms. In the first stage, teachers observed a selected image individually and wrote personal captions for it. In the second stage, they discussed their interpretations in pairs. In the third stage, they expanded the discussion into small groups, leading to collective reflections on how such imagery could be used in the classroom. A plenary session then enabled each group to share their insights, thereby reinforcing the collaborative nature of the process.
A qualitative analysis of the follow-up questionnaire, which was administered approximately one year after the workshop, revealed various themes concerning the impact of the workshop on teaching practices. These themes included the value of photographs as physical objects, the effectiveness of using non-standardised, high-quality visual materials, and the effectiveness of a gradual, inclusive methodology to encourage reflection and learners’ participation.
The workshop demonstrated how photographic images can foster critical thinking, aesthetic appreciation, and interdisciplinary learning in an educational setting. Salgado’s work was recognised as an invaluable resource for raising awareness of urgent global issues and developing students’ visual literacy. Engaging with powerful photographic narratives in a slow, reflective, and collaborative manner enables educators to guide students towards meaningful and transformative learning experiences, rather than merely passive image consumption
Una prima sentenza sulle (controverse) "dimissioni per fatti concludenti" introdotte dalla legge n. 203 del 2024
No full textIl commento analizza una delle prime sentenze (Trib. Trento 5 giugno 2025, n. 87) relativa alla disciplina delle dimissioni presunte introdotta dall'art. 19 della legge n. 203 del 2024 (c.d. nuovo Collegato Lavoro)
Alla ricerca di alleati contro il turco: l'ambasciata di Boris Šeremetev a Malta (1698)
No full textIl saggio chiarisce il significato politico e culturale dell’ambasceria del boiardo Boris Šeremetev a Malta nel 1698. L’evento è analizzato nel contesto delle ampie e mutevoli dinamiche delle relazioni russo-europee e della strategia anti-ottomana di Pietro I, finalizzata a ottenere un sostegno concreto per la nascente flotta voluta dallo zar. Vengono approfonditi il ruolo dell’Ordine di Malta in questa circostanza e l’accoglienza riservata al primo dignitario russo che raggiunse l’arcipelago. Grazie al suo diario di viaggio, questo contributo mette in luce anche l’originale sguardo del boiardo sull’Europa del suo tempo
Le molte vite di una vita negata. A proposito di F. Puccio, In sacrificio. Il personaggio di Ifigenia tra teatro e cinema
No full textQuesto contributo si offre come recensione del recente volume di Francesco uccio, In sacrificio. Il personaggio di Ifigenia tra teatro e cinema (Tab Edizioni, Roma 2025), ripercorrendone i principali temi, gli spunti di riflessione su ematiche ancora attuali e alcune questioni metodologiche che paiono significative nell’ambito degli studi sulla ricezione del classico
