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From the Field to the Screen: A Scoping Review of Video Analysis as a Tool for Understanding Thigh Muscle-Tendon Injuries in Football
No full textObjective: Muscle-tendon injuries are critical setbacks in professional football, significantly affecting player availability and team performance. Understanding these injury mechanisms through video analysis is crucial for developing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies that enhance player welfare and optimize performance. This review aimed to synthesize data from articles that used video analysis to explore mechanisms of thigh muscle-tendon injuries in football. Data source: A comprehensive literature search was conducted from 2010 to 2025 using a scoping review methodology. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Quality Appraisal for Sports Injury Video Analysis Studies (QA-SIVAS) scale. Main results: The review of 10 studies identified that noncontact and indirect contact mechanisms are predominantly responsible for severe thigh muscle-tendon injuries in football. Common injury scenarios involved sprinting-induced strains and kicking actions, highlighting the significant role of eccentric loading and rapid biomechanical changes. Conclusions: Video analysis has emerged as a vital tool in sports medicine, providing deep insights into the complex mechanisms of thigh muscle-tendon injuries in football. The continuous improvement of analytical methods, including the adoption of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, is imperative for refining prevention and rehabilitation protocols
Una nuova forma di «auto-vincolo» all’esame del Parlamento: il «Piano strutturale di bilancio di medio termine»
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Stride Mechanics and Strength Analysis of Lower Limbs in Runners with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome vs. Asymptomatic Runners
No full textBackground: Street running has seen rapid growth due to its health benefits and accessibility,
leading to a simultaneous rise in running-related injuries, particularly among
recreational and professional street runners. Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS) is a
common injury affecting up to 15% of athletes and posing significant risks to runners of
all levels of participation. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the strength and
kinematic differences in the lower limbs of runners diagnosed with MTSS compared to
asymptomatic runners. Methods: A total of 56 participants were divided into an MTSS
group (27 runners) and a healthy control group (29 runners). Participants were evaluated
for demographics, physical activity level, pain threshold using algometry, and running kinematics
obtained through high-resolution 2D video analysis with Kinovea software. Lowerlimb
muscle strength was measured using an isometric Lafayette® digital dynamometer.
Results: Although there were no significant differences in age or anthropometric measures,
MTSS runners exhibited lower initial (Δ% = 10.6%, p = 0.002) and intermediate (Δ% = 8.7%,
p = 0.026) running speeds. Pain assessment revealed significant lower pain thresholds in the
MTSS group. Kinematic analysis identified greater foot-strike angles (left foot: Δ% = 31.9%,
p = 0.004; right foot: Δ% = 25.9%, p = 0.0049) at initial speeds in MTSS runners, while
other parameters like medial calcaneus rotation, push-off angles, and support time did
not differ significantly. Additionally, MTSS runners demonstrated reduced strength in
the quadriceps femoris (QF—Left QF: Δ% = −28.5%, p = 0.0049; Right QF: Δ% = −28.2%,
p = 0.003). Conclusions: MTSS appears to affect female and male runners. MTSS may be
attributed to a weaker quadriceps strength, higher heel contact angles during foot strike, or
both, suggesting that interventions focusing on the improvement of these factors may be
beneficial in preventing and treating MTSS
An Integrated Nutritional and Physical Activity Approach for Osteosarcopenia
No full textOsteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone strength, which leads to an increased risk of developing fractures. Interestingly, this metabolic disorder is often related to sarcopenia, defined as decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. These two conditions appear to be closely connected, leading to a clinical condition named osteosarcopenia (OS). Aging may explain the link between muscle and bone loss through genetic, mechanical, endocrine, and nutritional factors. Further, aging increases the amount of adipose tissue, often due to sedentary behavior and unbalanced nutritional pattern, leading to a clinical condition defined as osteosarcopenic obesity, characterized by concurrent obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis, where each condition exacerbates the others. Moreover, sarcopenia leads to decreased physical (PA) activity, worsening skeletal homeostasis, and creating a vicious cycle, which increases falls, fracture risk, and disability. This review underscores the importance of a systemic approach, focusing on nutritional therapy integrated with PA and, eventually, pharmacological interventions to efficiently manage (OS)
Outdoor Education e innovazione tecnologica, tra realtà aumentata e Intelligenza Artificiale
No full textHow the time and type of physical education lessons affect attention capacity and cortisol levels in primary school children
No full textLimited research has investigated the influence of different types of physical education (PE) lessons on cortisol (C) concentration and attention capacity in a school setting, particularly regarding circadian effects. This study aimed to: (i) compare the effect of a curricular PE lesson and a cognitively demanding PE lesson on C levels and attention capacity; (ii) evaluate the impact of the time of PE lessons (early morning vs. before lunch vs. after lunch) on these variables; (iii) explore the relationship between variations in C levels and attention capacity, assessing whether such variations differ according to time and type of PE lesson. A total of 111 children (9–11 years of age) randomly completed a curricular PE lesson and a cognitively demanding PE lesson of the same intensity (HR > 139 bpm) and duration (60 min). Saliva samples and d2 Test of attention were collected immediately before and immediately after each lesson to assess changes in C levels and attention capacity (total number of items processed, percentage of errors, concentration performance).Changes in total number of items processed and in concentration performance differed significantly between curricular and cognitively demanding PE lessons (39.7 ± 45.7 vs. 13.4 ± 46.4 and 16.0 ± 19.1 vs. 5.30 ± 35.0 score, respectively; p ≤ 0.05) with a medium effect size (ƞ2 = 0.06). Moreover, lesson timing significantly influenced changes in total number of items processed, concentration performance, and C levels with a medium effect size (ƞ2 = 0.06). Significant relationships were found between lesson time and changes in C levels, total number of items processed and concentration performance, in both types of lesson. Both curricular and cognitively demanding PE lessons improved attention and reduced C levels, with curricular PE lesson showing a greater impact on attentional performance. PE lesson time influenced cognitive improvements and C reduction, suggesting PE acts as a psychological distractor. However, attentional benefits were not directly related to C-level changes
Tackling Inventory Inaccuracy in Real Companies: a Literature Review to Understand the Errors and Root Causes
No full textIn the context of inventory management, it is essential to monitor stock levels by keeping track of both the data recorded in management systems (inventory record) and the physical stock in the warehouse (physical inventory). Ideally, these two values should match, as assumed in many studies on inventory management. However, in daily operations, discrepancies can arise between recorded data and physical stock, leading to the so-called issue of inventory record inaccuracy. Inventory inaccuracy can become so severe that 65% of companies’ inventories can experience discrepancies, undermining operational efficiency, storage costs, and service levels. Despite these consequences, many firms still neglect (or, even worse, accept) the inventory inaccuracy issue, dedicating little effort to its resolution and control. Among the main reasons for this lack of action, two literature gaps stand out. First, although several experimental studies have explored how to navigate the inventory inaccuracy problem in companies, an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the errors triggering inventory inaccuracy is missing. Second, before inventory inaccuracy can be effectively addressed, its root causes must be understood. Yet, although some analyses of inventory inaccuracy causes exist, the literature often mistakenly treats inventory inaccuracy errors as root causes when, instead, they are merely symptoms. Therefore, a state-of-the-art of the real root causes is still missing. Due to these gaps, companies risk responding only to surface-level issues without addressing the systemic factors behind inventory inaccuracy. This reactive approach allows this problem to persist over time, hindering its prevention. To bridge these gaps, this study presents a systematic literature analysis, examining both the main errors and the root causes of inventory inaccuracy. Ultimately, the contributions of this paper will help companies recognize the origins of inventory inaccuracy, encourage proactive action to fix this problem and improve warehouse performance