University of Southern Mississippi
Aquila Digital Community (University of Southern Mississippi, USM)Not a member yet
11361 research outputs found
Sort by
Historical Use of Libraries in Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment in the United Kingdom
Get PDFIn the 19th and 20th centuries, libraries were a common amenity in psychiatric hospitals, particularly private ones. This paper sheds new light on the history of these libraries in inpatient psychiatric treatment centers. The prevailing medical philosophy held that occupation and moderate intellectual stimulation were important for recovery, a mode of thought culminating in the 20th century bibliotherapy movement. This is not a clinical study, and it assumes no stance on the therapeutic value of reading. Instead, it is a historical study of libraries in inpatient psychiatric centers: how these libraries were curated; how patient libraries, throughout their history, responded to concerns about content and censorship; and the role gender and class play in the way materials were made available to patients
Teen Programming on Virginia Public Library Websites
Get PDFcommunities they serve. As such, teen programs offer an assorted range of experiences tailored to the interests and needs of the local teen population. The state of Virginia, with a diverse geographical landscape, presents a unique case study from which teen programming can be examined. This study examined teen programming in public libraries across six different public library regions, as recognized by the Virginia Library Association (VLA) (The Library of Virginia [LVA], n.d.). Exploring these regional variations revealed valuable insights into how public libraries effectively adapt teen services as well as how these services can be enhanced to empower teens across the state. The purpose of this webometric study was to examine the websites of public library systems in the state of Virginia to identify the most common categories of programs offered, understand how program offerings vary across different library regions, and investigate the relationship between the presence of a dedicated teen webpage and the number of teen programs
Investigating Nekton Response to Changing Salinities in the Mississippi Sound: An Experimental and Statistical Approach
Get PDFThe Mississippi Sound provides nursery habitats for many coastal species and is recognized for its commercial fisheries. Previous freshening events linked to the Bonnet Carré Spillway, a Mississippi River flood diversion structure, proved catastrophic for oyster populations in the Mississippi Sound, but effects on mobile fish and shellfish species are not well-defined. The planned Mid-Breton Sediment Diversion (MBSD), an initiative to combat wetland loss, is also forecasted to lower salinities in the region, increasing the need to better understand responses of commercially and ecologically important species to freshening events. The objective of this study was to characterize effects of salinity and temperature on nekton under average conditions and during freshening events. Laboratory-based experiments were used to quantify survival, biomass change, and caloric content of grass shrimp (Palaemon spp.), an important prey species, under different combinations of salinity and temperature. Salinities between 2-20 and a temperature of 26°C were optimal for grass shrimp, and survival results were used to construct salinity response curves in an ecosystem model. Secondly, field survey data were analyzed using PCA, NMDS, and a negative binomial GLM to investigate how salinity and temperature influence the abundance of blue crab, Atlantic croaker, bay anchovy, and brown and white shrimp. Results varied by species, with some likely benefiting from prolonged freshenings and others exhibiting more complex relationships with salinity and temperature, indicating a need to better understand these interactions. Ultimately, this provides insight on the potential responses of multiple mobile species to future freshening events in the Mississippi Sound
Thermal Modeling of Cooling Time of Submarine Dacite Lapilli Tuff: Brothers Volcano, Kermadec Arc
Get PDFLittle is known about submarine volcanoes\u27 eruptive histories and styles, even though they are essential to developing island arc systems and represent the second largest volcanic systems on Earth. Scientific drilling allows for the opportunity to study these systems. This study focused on two drill sites on Brothers volcano from IODP Expedition 376: Site U1528, located on the resurgent cone, and Site U1530, located on the caldera rim. Expedition researchers analyzed samples for clast radius, density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat. This data was then entered into the heat transfer equation of a sphere to create a cooling curve model of a lapilli dacite clast from its initial eruption temperature to the Curie temperature of magnetite to compare to the acquisition of the paleomagnetic remanent vector to test modes of eruption style.
The model was created using three initial temperatures: 800℃, 900℃, and 1000°C, and a clast radius between 2 and 32 mm. The model shows that below 2 mm, the clast cools instantly, and starting at 6 mm, the clast cools below the Curie temperature at a rate of approximately 10 seconds for every increase of 100°C in eruption temperature.
While physical observations of whole rock samples indicate brecciation, earlier paleomagnetic work proves coherent primary magnetization with the same inclination of the Geocentric Axial Dipole, suggesting deposition during a single eruption. The combined observations can be explained as a two-step process through a phreatomagmatic eruption approximately 200m below the ocean’s surface and deposition through a boil-over pyroclastic current
Soldiers in the Sideshows: The 409th Infantry Regiment in World War II
Get PDFIn the European Theater of World War II certain battlefields or campaigns such as Operation Overlord, Operation Market Garden, and the Battle of the Bulge are core aspects of American memory. However, the men of the 409th Infantry Regiment of the 103rd Infantry Division do not fall into this image. This unit fought as part of the U.S. Seventh Army across eastern France through the Vosges Mountains, defended against the German Operation Nordwind and broke through the Siegfried Line into southeastern Germany. Though the 409th represents a small portion of the men of the 103rd, the experiences of the men of the 409th serve as examples of what war was like on the margins of World War II.
Furthermore, the composition of the unit sheds light on the manpower issues faced by the U.S. Army in the latter half of the Second World War. The 409th consisted of young draftees barely out of high school, older men who had been overlooked for service due to their age, and members of canceled training programs such as the Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP) and the Army Air Corps Cadet Program. These men were cobbled together throughout 1943 and 1944 when the 103rd Infantry Division, which had previously been an organized reserve unit, was activated for service and received combat training. This thesis utilizes personal accounts and unit documents to reveal the training, combat, and POW experiences of members of an infantry regiment which fought in the lesser-known regions of the European Theater
Modeling Hourly Storm Surges using Deep Learning Techniques
No full textStorm surges cause coastal flooding, one of the most devastating coastal hazards. Accurate modeling of storm surges is essential for predicting and mitigating these impacts. Traditional approaches model surges at individual tide gauges and often focus on daily time scales, leading to data redundancy and limiting their ability to capture sub-daily variability. This study addresses these limitations using deep learning (DL) algorithms to model hourly surges simultaneously at multiple tide gauges along the U.S. East Coast and Gulf of Mexico. Three algorithms, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and a hybrid ConvLSTM are employed to model surges using atmospheric variables (e.g., sea level pressure and winds) as predictors. ConvLSTM outperforms the others in predicting the overall variability of surges, extreme surge events, and statistical attributes of extreme surge hydrographs. The model’s efficiency is comparable to that of existing data-driven and hydrodynamic models in reproducing surges. The study also applies DL models to project future changes in storm surge statistics, using predictor variables from the GFDL-ESM4 global climate model (GCM) under two climate scenarios. In general, there will be increases in the mean and extreme surges at some TGs, whereas the others will experience a reduction. However, it is difficult to draw robust conclusive remarks on the future changes in storm surges as the study considers only one GCM. Therefore, considering more GCMs to cover the whole range of uncertainty and computing the uncertainty in the future changes of storm surge statistics is crucial and proposed as a future extension of this research
Academic Nurse Leaders’ Application of Bolman and Deal’s Leadership Orientation Framework
Get PDFWhile Academic Nurse Leaders (ANLs) are vital to the functioning and quality of nursing programs in academic settings, many enter their roles with limited or no prior academic leadership and management experience. The inadequate preparation and development of ANLs remains a critical concern. For this reason, ANLs positions can be challenging and hard to fill. Although ANLs can hold various titles and positions across different academic institutions, this study specifically focuses on Deans, Directors, and Department Chairs working in the New York State area. Bolman and Deal’s (2021) four-frame model of leadership offers a framework that can be used to understand the leadership values that ANLs prioritize. This leadership framework uses four distinct leadership frames (structural, human resource, political, and symbolic) to describe the mental models of leaders and managers within organizations. Bolman and Deal’s (2021) four-frame model of leadership can assist ANLs in navigating their roles, responsibilities, and decision-making processes within colleges and universities. This descriptive quantitative study used Bolman and Deal’s (1990) Leadership Orientations Instrument-Self to identify the primary leadership frame used by ANLs. Additionally, this study examined the percentage of ANLs that rate their overall effectiveness in the bottom 20%, middle 20%, and top 20% of leaders and managers know with comparable experience. Understanding how ANLs reflect on their own effectiveness can offer valuable insight for role development. A Qualtrics® survey was sent to 131 ANLs in the New York State area. 61 responded, and 53 completed the entire survey, forming the basis of the data analysis. Study findings revealed that ANLs primarily use the human resource frame in their leadership practices and rate their leadership and managerial effectiveness highly. ANLs rated their overall leadership effectiveness slightly higher than their managerial effectiveness. Future studies can focus on investigating if ANLs apply a multi-frame approach to leadership. Longitudinal studies can be conducted to investigate if ANLs primary leadership frame changes over time, and studies can be done at the national level to diversify the participant pool
Utilization of Quantitative Monitoring to Promptly Detect and Reduce the Occurrence of Residual Paralysis in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit
Get PDFObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational workshop using an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) on quantitative neuromuscular monitoring. The goal was to improve the knowledge and skills among certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) and student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNAs) in identifying residual paralysis. The specific aim was to determine the effectiveness of quantitative monitoring in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).
Background: Residual paralysis following the administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) is a significant postoperative complication. Neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBD) facilitate airway management and manipulation of surgical fields. Quantitative monitoring can be crucial in early detection and prevention of residual paralysis.
Methods: A workshop assessed participants\u27 understanding of neuromuscular blockade, quantitative monitoring, and the ability to differentiate between residual paralysis and other causes of respiratory depression. A literature review was conducted prior to the workshop. Pre- and post-test assessments were administered to measure knowledge acquisition.
Results: A significant mean-score increase was observed between pre-and post-tests, indicating improved knowledge and skills in quantitative neuromuscular monitoring. Participants demonstrated an enhanced understanding of key concepts, including the proper placement of electrodes, the significance of TOF ratios, and the appropriate use of reversal agents. Overall, the participants agreed that the workshop was beneficial.
Conclusion: The OSCE-based workshop effectively improved participants\u27 knowledge and skills in quantitative neuromuscular monitoring. Implementing such educational initiatives can contribute to safer patient care by reducing the incidence of residual paralysis and associated complications
Libraries on the Inside: A Study of Public Library Outreach to Correctional Institutions
Get PDFIn 1911, the American Library Association (ALA) formed its first committee on prison libraries. While this committee opened the door to important conversations on correctional libraries, the ALA did not actively become involved in correctional systems until 1944, when the Objectives and Standards for Libraries in Adult Prisons and Reformatories were approved (Austin, 2019). The real catalyst for creating nationwide libraries for the incarcerated came in 1971, when “Congress passed the Law Enforcement Administration Act, which funded prison law libraries and provided budgets for other reading materials” (Sullivan, 2000, p. 57). This led to what was coined the “golden age of prison libraries” in the 1970s. Since then, many studies and personal anecdotes have been published on librarians’ views of their role within a corrections facility. These vital conversations continue today as the ALA rewrites its guidelines for services to incarcerated individuals throughout 2023. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the websites of a sample of libraries across the U.S. to determine their relationships with local correctional facilities. This study will continue the work of a study published by the American Library Association in 1980 regarding services offered to correctional institutions across the country