Archivio della ricerca della Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
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The Participation of Private Stakeholders in International Tourism Governance
No full textTourism represents a major sector of the global economy, generating around 10% of
global GDP and facilitating cultural exchange, while also producing environmental
degradation, cultural commodification, and unequal economic benefits. Despite its
transboundary relevance, the governance of tourism has received limited attention in
the law of international organizations. This paper examines the role of UN Tourism, a
UN specialized agency, in coordinating global tourism regulation and integrating
private stakeholders. Through its affiliate membership system, UN Tourism formally
incorporates companies, industry associations, academic institutions, and civil society
groups, though commercial actors often dominate decision-making. Case studies
of partnerships with UNESCO, ICAO, UNEP, the African Union, and the European
Union reveal how private interests shape initiatives on sustainability, digital transformation,
and heritage protection. The paper concludes that while UN Tourism
promotes inclusivity and sustainable development, its governance structure privileges
market driven actors, risking the reproduction of global inequalities under a
sustainability narrative
The relationship between board quality and performance feedback in driving social performance
No full textDelayed miR-199a Administration After Myocardial Infarction Precludes Pro-Regenerative Effects
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Exploring the Role of Green Training on Organizational Resilience: A Multisectoral European Analysis
No full textThe double transition paradigm has imposed to redefine the rules to compete. The demand for green skills, driven by European policy targets, currently outpaces the supply available in the labor market. This study surveys European companies across multiple sectors to assess the role of green training, a key element of green human resource management, in bridging this gap. Additionally, it evaluates the influence of green training on the internal work climate and the firms' green reputation and performance. The results indicate a positive impact of green training on the internal working climate and through it on the green reputation and performance of firms involved in the survey, encouraging its adoption in their strategies. The final goal is the definition of the role of green training both from an academic and practical point of view in addressing the challenges imposed by the increasingly turbulent environment building long- lasting resilience of companies
Addressing optical modulator non-linearities for photonic neural networks
No full textWithin the context of neuromorphic computing, analog photonics, especially after the advent of photonic integrated technologies, offers unparalleled computing speeds per core, and the reduction of size and power consumption compared to digital electronics. However, the functionality of analog systems is limited by noise and non-linear distortions, which degrade signal resolution. Here, a method is presented for analyzing and minimizing the effect of non-linearities associated with the optical power transfer function of a generic modulator, to inform choices of design and operation conditions. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer, micro-ring modulator, and ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer are compared using this method. The analysis is applied to compare three analog photonic processor architectures for machine learning applications, based on wavelength, space, and time division multiplexing. Our results indicate that despite the lower maximum resolution exhibited by Mach-Zehnder interferometers, they are the most balanced choice for space and time division multiplexing architectures due to stability and power consumption
Technoethics and Situated Cognition: The Case of Exoskeletons
No full textAbstract: The paper presents a theoretical and ethical framework capable of describing the effects that exoskeletons (i.e., an emerging type of wearable technology) can have on users, especially on their embodiment. After an introductory framework, in section two we explain what exoskeletons are, focusing on occupational – or industrial – exoskeletons. Thus, we introduce and discuss the major opportunities and threats these technologies present from an ethical point of view, especially in the occupational sector. In section three, we further deepen the ethical challenges of exoskeletons, especially whether these technologies are morally acceptable or simply individually accepted, by relying on the theories of situated cognition and affectivity, which we integrate by introducing the concept of body invasion, derived from Slaby’s mind invasion. By changing the embodiment of workers, wearable technologies such as exoskeletons might impose cognitive and affective repertoires that might go against the fulfilment of goals the user would otherwise choose for herself. Finally, we show why iterative design is not enough to address the ethical challenges posed by exoskeletons, especially when individual acceptance and moral acceptability are conflated
Relative efficacy of tafamidis, acoramidis, patisiran and vutrisiran in patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: a network meta-analysis.
No full textMuscle Network Analysis of a Dynamic Bilateral Task with an Upper Limb Exoskeleton
No full textThe coordination between muscles during the execution of a bilateral task can be analyzed by recurring to functional muscle networks, which indicates how human muscles are mutually synchronized - i.e., share an oscillatory common input - during the motor task. So far, no studies have studied the impact of an assistive exoskeleton on the neural substrates of human muscles. This work addresses this question by extracting functional muscle networks of healthy individuals during the execution of a bilateral dynamic task without and with the support of a shoulder exoskeleton. The outcomes have revealed a global stationarity of these networks, together with a slight change of synergies' shape, reflecting how the employed assistive device can change physiological patterns from both temporal and frequency domains. Despite the limited sample size, the authors claim the potential of functional connectivity analysis as an additional tool for the evaluation of inter-muscular coordination for such clinical purposes as rehabilitation robotics