Archivio della ricerca della Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
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Le poco esplorate liasons dangereuses tra AI Act e Direttiva CDSM (2019/790/UE sul diritto d'autore nel mercato unico digitale)
No full textChlorin e6‐Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Targeted by Angiopep‐2: Advancing Photodynamic Therapy in Glioblastoma
No full textGlioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor known for its resistance to standard treatments. Despite surgery being a primary option, it often leads to incomplete removal and high recurrence rates. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds promise as an adjunctive treatment, but safety concerns and the need for high-power lasers have limited its widespread use. This research addresses these challenges by introducing a novel PDT approach, using chlorin e6 (Ce6) enclosed in nanostructured lipid carriers (Ang-Ce6-NLCs) and targeted to GBM with the angiopep-2 peptide. Remarkably, a single 5-min irradiation session with LEDs at 660 nm and low power density (10 mW cm−2) proves effective against GBM, while reducing safety risks associated with high-power lasers. Encapsulation improves Ce6 stability and performance in physiological environments, while angiopep-2 targeting enhances delivery to GBM cells, maximizing treatment efficacy and minimizing off-target effects. The findings demonstrate that Ang-Ce6-NLCs-mediated PDT brings about a significant reduction in GBM cell viability, increases oxidative stress, reduces tumor migration, and enhances apoptosis. Overall, such treatment holds potential as a safe and efficient intraoperative removal of GBM infiltrating cells that cannot be reached by surgery, using low-power LED light to minimize harm to surrounding healthy tissue while maximizing tumor treatment
A web-based training simulator of clinical hyperbaric chamber
Get PDFThis work describes an innovative simulator for clinical hyperbaric chambers that addresses critical training gaps in hyperbaric medicine. The system provides medical and technical personnel with a risk-free environment to develop essential operational skills without endangering patients or costly equipment. The simulator employs a dual-module architecture with web-based accessibility, intuitive controls for realistic chamber operation, and robust administrative capabilities. To evaluate the effectiveness of the simulator in the training process, we conducted a pilot study with clinical professionals. This study demonstrated significant improvements in procedural proficiency and emergency response capabilities, with participants showing measurable skill enhancement after simulator-based training sessions. The preliminary quantitative assessments revealed high educational value of proposed simulation software. This technological advancement represents a substantial contribution to hyperbaric medicine education, supporting both initial training and ongoing competency maintenance for clinical and technical operators in this specialized medical field
Clinical translation of mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic heart failure: Challenges and future perspectives
Get PDFMyocardial infarction (MI) with resulting congestive heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current therapies for treating MI, such as devices, traditional medicine, and surgeries, come with many limitations as patients in their final stages of heart failure have little chances of experiencing any reversible changes. In recent decades, Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based therapy has become one of the most popular and rapidly developing fields in treating MI. Their supremacy for clinical applications is partially due to their unique properties and encouraging pre-clinical outcomes in various animal disease models. However, the majority of clinical trials registered for MSC therapy for diverse human diseases, including MI, have fallen short of expectations. This review intends to discuss the recent advances in the clinical application of using MSCs for cardiac repair and discuss challenges facing the clinical translation of MSCs for cardiac regeneration such as restoration of endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk, immunomodulation and immune rejection, poor homing and migration, as well as low retention and survival. Furthermore, we will discuss recent strategies being investigated to help overcome some of these challenges
China’s new knowledge brokers. A patent citations network analysis of the artificial intelligence open innovation ecosystem
No full textWearable sensors for measuring spontaneous upper limb use in children with unilateral cerebral palsy and typical development
Get PDFBackground: Unilateral Cerebral Palsy (UCP) is a clinical condition which mainly involves the movement and muscle tone of one side of the body, often impacting the general manual function. While there are some clinical assessment tools aimed to quantify the Upper Limbs (UpLs) use and the manual abilities, acquiring information regarding the motor abilities outside the clinical environment, such as the UpLs use and their asymmetry during daily life, could provide a more complete evaluation of the child and open a new clinical reasoning. For this purpose, wearable sensors are one of the newest approaches for continuously monitoring UpLs functions without being invasive. The aim of this study was to use wearable sensors to compare spontaneous/daily UpLs usage and asymmetry with the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) test, as well as comparing the daily UpLs usage behavior of children with UCP with respect to Typical Developing (TD) peers. Methods: Eighty children (54 with UCP and 26 TD) wore an Actigraph sensor on each wrist during the AHA test and then at least for the following week of daily life. The amount of use of each hand and the asymmetry were analyzed during both the AHA and the following week of daily life using linear regression analysis and ANOVA models. Results: Significant relationships were found between the asymmetry detected during the week and both the AHA scores and the asymmetry detected during the test. UCP and TD children week asymmetry distributions were significantly different; moreover, some differences were found when grouping them by MACS levels. Conclusion: This paper proposes a new and easy technological methodology for monitoring UpLs behavior in daily life. Through wearable sensor data analysis, we demonstrate a linear correlation between asymmetry measured during smi-structured assessments and daily life. Additionally, we provide evidence of distinct patterns of UpLs usage between typically developing children and children with UCP in daily life. Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03054441)
Evaluation of a Haptic-Actuated Glove for Remote Human Robot-Interaction (HRI): A Proof of Concept Poster
No full textTraditional teleoperation systems rely primarily on visual feedback, often via virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays, which may be insufficient
in complex or dynamic environments, increasing the risk of collisions. Thus, haptic feedback was investigated to enhance Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) teleoperation by improving obstacle detection. The haptic feedback was provided to the operator using a glove equipped with two motors that gave tactile cues based on obstacle proximity. Thus, the glove applied low torques to the operator’s hand. Therefore, an experiment was conducted on 30 participants to observe the effect of the haptic-actuated glove. So, a dataset was gathered, and different metrics were computed from the data to evaluate participants’ awareness, control precision, and responsiveness. Hence, the results proved the advantages of controlling mobile robots in complex environments for high-precision applications, such as hazardous material handling, exploration, search, and rescue.
Poster presented at the Event named European Robotic Forum 2025 (ERF2025)
Melatonin improves the postharvest life of cut ruscus foliage after a long storage condition
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the effects of various pulse treatments on the postharvest longevity and physiological quality of cut Danae racemosa branches. The cut foliage was treated with deionised water (CTRL), 10 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), 100 μM melatonin (MEL), 300 μM 5-aminolevulinic acid (AA), 300 μM ascorbic acid (VIT C), and 300 μM tocopherol (VIT E) for 24 h. The foliage was then subjected to simulated refrigerated transport (four weeks, at 6–8 °C in the dark) and retail conditions for up to 30 d (photoperiod: 12 h light/dark, light intensity: 50 μmol m−2 s−1, temperature: 20–24 °C). Measurements included the water uptake rate, weight change, vase life, chlorophyll a fluorescence, colour index, chlorophyll content, ethylene production, and hormone balance. The results showed that TDZ or MEL treatments improved the water balance, delayed senescence, and enhanced photosynthetic efficiency, with higher chlorophyll concentration (1.3–1.6 g kg−1 FW) and avoided ethylene increase (0.2–0.3 pL kg−1 h−1). Hormonal analysis revealed a decrease in ABA and an increase in cytokinin content in MEL-treated branches, indicating the role of MEL in modulating hormonal balance to extend vase life. These findings indicate that MEL is an effective postharvest treatment for preserving the visual and physiological quality of cut foliage, comparable to the well-established benefits of the TDZ