Archivio della ricerca della Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
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Sustainable hydrogels from slaughterhouse waste: Vitreous humor for tissue engineering applications
No full textBioprocessing of slaughterhouse waste has paved the way for sustainable tissue engineering approaches that align with circular economy principles. Recent research demonstrates that efficient waste management across the entire food system can repurpose discarded tissues to extract bioactive molecules, tissue/organ templates, and biphasic materials. Hydrogels are notable examples of such materials, consisting of a unique porous network of biological macromolecules and liquid components. This architecture allows them to retain water while preserving their structural integrity and mechanical properties. The vitreous humor (VH) represents a compelling case within this paradigm. This perspective review explores the potential of animal-derived VH as a biomaterial for therapeutic applications by outlining its key structural and functional characteristics and examining its upcycling into functional hydrogels. The review then evaluates the biophysical properties of this gel obtained from both conventional (bovine, ovine, porcine, and caprine) and exotic (camelid) animal sources. Insights from the literature suggest that VH-based hydrogels show promise for various applications in additive manufacturing and regenerative medicine. Finally, the review identifies critical gaps in the research and challenges that must be addressed to facilitate the clinical translation of VH-derived biomaterials
Le prospettive di sviluppo della responsabilità degli enti nel diritto penale economico dei diritti umani
No full textThis paper investigates the function and characteristics of criminal law, and more broadly, punitive law, within the context of transnational due diligence laws (TDDLs). Following an exposition of the TDDL framework— which also underpins the European Directive on corporate sustainability due diligence (CSDDD)—the analysis examines the specific paradigm of corporate criminal liability adopted by these legislative instruments. Particular emphasis is placed on the "failure to prevent" model and its potential applications within global value chains. The study concludes with an assessment of how the European directive may be integrated into domestic legal systems, with particular regard to existing statutory frameworks governing corporate criminal liability
L’integrazione dell’approccio One Health nei sistemi alimentari: profili normativi su benessere animale, etichettatura nutrizionale front of pack ed etichettatura di sostenibilità
No full textUnlocking the black box of plant biostimulants
No full textOver the recent years, plant biostimulants have shifted from the margins of agricultural innovation to the forefront of global discussions towards sustainable crop production models. Despite their growing popularity and commercial relevance, key questions persist regarding their actual effects on plants, the validation of their claimed benefits, and the identification of reliable metrics to assess their impact. This editorial aspires to navigate through the definitions, scientific evidence, and regulatory frameworks shaping the current and future landscape of biostimulants. Building on this foundation, the present article reflects on the broader scientific discussion initiated during the ISHS HortForum on plant biostimulants, aiming to distil key conceptual and methodological challenges in the field. An integrated perspective on how biostimulants can be more effectively studied, functionally categorized, and applied in modern agriculture from a range of perspectives is discussed. This analysis provides a critical synthesis of current scientific thinking. It highlights key research priorities, particularly concerning mechanisms of action, quantifiable effects, and the role of biostimulants in promoting resilient, sustainable cropping systems
To MILP or not to MILP? On AI techniques for the design and optimization of real-time systems
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly relevant in many contexts. In embedded real-time systems, most of the previous research has focused on real-time guarantees for AI workloads (RT-for-AI). Instead, this position paper discusses the potential benefits and application cases of the complementary direction of using AI to optimize real-time systems themselves (AI-for-RT). It presents a vision where AI techniques, such as supervised and reinforcement learning, support system design and online configuration activities that are traditionally addressed using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) or heuristic methods. The paper discusses scenarios where AI can potentially outperform classical techniques—such as recursive real-time analysis, systems with complex hardware/software interactions, and dynamic resource management—highlighting the promise of AI in both design-time and runtime real-time systems optimization. Solutions are left to future work: the goal is to populate the “Roadmap Towards Learning-Enabled and Learning-Assisted Real-Time Systems”, which is the target of this special issue
The Virtuous Patient: Cultivating Character Amidst Adversity
No full textDespite the significance of suffering, illness, and disability, for long time little attention has been devoted to the moral flourishing of individuals living with chronic diseases. Instead, philosophers have primarily focus on examining healthcare providers’ virtues as well as those traits that are relevant to patient-caregiver relationships. This work aims to prioritize patients’ experiences, exploring the compatibility between illness and individual moral progress, while also identifying virtues that can help them in coping with their condition and enhancing their overall well-being. In summary, the book offers a nuanced understanding of the role of character in fostering functional coping and positive adaptation and promoting “illfullness”, the flourishing of the sick person amidst their illness
Untangling Companies' Engagement With Biodiversity: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda
No full text‘Turning the Page’? The 2024 UK General Elections and First Implications of Labour's Landslide Victory
Get PDFThe party politics of the digital transformation: insights from the Italian case
Get PDFDigital transformation has become an increasingly important policy concern for European decision-makers, though its prominence in political debate remains uncertain. Existing literature on the salience of this issue presents conflicting findings, attributing variation either to the peripheral role of political actors or to their ideological orientations. This article contributes to this body of research by offering new insights into the dynamics of issue salience within the Italian party system over the past decade. Drawing on a content analysis of party manifestos from the 2013, 2018, and 2022 elections, we demonstrate that parties’ ideological positions play a significant role in shaping the extent to which they highlight digital transformation. Emphasis on this issue is typically associated with principles of cultural progressivism and aligned either with market liberalism or social democratic welfarism. The Five Star Movement was the first to bring digital transformation onto the political agenda, spurring engagement from the Democratic Party and smaller centrist parties. Finally, a complementary qualitative analysis of the manifesto excerpts used in the content analysis reveals distinct framing differences between the centre-right and centre-left. While centre-right parties tend to frame digital transformation primarily as a tool for streamlining public administration, centre-left parties emphasize its potential to expand access to new enabling public services