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Improving the geotextile filter design criteria for internally unstable cohesionless soils
No full text(t,r)-Broadcast Domination in graphs
No full textThis paper explores a recently introduced graph problem called (t,r)- Broadcast Domination . In this problem, a set of “broadcasting” towers transmit a signal of initial strength t. This signal’s strength decreases linearly along the edges. The objective is to find the smallest set of broadcasting towers such that every vertex in the graph receives a cumulative signal strength of at least r. The (t,r)- Broadcast Domination problem, which generalizes the concept of distance domination, has been recently introduced and studied in a few specific class of graphs, like grids and lattices. However, the (t,r)- Broadcast Domination problem has not been studied for general graphs. We present the first study of the complexity of this problem in general graphs, including a general approximation algorithm and optimal polynomial-time algorithms for cographs. We also provide an algorithm parameterized by the neighborhood diversity of the input graph and an algorithm parameterized by modular-width and the solution size
Fast solution of a phase-field model of pitting corrosion
No full textExcessive computational times represent a major challenge in the solution of corrosion models, limiting their practical applicability, e.g., as a support to predictive maintenance. In this paper, we propose an efficient strategy for solving a phase-field model for metal corrosion. Based on the Kronecker structure of the diffusion matrix in classical finite difference approximations on rectangular domains, time-stepping IMEX methods are efficiently solved in matrix form. However, when the domain is non-rectangular, the lack of the Kronecker structure prevents the direct use of the matrix-based approach. To address this issue, we reformulate the problem on an extended rectangular domain and introduce suitable iterative IMEX methods. The convergence of the iterations and the propagation of the numerical errors are analyzed. Test cases on two and three dimensional domains show that the proposed approach achieves accuracy comparable to existing methods, while significantly reducing the computational time, to the point of allowing actual predictions on standard workstations
Coarsening kinetics in one-dimensional spin systems with long-range interactions: from voter to Ising
No full textStoria del teatro. Scena e spettacolo in Occidente
No full textIl volume, nella sua seconda edizione, coglie il senso specifico delle singole testimonianze monumentali e documentali dello spettacolo occidentale in relazione all’ambito sociale e civile di produzione, interpretandone i caratteri alla luce della temperie culturale e artistica d’origine per meglio comprendere le valenze dei loro significati. Rispetto alla rima edizione è stata aggiunta la rubrica “Teatro sulla scena dell’oggi” allo scopo di evidenziare l’attenzione dei contemporanei e l’attualità della fortuna scenica dei testi del passato. Tutti i capitoli sono stati rivisti e aggiornati insieme alla sezione on line My Lab (che permette approfondimenti tematici e la visione di frammenti video). È stato, inoltre, aggiunto un paragrafo finale relativo alle principali esperienze del teatro italiano comprese tra Postavanguardia e Nuova Spettacolarità al fine di segnalare un momento in cui la scena si arricchisce di linguaggi diversificati attinti dalla contemporaneità alla ricerca di uno sguardo “altro”
Acute Leukemia (LAML) and Artificial Intelligence: Pre-dictive Technologies for Prognosis, Recurrence and Re-sponse to Treatment
No full textThis study focuses on the integration of clinical, genomic, and epigenomic data to develop advanced predictive models for risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a hematological disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of immature cells, with genetic mutations and chromosomal alterations that influence prognosis and treatment. The primary aim of the project is to enhance the prediction of survival, therapeutic response, and relapse likelihood using an innovative approach based on machine learning and the integration of multiple data sources, including RNA-seq, DNA methylation, and genetic mutations. The work explores various data fusion techniques, including early and late fusion, as well as the use of explainability methods such as SHAP and Grad-CAM to improve transparency and reliability of clinical decision-making. The data comes from five datasets within the TCGA-AML project, which include clinical, gene expression, and mutation information. The proposed multimodal approach aims to develop robust, personalized, and biologically interpretable predictive models, with the goal of optimizing treatments and reducing the risk of relapse. This approach could have implications not only for AML but also for other types of leukemia and cancers, enhancing the overall management and prognosis of oncology patients
Oncostatin M upregulates CD73 via the MAPK pathway in keratinocytes to promote an adenosine-dependent anti-inflammatory response in psoriasis
No full textIntroduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition driven by activated epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and immune cell infiltrates, which causes tissue injury. The ecto-5′-nucleotidase CD73/adenosine pathway plays a critical role in controlling inflammatory/immune responses, yet it is dysregulated in psoriasis patients. However, the expression and function of this pathway in psoriasis remain poorly explored. Methods: In this study, we investigated the regulation of CD73 in keratinocytes and examined the anti-inflammatory effects of adenosine in keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts under psoriatic-like conditions. HaCaT cells and primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) were stimulated with the M5 cytokine cocktail, comprising interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-17A, IL-22, oncostatin M (OSM), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, to induce a proinflammatory phenotype. Results: M5-treated keratinocytes release IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, as well as the antimicrobial peptide S100A9, and exhibit activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways. We demonstrated that CD73 is upregulated in inflamed keratinocytes, with OSM identified as a regulator of CD73 expression in a Janus kinase/MAPK-dependent manner. High CD73 expression in inflamed keratinocytes is associated with increased adenosine production. In M5-stimulated keratinocytes, adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) expression is increased, whereas A2BR expression is decreased. Functional analyses revealed that an A2AR agonist, and to a lesser extent an A2BR agonist, reduced IL-8 levels in inflamed keratinocytes. Similarly, M5-treated dermal fibroblasts released IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and exhibited activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In inflamed dermal fibroblasts, both A2AR and A2BR were upregulated, and IL-8 release was mitigated by an A2AR agonist. Discussion: In conclusion, these results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the CD73/adenosine axis can be modulated in psoriatic conditions and may guide the development of effective strategies to mitigate inflammation
Roadmap on nanoscale superconductivity for quantum technologies
No full textIn 2025, the Year of Quantum Science and Technology (https://quantum2025.org/), we celebrate a century of quantum mechanics, witnessing a surge in activities that illuminate its inherent strangeness and drive technological innovation. Superconductivity, discovered 114 years ago, stands as a prime example, offering direct and compelling evidence of macroscopic quantum phenomena. Beyond its ability to conduct immense currents without loss, superconductivity reveals the quantum realm operating on a scale we can directly observe and manipulate. The macroscopic quantum coherence, where an ensemble of particles is described by a single wave function, leads to remarkable consequences: dissipation-less current and flux quantization—the basic properties exploited in superconducting quantum circuit fabrication. This Roadmap has been inspired by
intensive discussions and collaborations emerging from the European Cooperation in Science & Technology COST-Action CA21144 (SuperQuMap—Superconducting Nanodevices and Quantum Materials for Coherent Manipulation). The aim of the COST Action SuperQuMap is to establish a strong European network centered on macroscopic quantum behavior in superconductors, bringing together groups of different backgrounds and more than 30 countries. The roadmap outlines the network’s concrete activities, driving advancements in superconductor-based quantum technologies and charting future directions. Spanning fundamental research to practical applications, the
roadmap incorporates insights from industry partners developing quantum computation. It begins by exploring quantum materials, highlighting how topology and electronic correlations could catalyze a quantum leap in technology. We then delve into manipulating the superconducting phase, leveraging advancements in magnetism, 3D fabrication, and tunable correlations. Further, we showcase the advanced microscopy techniques—such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and scanning probes—used to visualize quantum behavior. Finally, and crucially, we detail the quantum devices developed within the network, and their transformative impact on modern quantum computing approaches
ACCESSO ALLA COMPOSIZIONE NEGOZIATA DELLA CRISI ED INAPPLICABILITÀ DELLE DECADENZE EX ART. 40, CO. 10, C.C.I.I.
No full textLa nota analizza un caso molto particolare avente ad oggetto l’intervenuta sentenza di liquidazione giudiziale di una società, nonostante fosse stata depositata, nel corso del relativo procedimento, un’istanza per l’accesso alla composizione negoziata della crisi, i cui effetti protettivi sono stati negati in ragione della mera circostanza che, alla data di pubblicazione nel Registro delle imprese della nomina dell’esperto, la causa fosse stata già rimessa al collegio per la decisione. La Corte di Appello, a seguito del reclamo proposto, compie una completa disamina del compendio normativo di riferimento, anche in ragione dello sviluppo temporale degli eventi, pervenendo alla revoca della sentenza dichiarativa di insolvenzaThe note analyzes a specific case involving the judicial liquidation order of a company, despite the fact that a request for access to negotiated resolution of the crisis had been filed during the relevant proceedings. The protective effects of this request were denied simply because the case had already been referred to the panel for a decision by the date of publication of the expert’s appointment in the Company Register. Following the appeal, the Court of Appeal conducted a thorough review of the relevant regulatory framework, also taking into account the temporal development of the events, ultimately revoking the insolvency orde
Lethal and sub-lethal effects of two botanical nano-insecticides against Liposcelis bostrychophila
No full textPsocids represent a serious pest species in stored products due to their small size and widespread resistance to conventional insecticides. Essential oils (EOs) are promising pest control tools, despite some drawbacks that limit their use under real operating contexts. In response to these challenges, in the last decade, the use of nanotechnology has enhanced EO applications as insecticides. In this context, this study aimed to develop Syzygium aromaticum L. (Clove) and Mentha piperita L. (Mint) EO-nano-emulsions (EO-NEs) with a low amount of co-formulants using the high-pressure microfluidization technique, assessing lethal and sub-lethal effects against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) showed eugenol (76.2%) and menthol (26.69%) as major compounds in clove and mint EOs, respectively. The Dynamic Light Scattering analysis (DLS) revealed excellent physical properties for both EO-NEs with particle sizes ranging in the nanoscale (<250 nm) and good PDI values (<0.25) until 6 months. The lethal effects, assed through residual contact toxicity bioassay, showed high insecticidal activity for clove EO-NE, with estimated lethal doses (LDs) considerably lower compared to mint EO-NE (i.e., LD50 and LD90 of 7.62 and 24.22 μg/cm2 of EO and LD50 and LD90 of 96.72 and 124.79 μg/cm2 of EO, respectively). In addition, mint EO-NE significantly affects the number of produced eggs and their hatchability compared to the negative control treatment. Overall, these findings suggest a potential use of these EO-NEs as sustainable food-stored pest management tools