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La narrativa de los flujos migratorios entre el “humanismo”y la “exclusión”
No full textThe article explores media narratives on migratory flows in Europe, emphasizing the tension between humanistic and inclusive perspectives versus discourses of exclusion and stigmatization. Migration emerges as both a social and humanitarian issue shaped by cultural, political, and media dynamics. Key events—such as the photo of Aylan Kurdi, Islamist attacks, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the war in Ukraine—illustrate how framing processes influence public perception and political agendas. Media representations foster empathy but also hostility, reinforcing stereotypes and moral panics. In the digital era, social networks amplify polarized discourses, often linked to hate speech and conspiracy theories. Thus, migration is not framed by a single narrative but by competing interpretations oscillating between solidarity and exclusion. These narratives shape collective attitudes toward migrants and their recognition as subjects of rights.El texto analiza las narrativas mediáticas sobre los flujos migratorios en Europa, destacando la tensión entre perspectivas de humanismo e inclusión frente a discursos de exclusión y estigmatización. La migración se convierte en un problema social y humanitario atravesado por factores culturales, políticos y mediáticos. Ejemplos como la foto de Aylan Kurdi, los atentados islamistas, la pandemia de COVID-19 y la guerra en Ucrania muestran cómo los medios encuadran (framing) el fenómeno migratorio, influyendo en la percepción pública y en las agendas políticas. La representación mediática genera tanto empatía como hostilidad, alimentando estereotipos y pánicos morales. En la era digital, las redes sociales intensifican la difusión de imágenes polarizadas, vinculadas incluso a discursos de odio y teorías de la conspiración. Así, no existe una narrativa única, sino múltiples marcos interpretativos que oscilan entre solidaridad y exclusión, condicionando las actitudes ciudadanas y el reconocimiento del migrante como sujeto de derechos
Introduction
No full textHow were political scenarios opened up by the revolutionary era navigated? This volume investigates how expertise emerged as a vital political resource in the Italian peninsula between 1789 and 1870, a time of revolution and institutional upheaval. Moving beyond the familiar categories of charisma and celebrity, it explores the political role of knowledge by focusing on places of education, media events, agents and texts. Framing Italy as a laboratory of early modern politics, this volume examines how the reworking of traditional knowledge and the rise of new forms of expertise enabled individuals to act effectively in the public sphere, influence society and navigate the shifting landscape of power, ultimately governing consensus and securing lasting authority
Self-building and Sustainable Construction: Theories, Models and Innovations
No full textThe construction sector is responsible for a high environmental impact, prompting a review of building models and processes in a green key, in view of the 2030 Agenda goals and the ecological transition. In addition, the growing housing crisis is becoming an increasingly widespread issue, affecting not only developing countries but also more industrialised ones. The main reason for this crisis is the rise in house prices, combined with a decrease in employment levels and a consequent increase in social disadvantage. In response to these phenom-ena, self-building can be seen as a possible alternative to traditional building processes, offering considerable advantages: reduced construction costs and time, buildings “tailor-made” to the real needs of users, use of ecological and local materials, increased sense of community and belonging. With these premises, the work presents an initial investigation of the self-building topic which, drawing its origins from the key principles of vernacular architecture, is investigated through some significant modern and contemporary theories and experiences. Next, the main self-built models experimented in recent years are analysed, with a focus on innovative materials most suitable for self-building processes. Finally, the current and most recent definition of “self-building” is given, which is based on the active participation of the future inhabitants in all phases of the building’s construction (from design to execution), supported and assisted by experts in the field. The conclusions summarise the findings, highlighting the main potentials and critical issues of the investigated approach
Another approach for the asymptotic properties of threshold vector ARMA models
No full textIn the present contribution, we propose and exploit a link between vector threshold
autoregressive moving average (TVARMA) and time-dependent VARMA
(tdVARMA)models.We showthat an adequate parametrization permits the TVARMA
model to be included in the broad class of tdVARMA structures. It allows us to derive
new results on the asymptotic properties of the estimators of TVARMA parameters
obtained under weaker conditions than those given in the literature, at least when the
threshold variable is exogenous. As a consequence, new tests are proposed. A simulation study gives evidence of the achieved results that are applied to study the behavior of the monthly CPI, US unemployment, and US federal funds effective rat
Screening and Identification of Multiple Peptides Homologous to the Fusion Glycoprotein Gc of Schmallenberg Virus Able to Inhibit Viral Infection
No full textArthropod-borne viruses have been responsible for several emerging infections, causing a global issue in both human and veterinary fields. Within the Orthobunyaviruses, a novel and major member is the Schmallenberg virus (SBV) first detected in central Europe in 2011, and soon after was able to spread all over the continent by causing severe infection in ruminants, leading to abortion and congenital malformations. The viral particle is surrounded by a membrane in which two glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) mediate the entry, mainly through the class II fusion protein Gc, but this event requires the presence of Gn. Therefore, Gn and Gc may represent a target for antiviral development. In our study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect mediated by overlapping peptides designed on the amino acid sequences of Gc and Gn and spanning their entire length. A brute analysis of both glycoproteins was performed to explore the inhibitory effect of such peptides against SBV infection. Five out of 63 Gc peptides at a concentration of 100 μM reached 50% of inhibition and, interestingly, they are mainly distributed near the C-terminal domain. None of the 20 Gn peptides inhibited the infection, and no peptide toxicity was observed. Our findings could identify new putative domains, located at the C-terminal of Gc, in the process of SBV penetration; therefore, these results are relevant to the potential development of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of SBV infections and could serve as a model for many human pathogens belonging to the same family
An adaptive refinement neural particle method for granular flows
No full textGranular flows are challenging for numerical simulations due to their complex dynamics and potential numerical stability issues. The μ ( I ) -rheology is a popular continuum mechanics-based model for describing the granular behavior in the dense regime. In this study, we propose an adaptive refinement neural particle method (arNPM), which consists of novel Lagrangian physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) that incorporate the μ ( I ) -rheology for modeling granular flows. There are two key features of the proposed arNPM approach. First, the high-order derivatives inherent in the μ ( I ) -rheology are solved straightforwardly by automatic differentiation (AD), which is a peculiar advantage of PINNs. Second, this approach, equipped with an adaptive refinement feature, allows for the visualization of realistic particle flow patterns and well captures evolving free surfaces. The dependability of the method is tested against transient surface flow simulations in wide and narrow channel geometries. Thereafter, it is applied to granular column collapses with varying aspect ratios, where results show excellent agreement with experiments for both surface evolution and wavefront propagation. Comparisons between the frictional and frictionless sidewalls clearly show the importance of considering the sidewall resistances, especially for the cases with high initial aspect ratios. Moreover, inference particle visualization allows a realistic description of the particle trajectories and different granular flow behaviors, including solid-like cores and fluid-like spreading. These results enable a deeper understanding of the sidewall effects for dam-break type simulations and highlight the capabilities of the proposed arNPM to capture the complex granular flow dynamics, which are often difficult to extract from conventional numerical results
Who Benefited Most From the Reddito di Cittadinanza? Evidence on Poverty and In-work Poverty in Italy
No full textSocial cash transfers have been expanding across Europe, though Italy has been slower to adopt such measures. In recent years, however, Italy has introduced several transfer schemes to address rising poverty and social exclusion—most notably the Reddito di Cittadinanza (RdC), recently replaced by the Assegno di Inclusione (ADI). This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the effectiveness of cash transfers by evaluating the effect of RdC on absolute and relative poverty incidence and gap, as well as in-work poverty. Using data from the Bank of Italy’s Survey on Household Income and Wealth (SHIW) for 2020 and 2022, we apply descriptive statistics, a probit and tobit analysis to assess changes excluding and including the RdC. Our findings show that RdC significantly reduces both absolute and relative poverty but has no significant effect on in-work poverty. Further heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of RdC varies across different population groups
A temperature-induced hysteretic behavior of resistivity and magnetoresistance of electrodeposited bismuth microbridges for X-ray transition-edge sensor absorbers
No full textThis study investigates the temperature-induced hysteretic behavior of resistivity and magnetoresistance in electrodeposited bismuth films, with a focus on their application as absorbers in transition-edge sensors (TESs) for X-ray detection. Through a series of resistivity versus temperature measurements from room temperature to a few Kelvin, we explore the change in the conductive behavior of bismuth electrodeposited on various substrates. Our findings show for the first time both hysteretic and irreversible changes in resistivity as a function of temperature. Further, magnetoresistance measurements reveal notable variations in resistance behavior under different magnetic fields, highlighting the impact of magnetic fields on these films’ electronic transport properties, with an indication of potential weak anti-localization effects at the lowest temperatures. This study not only provides a deeper understanding of bismuth’s conductivity characteristics at low temperatures but also sheds light on the practical implications for developing more effective TESs for synchrotron X-ray facilities