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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A TECHNOLOGICAL ECOSYSTEM FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF COGNITIVE DECLINE: A MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO PERSONALIZED COGNITIVE STIMULATION AND RISK FACTOR MODIFICATION
No full textTHE AGING POPULATION REPRESENTS ONE OF THE MAIN PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY, LEADING TO A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN THE INCIDENCE OF AGE-RELATED DISEASES, SUCH AS DEMENTIA OR MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT.
IN LIGHT OF THE LIMITATIONS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS ALONE, SCIENTIFIC ATTENTION HAS GRADUALLY SHIFTED TOWARDS NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL STRATEGIES CAPABLE OF PROMOTING COGNITIVE RESERVE BY MODULATING MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS, THEREBY SUPPORTING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF OLDER ADULTS.
IN THIS CONTEXT, DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ARE EMERGING AS PROMISING TOOLS FOR EXPANDING THE ACCESSIBILITY, PERSONALIZATION, AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PREVENTIVE AND REHABILITATIVE INTERVENTIONS.
HOWEVER, THE LITERATURE HIGHLIGHTS SIGNIFICANT CRITICAL ISSUES: INSUFFICIENT SEMANTIC-AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL PERSONALIZATION, POOR LONG-TERM ADHERENCE, AND LIMITED ALIGNMENT BETWEEN TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS OF USERS.
THIS THESIS ADDRESSES THESE CRITICAL ISSUES THROUGH THE DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, AND VALIDATION OF A MULTIMODAL TECHNOLOGICAL ECOSYSTEM FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF COGNITIVE DECLINE.
THE APPROACH INTEGRATES VIRTUAL REALITY, GENERATIVE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS, MULTISENSORY INTERFACES, AND SOCIAL ROBOTICS, WITH THE AIM OF PROMOTING USER ENGAGEMENT, COGNITIVE STIMULATION, AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING ACROSS THE ENTIRE HEALTH-ILLNESS CONTINUUM.
THREE LINES OF ACTION GUIDE THE PROPOSED RESEARCH: (I) DEVELOPMENT OF USER-CENTERED DIGITAL SYSTEMS FOR COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT AND LONELINESS REDUCTION; (II) EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL PERSONALIZATION ON MEMORY, EMOTIONS, AND MOTIVATION; (III) DEFINITION OF PARTICIPATORY METHODOLOGIES FOR ALIGNING TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE CLINICAL AND RELATIONAL NEEDS OF THE GERIATRIC POPULATION.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS SHOW HOW DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS CAN SUPPORT COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL PROCESSES IN OLDER ADULTS USING MULTIMODAL PERSONALIZATION STRATEGIES.
EMERGING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT THE INTEGRATION OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL CONTENT CAN INCREASE ENGAGEMENT, AFFECTIVE RESPONSIVENESS, AND THE OVERALL QUALITY OF THE USER-TECHNOLOGY EXPERIENCE, WHILE PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES ARE ESSENTIAL TO ENSURE THE USABILITY, ACCEPTABILITY, AND SUSTAINABILITY OF INTERVENTIONS OVER TIME.
FINALLY, THE THESIS CONVERGES ON A METHODOLOGICAL MODEL THAT GUIDES THE DESIGN OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PREVENTION OF COGNITIVE DECLINE, OUTLINING THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR DIGITAL MENTAL HEALTH AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR PERSONALIZED MULTIMODAL SYSTEMS
Constraining lens masses in moderately to highly magnified microlensing events from Gaia
No full textContext. Microlensing events provide a unique way to detect and measure the masses of isolated, non-luminous objects, particularly dark stellar remnants. Under certain conditions, it is possible to measure the mass of these objects using photometry alone, specifically when a microlensing light curve displays a finite source (FS) effect. This effect generally occurs in highly magnified light curves, i.e. when the source and the lens are very well aligned. Aims. In this study, we analyse Gaia Alerts and Gaia Data Release 3 datasets, identifying four moderate-to-high-magnification microlensing events without a discernible FS effect. The absence of this effect suggests a large Einstein radius, implying substantial lens masses. Methods. In each event, we constrained the FS effect, and therefore established lower limits for the angular Einstein radius and lens mass. Additionally, we used the DarkLensCode software to obtain the mass, distance, and brightness distribution for the lens based on the Galactic model. Results. Our analysis established lower mass limits of ∼0.7 M for one lens and ∼0.3−0.5 M for two others. A DarkLensCode analysis supports these findings, estimating lens masses in the range of ∼0.42−1.70 M and dark lens probabilities exceeding 80%. These results strongly indicate that the lenses are stellar remnants, such as white dwarfs or neutron stars. Conclusions. While further investigations are required to confirm the nature of these lenses, we demonstrate a straightforward yet effective approach to identifying stellar remnant candidates
STUDIO TEORICO DI CATALIZZATORI ETEROGENEI PER REAZIONI DI INTERESSE AMBIENTALE
No full textQUESTA TESI PRESENTA UN'INDAGINE COMPUTAZIONALE BASATA SULLA TEORIA DEL FUNZIONALE DELLA DENSITÀ (DFT) VOLTA AL DESIGN DI CATALIZZATORI ETEROGENEI PER LA CHIMICA SOSTENIBILE, STRUTTURATA IN DUE PILASTRI PRINCIPALI.
LA PRIMA PARTE APPROFONDISCE I PROCESSI DI FOTOCATALISI SU BASE BIOSSIDO DI TITANIO (TIO2). LA RICERCA HA RIGUARDATO LO SVILUPPO DI SISTEMI IBRIDI DI TIO2 PER LA GENERAZIONE DI SPECIE REATTIVE DELL'OSSIGENO (ROS), L'IMPIEGO DI COMPLESSI TIO2-ABIETATO PER LA DEGRADAZIONE DELLE PLASTICHE E L'USO DI MOF BASATI SU TIO2 PER LA PRODUZIONE DI IDROGENO TRAMITE WATER SPLITTING.
LA SECONDA PARTE SI FOCALIZZA SULLE REAZIONI ELETTROCATALITICHE PER LA CONVERSIONE DELL'ENERGIA. SONO STATI INVESTIGATI SINGLE ATOM CATALYSTS (SACS) PER LA RIDUZIONE DELLA CO2 (CO2RR), CLUSTER METALLICI SUPPORTATI PER LA RIDUZIONE DELL'OSSIGENO (ORR) E DERIVATI DEL MOS2 PER LA PRODUZIONE DI IDROGENO (HER).
L'INTEGRAZIONE DI QUESTI MODELLI PERMETTE DI RAZIONALIZZARE I MECCANISMI DI REAZIONE A LIVELLO ATOMISTICO, FORNENDO UNA PROSPETTIVA CRITICA SULLE LIMITAZIONI METODOLOGICHE PER RIDURRE IL DIVARIO TRA SIMULAZIONE TEORICA E CONDIZIONI OPERATIVE REALI.THIS THESIS PRESENTS A DFT-BASED COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION AIMED AT DESIGNING HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS FOR GREEN CHEMISTRY, ORGANIZED INTO TWO MAIN PILLARS.
THE FIRST SECTION EXPLORES TIO2-BASED PHOTOCATALYSIS, FOCUSING ON TIO2 HYBRIDS FOR ROS PRODUCTION, TIO2-ABIETATE SYSTEMS FOR PLASTIC DEGRADATION, AND TIO2-BASED MOFS FOR GREEN HYDROGEN PRODUCTION VIA WATER SPLITTING.
THE SECOND SECTION INVESTIGATES ELECTROCATALYTIC REACTIONS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION. THE STUDY INCLUDES SINGLE ATOM CATALYSTS (SACS) FOR CO2 REDUCTION (CO2RR), SUPPORTED METAL CLUSTERS FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION (ORR), AND MOS2-BASED MATERIALS FOR THE HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION (HER).
THE ATOMISTIC INSIGHTS PROVIDED BY THESE MODELS RATIONALIZE REACTION MECHANISMS WHILE CRITICALLY ADDRESSING METHODOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS TO BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN THEORETICAL SIMULATIONS AND REAL-WORLD OPERATING CONDITIONS
Optimizing stock price forecasting: a hybrid approach using fuzziness and automated machine learning
No full textTime series forecasting, particularly in the domain of stock prices, is a significant challenge but benefits from the availability of openly accessible data. Our work focuses mainly on (although not limited to) univariate time series forecasting of monthly or daily stock prices, predicting one step ahead. We developed an innovative pipeline that combines fuzzification with Automated Machine Learning, achieving improved forecasting performance. Unlike previous literature, we revise the binomial Fuzzy Time Series and machine learning algorithm, including a classification task (formally motivating it), and involving unused features of fuzzy sets. Thanks to the type of aggregation of the fuzzified data, the approach has the potential to preserve interpretability, unlike most machine learning based approaches. Using several financial datasets, in addition to preliminary experiments on chaotic time series, we found evidence of significantly improved performance in most cases. This study contributes to further understanding of the intersection between fuzzy logic and Automated Machine Learning, particularly in the context of time series forecasting, offering a promising direction for future research
Verso un’identità TPACK: pattern di partecipazione di studenti universitari di matematica in un’attività di genesi documentale.
No full textNel contesto della didattica universitaria della Matematica pura, l’integrazione di stru-
menti digitali risulta ancora marginale, quando non del tutto assente. Tuttavia, alcuni
contenuti di matematica avanzata si prestano in modo particolare a rappresentazioni in-
terattive e dinamiche che favoriscono una più profonda comprensione concettuale e ren-
dono possibile una sistematica integrazione della tecnologia nel processo di insegnamen-
to/apprendimento (Albano et al., 2024; Arruabarrena et al., 2021; Miranda, 2024) e la
formazione dell’identità (Miranda et al., 2024). Il processo di genesi documentale (Gueu-
det & Trouche, 2009) favorisce l’emergere dei primi segni dello sviluppo della conoscenza
TPACK (Mishra & Koehler, 2006) contribuendo, al contempo, a rendere percepibile la
transizione dal ruolo di studente a quello di futuro insegnante (Miranda & Saliceto, 2024).
Nel presente studio adottiamo il framework TPACK in una prospettiva nella quale
le componenti pedagogica, disciplinare e in particolar modo tecnologica, non sono solo
saperi da integrare ma elementi costitutivi per la formazione dell’identità professionale del
docente di matematica
Vedere, conoscere, morire. Metafore della vista, della visione e della visibilità nella serie tv See
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Targeted Therapy for a Rare PDGFRB-Rearranged Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Case Report
No full textMyeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases originating from hematopoietic stem cell transformation, characterized by the clonal proliferation of hematopoietic progenitors. A specific subset includes myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase (TK) gene fusions, particularly involving PDGFR A or B, which are sensitive to TK inhibitor treatment. We report a case of a 21-year-old patient with a myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic neoplasm, presenting with hyperleukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated LDH. The peripheral blood smear showed hypogranular neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and myeloid precursors. The absence of BCR::ABL1 and mutations in JAK2, CALR, and MPL excluded common MPNs. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a rearrangement between chromosomes 5 and 14. FISH analysis confirmed an inverted insertion from chromosome 5 to chromosome 14, involving the PDGFRB gene. WGS and RNAseq identified a fusion between PDGFRB and CCDC88C, causing the constitutive activation of PDGFRB. The fusion gene was confirmed by sequencing. This allowed for targeted therapy with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), leading to molecular remission monitored by RT-qPCR. This case highlights how a multidisciplinary approach can identify atypical transcripts in MPN, guiding targeted therapy with TK inhibitors, thus resulting in effective treatment and molecular remission