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Durkheim e la scienza critica degli ideali
No full textIl capitolo ha per fulcro un Durkheim letto come studioso in grado di far emergere l’idealità della persona come principio etico e, con ciò, di pensare ideali e norme andando decisamente oltre la crisi e la sfida ai legami nella modernità. Mostrando come il progetto del “suo” autore mantenga intatta la propria forza euristica, il capitolo sa contrastare le letture stereotipate e spesso poco informate su Durkheim per ricondurci a un nucleo tematico essenziale al nostro discorso: una co-costruzione anche morale della società che si opponga tanto alla distopia ingegneristica quanto al mero fatalismo del dato di fatto
Serialization and Transmedia Narratives: An Archaeology (1900-1939)
No full textThis chapter examine the socio-economic context together with the technological, cultural, and social processes that shaped the modalities of seriality between the early 1900s and the 1930s. This period was characterized by three interrelated macro-phenomena:first, the definition of media formats, production and distribution models, and consumer cultures, which in various ways continued to reverberate throughout the Western world in the decades following World War II; second, the experimentation with new forms of transmedia serialization of narrative universes; and third, the construction of a technological imaginary that facilitated the transfer of the 19th-century literary and iconographic heritage into the domain of the electrified experience of the world, enabled above all by cinema and radio
La naturalità del disordine. Anomalie e mostruosità tra Medioevo ed Età moderna
No full textIl volume si propone di indagare alcuni case studies relativi al modo in cui, fra la tarda
Antichità e la fine del ‘500, filosofi e teologi hanno trattato il tema delle ‘deviazioni’
dall’ordine naturale, chiedendosi se, e come, siano possibili ‘eccezioni’ a ciò che Dio ha
voluto predisporre: una creazione ‘bella’ nei suoi fondamenti ontologici.
Dall’esistenza dell’unicorno ai parti mostruosi, dalle potenziali virtù della bruttezza ai
tentativi di classificare i 'mostri', i saggi qui raccolti esaminano il pensiero di Agostino,
Avicenna, Mosè Maimonide, Tommaso d’Aquino, Boccaccio, Manuel de Góis, mostrando
come il tema sia trasversale alla riflessione cristiana, araba ed ebraica dei secoli del
‘Lungo Medioevo’
What triggers anger behind the wheel? An invariance study on personality traits and risky attitudes in Italian and Australian older drivers
No full textIntroduction: Driving Anger (DA) arises from various traffic-related situations and influences risky driving behaviors. While several studies have explored DA in younger drivers, there is limited research focused on older drivers, who represent a growing driving demographic. The current study examined the relationship between personality traits, attitudes toward safety, and DA in 242 Italian and Australian older drivers. Method: Using a multi-group path analysis, we tested the hypothesis that dispositional variables (i.e., personality traits and attitudes towards safety) predict DA in older drivers, controlling for sociodemographic variables (e.g., gender and education). Cultural differences emerged, as Italians showed higher levels of driving anger, while Australians exhibited more positive attitudes toward road safety. Results: The results indicated that different DA facets were differentially predicted by Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, as well as attitudes toward safety, with invariances across nationality groups. Conclusions and practical applications: These findings highlight the role of personality traits in DA among older drivers, suggesting that personality assessment may improve the design of personalized interventions and policy revisions to reduce risky driving in vulnerable groups of drivers
Pensare la Spedizione. Carlo Pisacane e la riflessione sulla violenza postrivoluzionaria nel Mezzogiorno borbonico (1856-1857)
No full textMEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
No full textTHE RAPID PROLIFERATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) SYSTEMS FOR CLASSIFICATION AND PREDICTION HAS TRANSFORMED BOTH SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. WHILE THESE TECHNOLOGIES HAVE DEMONSTRATED REMARKABLE PERFORMANCE, THEIR DEPLOYMENT IN SAFETY-CRITICAL CONTEXTS RAISES FUNDAMENTAL CONCERNS REGARDING THE RELIABILITY, ROBUSTNESS, AND TRUSTWORTHINESS OF THEIR OUTPUTS. IN PARTICULAR, INACCURATE ESTIMATIONS MAY RESULT IN HIGH-RISK OR EVEN LIFE-THREATENING CONSEQUENCES, UNDERSCORING THE NEED FOR RIGOROUS METHODS TO QUANTIFY AND ASSESS THE UNCERTAINTY ASSOCIATED WITH AI-DRIVEN ESTIMATES.
THIS PROJECT ADDRESSES THESE CHALLENGES BY INTRODUCING A NOVEL METHODOLOGY GROUNDED IN THE LAW OF PROPAGATION OF UNCERTAINTY (LPU). THE APPROACH IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE FAST AND SIMULTANEOUS INFERENCE OF MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY IN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (ANNS), THEREBY ENABLING SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FROM INPUT DATA TO FINAL OUTPUTS. UNLIKE CONVENTIONAL BLACK-BOX TREATMENTS OF NEURAL NETWORKS, THE PROPOSED METHODOLOGY SEEKS TO EXPLICITLY ANALYZE THEIR UNDERLYING MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES AND ACCOUNT FOR THE NONLINEARITIES THAT COMPLICATE DIRECT APPLICATION OF STANDARD UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS. BY INCORPORATING LPU INTO THE INFERENCE PROCESS, THIS WORK ENABLES THE PROPAGATION OF INPUT MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY THROUGH THE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE, YIELDING AN ANALYTICAL ESTIMATION OF OUTPUT UNCERTAINTY. THIS PROVIDES A RIGOROUS FRAMEWORK ALIGNED WITH ISO-GUM. THE ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO ENHANCE THE INTERPRETABILITY, TRANSPARENCY, AND RELIABILITY OF ANN-BASED SYSTEMS, PARTICULARLY IN DOMAINS WHERE DECISION-MAKING DEPENDS CRITICALLY ON THE VALIDITY OF PREDICTIONS
TRA FORMALISMO GIURIDICO ED EFFETTIVITÀ DELLA VIGILANZA: L’ART. 70 T.U.B. AL VAGLIO DELLA CORTE DI GIUSTIZIA NEL CASO CARIGE*
No full textSYNTHESIS OF NOVEL POLYESTERS AS PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS
No full textTHIS PHD RESEARCH PROJECT WAS DEVELOPED THROUGH A COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE UNIVERSITY OF SALERNO AND PIRELLI TYRE S.P.A. THE CENTRAL OBJECTIVE OF THE COLLABORATION WAS THE SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL POLYESTERS TO BE EMPLOYED AS PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS. IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT OF GROWING CONCERN ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY DESERVES PARTICULAR ATTENTION, AS IT IS WIDELY REGARDED AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPACTFUL SECTORS AND RESEARCH IN THIS FIELD IS CRUCIAL TO DEVELOP MORE SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS.
THIS PROJECT CONTRIBUTES TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL CLASS OF MATERIALS BASED ON POLYESTERS’ BLOCK COPOLYMERS OBTAINED FROM RING OPENING COPOLYMERIZATION OF EPOXIDES AND CYCLIC ORGANIC ANHYDRIDES PROMOTED BY BIS-THIOETHER-DIPHENOLATE-TYPE CATALYSTS.
THE PROJECT PROGRESSED THROUGH SEVERAL STAGES, THE PRELIMINARY PHASE FOCUSED ON THE SYNTHESIS OF BIO-BASED MONOMERS AND COPOLYMERS, CARRIED OUT PRIMARILY IN THE LABORATORIES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SALERNO AND, IN PART, AT THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH. USING BIO-BASED EPOXIDES, THE CORRESPONDING COPOLYMERS WITH PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE WERE OBTAINED, EXHIBITING TG RANGING FROM −30 °C TO +30 °C, DEPENDING ON MOLECULAR WEIGHTS BETWEEN 5,000 AND 20,000 DA. SUBSEQUENTLY, DI- AND TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS WERE SYNTHESIZED, CYCLOHEXENE OXIDE (CHO) AND VINYLCYCLOHEXENE OXIDE (VCHO) WERE INCORPORATED TO OBTAIN POLYMER BLOCKS WITH DISTINCT RIGIDITY CHARACTERISTICS. THE MICROPHASE SEPARATION BEHAVIOR OF THE SYNTHESIZED COPOLYMERS WAS INVESTIGATED USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY, WHICH PROVIDED INSIGHT INTO THE NANOSCALE MORPHOLOGY AND THE PHASE SEGREGATION BETWEEN THE SOFT AND HARD POLYMER DOMAINS.
SUBSEQUENTLY, SELECTED COPOLYMERS WERE SUBJECTED TO AN EVALUATION OF THEIR DEGRADABILITY UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS. THE DEGRADATION PROCESS WAS MONITORED OVER TIME THROUGH GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY MEASUREMENTS, ENABLING THE DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT REDUCTION. POLYESTERS’ NON-TOXICITY WAS CONFIRMED THROUGH CYTOTOXICITY ASSAYS PERFORMED ON HUMAN HEPATOCARCINOMA CELLS AND THE RESULTS DEMONSTRATED GOOD CELLS VIABILITY, INDICATING THAT THE MATERIALS ARE SUITABLE FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE APPLICATIONS.
FINALLY, THE SYNTHESIZED MATERIALS WERE EVALUATED FOR THEIR PERFORMANCE AS ADDITIVES IN TIRE TREAD FORMULATIONS. PRELIMINARY STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED USING COMMERCIAL POLYESTERS TO OPTIMIZE BOTH THE COMPOUND FORMULATIONS AND PROCESSING PARAMETERS. THE MODEL TREAD COMPOUNDS WERE PREPARED AND THEIR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TESTED IN THE LABORATORIES OF PIRELLI TYRE S.P.A, THE RESULTS REVEALED THAT THE POLYESTER-BASED COMPOUNDS EXHIBITED PROMISING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES. ENCOURAGED BY THESE FINDINGS, THE COMPOUNDS WERE FURTHER SUBJECTED TO OZONE AGING TESTS TO EVALUATE THEIR OXIDATIVE STABILITY. REMARKABLY, THE POLYESTERS DEMONSTRATED A PROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST OZONE-INDUCED DEGRADATION, SUGGESTING THEIR POTENTIAL ROLE AS ANTIOXIDATIVE ADDITIVES.
FOLLOWING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SUITABLE FORMULATION AND PROCESSING PARAMETERS, THE SYNTHESIZED POLYESTERS WERE INCORPORATED INTO COMPOUNDS. THESE NEWLY DEVELOPED COMPOUNDS EXHIBITED COMPARABLE OR SUPERIOR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, OZONE RESISTANCE, AND TUNABLE PERFORMANCES DIRECTLY CORRELATED TO THE MOLECULAR DESIGN AND PROPERTIES OF THE ADDITIVES.
OVERALL, THE RESULTS PRESENTED IN THIS WORK DEMONSTRATE THAT THE SYNTHESIZED NOVEL BIO-BASED POLYESTERS ARE PROMISING CANDIDATES AS MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES FOR TIRE TREAD FORMULATIONS. THEIR PERFORMANCE AS ADDITIVES IN TIRE COMPOUNDS OPENS NEW AVENUES FOR SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL DESIGN IN THE FIELD OF RUBBER COMPOUNDING AND GREEN TIRE TECHNOLOGY
Electron Energy Relaxation Times in Superconducting Tungsten Rhenium-based Thin Films
No full textWe report on the evaluation of the electron energy relaxation times both in pure WRe and
nitrogen-doped WReN superconducting films. The former are crystalline and exhibit a superconducting
critical temperature, Tc ∼ 4.5 K, while the latter have larger Tc ∼ 5.6 K and an amorphous
nature. Magnetoconductivity measurements were performed on films of different thicknesses
to extract different electron relaxation times, and the results were analyzed by taking into account
superconducting fluctuation and weak localization effects. The electron–electron (τe−e), electron–
phonon (τe−ph), electron–fluctuation (τe−fl) scattering times, as well as the τe−ph/τe−e ratio are
intermediate between those estimated for other W-based and nitride superconducting films typically
employed as superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs). Furthermore, we also observed
a larger value of τe−ph/τe−e ratio for WReN compared to the WRe film of the same thickness, suggesting
its better potential as SSPDs. These results establish WRe films as a possible contender for
future SSPDs working in the low energy photon regime
Building the ‘perfect’ Italian woman and mother: Discipline and accounting in the Reale Istituto Femminile della Santissima Annunziata in Florence (1865–1900)
No full textFemale education in the nineteenth century was a multifaceted issue, related to social stratification, gender roles, and middle-class construction. In unified Italy, a country with a very high level of illiteracy, the experience of female schools is peculiar because of their cultural, historical, and post-Resurgence values and educational methods. This article, inspired by Foucault’s approach to disciplinary institutions, is based on many primary and secondary sources. The role played by accounting in supporting the education process of a female school in Florence is shown in a detailed manner. The pupils, coming from the Italian middle and upper class, were educated not only in Italian, history, geography, drawing, calligraphy and maths, but also in foreign language, music, singing, dance, good manners and catechism of the Catholic Church together with household accounting, all what was necessary to build the ‘perfect’ woman and mother. To do this, the Florentine school distributed space and managed time, adopted tools related to admission policy, uniforms, and diet and applied examination rituals supported by punishment and rewards. The article adds its results to the literature about accounting and discipline in educational institutions