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Cultivation-medium agitation alters biological and metabolic traits and reshapes the bacterial microbiome of Odontella aurita
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Monitoring Long-Term Trends in Aglianico Vineyards Using a Mann-Kendall Test Approach, Sen's Slope Estimator, and Sentinel-2 Time Series
No full textThe vineyard sector is a key economic driver in the Mediterranean Basin, particularly in Italy, requiring a scientifically sound management plan to optimize yield and quality. Geomatic techniques provide a fast, cost-effective, and non-destructive way to collect data, with remote sensing excelling in long-term grape monitoring. The Sentinel-2 mission, launched by the European Space Agency in 2015, captures multispectral images with spatial resolutions of 10 m, 20 m, and 60 m, depending on the spectral band. While this resolution does not allow for detailed analysis at the scale of individual grape rows or leaves, it enables vineyard monitoring at the field scale with medium spatial resolution. This study explores the potential of Sentinel-2 data for analysing long-term trends using two non-parametric statistical methods: the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. The former detects monotonic trends, while the latter quantifies the magnitude of change over time. A time series of Sentinel-2 imagery, comprising 1,348 images spanning a ten-year period (2015–2025), was collected and pre-processed. After cloud masking and resampling all bands to a 10m spatial resolution, four vegetation indices were computed and subjected to statistical analysis. The resulting maps served as input for the aforementioned non-parametric tests. Findings highlight the effectiveness of a well-structured management plan, though certain areas require closer attention. In particular, all statistical tests consistently indicate negative long-term trends in the lower portion of the field. These results emphasize the necessity of integrating geospatial big data to enhance decision-making, surpassing the limitations of management strategies based solely on farmers’ experience
Enhanced Low‐Temperature Photoluminescence in α‐CsPbI3/WS2 Heterostructures: Experimental and Theoretical Insights into Exciton Dynamics in Low‐Dimensional Materials
No full textTwo-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) show great promise for photonic and optoelectronic technologies. However, non-radiative recombination channels in TMDCs limit their photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield. Despite various enhancement strategies, the fundamental mechanisms governing TMDC emission enhancement remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that heterostructure engineering by spin-coating cesium lead iodide (α-CsPbI3) perovskite quantum dots, with high optical absorption, onto tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayer, leads to 109-fold enhanced PL intensity at 8 K compared to 300 K. Using PL spectroscopy, we investigated the temperature-dependent tunability of the PL intensity and unraveled how structural distortions in α-CsPbI3 dynamically modulate charge transfer processes and radiative recombination. Density functional theory (DFT) and non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF)-DFT calculations confirm that at 8 K, structural distortions in α-CsPbI3 and phonon interactions are both reduced, lowering electron and hole transport barriers, enhancing carrier transmission to WS2, and thereby promoting biexciton formation and ultrahigh PL. Conversely, at 300 K, increased structural distortions elevate the barrier, favor trion formation, and quench the PL. These findings establish temperature-driven structural shifts as a novel mechanism for engineering hybrid QD/TMDC materials with tunable optical properties. Our combined experiments and theoretical calculations provide foundational insights for next-generation low-temperature quantum devices and hybrid QD/TMDC systems
Lex Fabia (de plagio or de plagiariis)
No full textA lex Fabia, likely to have been enacted between 66 and 63 bce, was the first Roman law that sanctioned what later became known as plagium. This law addressed the kidnapping, sale, and unlawful holding of Roman citizens and slaves. The first section sanctioned the abduction and sale of Roman citizens, while the second extended similar penalties to actions against another person's slave. Offenders had to act with malicious intent and against the victim's will. The penalty was typically a fine of fifty thousand sesterces, though some scholars suggest capital punishment was possible. The trial procedure under the law remains debated among scholars
The corporate sustainability committee and sustainable development goals
No full textPurpose – This study aims to provide fresh empirical insights into the nexus between corporate sustainability
committee (SC) attributes and sustainable development goals (SDG) disclosure practices.
Design/methodology/approach – This study draws on an unbalanced sample of 132 Italian-listed companies
that prepared a mandatory non-financial declaration (NFD) in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative
(GRI) Standards over a seven-year period (2017–2023), yielding a total of 455 observations. Data on SC characteristics – size, power, independence, gender diversity and number of meetings – were manually collected from firms’ annual corporate governance reports, whereas SDG disclosure data were obtained via content
analysis of companies’ NFDs.
Findings – Results from a fixed-effects panel regression model reveal that including the chief executive officer or the chair (or both) on the SC, together with greater female representation, enhances the ability of SCs to
stimulate higher levels of SDG disclosure.
Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to provide empirical evidence on the nexus between SC characteristics – size, power, independence, gender diversity and number of meetings – and SDG disclosure. The findings provide impetus for policymakers and regulators to consider requiring companies to establish dedicated SCs as a core component of their corporate governance systems and to manage their composition carefully, ensuring that they fulfill their responsibilities in overseeing sustainability disclosure practices
A battleship between hydroxamates versus non-hydroxamates: Exploring semi-empirical quantum properties, chemical space network, activity landscape, scaffold diversity of HDAC3 inhibitors to improve memory and learning
No full textMemory and learning are fundamental brain processes, with Histone Deacetylases (HDACs), particularly Histone Deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), playing a crucial role in long-term memory. HDAC3 inhibitors (HDAC3i) have been shown to enhance memory function, making the identification of potential HDAC3i candidates valuable for memory-related disorders. In this study, we investigate the variability of semi-empirical quantum chemical parameters related to zinc binding patterns in a large set of hydroxamate and non-hydroxamate HDAC3i. We analyze the chemical space and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of these compounds, employing molecular clustering and visualization techniques. An analysis of the electronic properties of two representative inhibitors is also presented through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results indicate that non-hydroxamate HDAC3i exhibit lower formation energies than hydroxamates but are generally lower effective inhibitors, suggesting that inhibition depends on binding site stabilization and specific molecular interactions. The study also reveals that effective inhibition arises from global molecular stabilization and contributions from specific motifs, such as the Cap and linker regions. Our clustering analysis identifies distinct structural motifs, with hydroxamates showing greater chemical uniformity while non-hydroxamates display higher scaffold diversity. These findings provide a framework for optimizing lead compounds in developing HDAC3 inhibitors, offering insights into their potential therapeutic applications in memory disorders and HDAC3-related conditions
Exploring the Role of Conformity in Decision-Making and Emotional Regulation: A Systematic Review
No full textConformity is defined as the inclination to align one’s thoughts and behaviors with those of a group, driven by the desire for social acceptance and accuracy. While this alignment can enhance group cohesion and facilitate effective communication, it may also lead individuals to adopt false beliefs or engage in risky choices. This systematic review explores the interconnected dynamics of conformity, emotional regulation, and decision-making, shedding light on their transformative impacts on individual behavior within various contexts. A search was conducted in four databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE, and PubMed, focusing on research related to social conformity, emotion regulation, and decision-making from 2014 to October 2024. After several screening stages, 38 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected as the subject of the present review. The findings examined in this review explore the interplay between emotions and conformity in shaping social dynamics and decision-making processes. Additionally, the review addresses how contextual factors, social group dynamics, and individual differences affect conformity behaviors. Importantly, the review identifies a critical gap in the literature regarding how emotional regulation strategies might moderate the influence of conformity, particularly in emotionally charged or socially complex situations. Addressing this gap presents a promising avenue for future research, with implications for developing interventions aimed at fostering healthier decision-making and emotional resilience within group environments
Comparative Assessment of Buried and Exposed Archaeological Remains at Abellinum (Southern Italy) Using Low-Frequency GPR and Photogrammetry
No full textThis study presents an integrated geophysical–geomatic approach for the investigation of archaeological sites, combining low-frequency Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and close-range photogrammetry at the Archaeological Park of Abellinum (southern Italy). Unlike conventional applications using high-frequency antennas, the low-frequency GPR system employed in this study enabled deep subsurface imaging, allowing reconstruction of buried stratigraphic and architectural features to depths of several metres. This enhanced penetration capacity facilitated a more comprehensive understanding of the investigated environments, by complementing rather than replacing high-frequency surveys and expanding the interpretable volume in complex urban and peri-urban contexts. GPR reflection data were integrated with high-resolution photogrammetric surface models, enabling direct comparison between visible structures and subsurface geometries. The combined dataset provided precise correlations between surface features and subsurface anomalies, demonstrating the potential of this integrated methodology for detailed archaeological interpretation. Overall, this approach offers a scalable, non-invasive framework applicable to other complex archaeological landscapes, supporting both research objectives and long term heritage management. By systematically combining low-frequency GPR with high-resolution photogrammetry, the study introduces a methodological contribution that extends interpretative depth well beyond the limits of conventional surveys