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The EAHAD Coagulation Factor Variant Databases: important resources for haemostasis clinicians and researchers
No full textIntroduction: Advances in genomic sequencing have facilitated the sequencing of genes associated with disorders of haemostasis. The identification of variants within genes, access to curated data incorporating structural, functional, evolutionary as well as phenotypic data has become increasingly important in order to ascribe pathogenicity.
Aim: The European Association for Haemophilia and Allied Disorders (EAHAD) Coagulation Factor Variant Database Project aims to provide a single port of entry to a web accessible resource for variants in genes involved in clinical bleeding disorders.
Results: New databases have evolved from previously developed single gene variant coagulation database projects, incorporating new data, new analysis tools and a new common database architecture with new interfaces and filters. These new databases currently present information about the genotype, phenotype (laboratory and clinical) and structural and functional effects of variants described in the genes of factor (F) VII (F7), FVIII (F8), FIX (F9) and von Willebrand factor (VWF).
Conclusion: The project has improved the quality and quantity of information available to the haemostasis research and clinical communities, thereby enabling accurate classification of disease severity in order to make assessments of likely pathogenicity
Antecedents and Outcomes of Emotional Labour in Hospitality and Tourism: A Meta-Analysis
No full textThis paper meta-analytically investigates a theoretical framework of emotional labour and its antecedents and outcomes in the hospitality and tourism literature with 57 correlation matrices from published journal papers. Adopting the psychometric meta-analytical methods and meta-structural equation modelling (meta-SEM) methods, the study finds that emotional labour is related to antecedents including personality, emotional intelligence, customer orientation, social support and display rules, as well as related to attitudinal, behavioural, and customer-related outcomes. In addition, strain mediates the relations between emotional labour and its outcomes. This paper is the first meta-analysis on the relations between emotional labour and the antecedents and outcomes in hospitality and tourism management
A Generalized Bit Error Rate Evaluation for Index Modulation Based OFDM System
No full textOrthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM-IM) is a multicarrier transmission technology that modulates information bits not just onto subcarriers by means of Mary constellation mapping but also onto selected (active) subcarrier indices. Consequently, errors can occur in OFDMIM systems indices in addition to the errors of M-ary symbols. This paper analyzes the error scenarios
and derives mathematical expressions for the error performance based on the maximum likelihood (ML)
detection. In evaluating the bit error rate (BER) in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, some
assumptions are made and our analytical result show that the BER of OFDM-IM system is a weighted sum
of exponential functions and Q-functions. Our general BER expression has been shown to be in excellent
agreement with numerical simulation and proven to be accurate and can serve as a reference for the design
and evaluation of any arbitrary size and configuration of OFDM-IM systems
Dynamic Temperature Measurements of a GaN DC/DC Boost Converter at MHz Frequencies
No full textFor reliability predictions, gallium nitride
transistors require accurate estimations of the peak operating temperatures within the device. This paper presents a new application of thermoreflectance-based temperature measurements performed on a gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor. The submicron spatial and nanosecond temporal resolutions of the measurement system enables for the first time, the dynamic temperature measurement of a transistor
operating up to 5 MHz. The GaN transistor is first biased in class-A and excited with a 1 MHz AC signal to demonstrate the dynamic temperature measurement. The transistor is then incorporated in a 20–40 V DC/DC boost converter to measure the dynamic temperature distributions across the semiconductor
die operating under real loading conditions at 1 and 5 MHz switching frequencies. This technique captures the temperature variations that occur during the switching of the transistor and the recorded peak temperatures are 7.
A Low-Complexity Structure for Multi-user Massive MIMO with Binary Arrary-Receiver Based on Constructive Noise
No full textIn this paper, single-input multiple-output (SIMO)
system when employing massive binary array-receiver has been investigated while constructive noise has been observed in the single user system to detect the higher-order QAM modulated signals. To fully understand the interesting phenomenon, mathematical
model has been established and analyzed in this paper.
Theorems of the signal detectability are studied to understand the best operating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) range based on the error behaviours of the single user SIMO system. Within the observation and analysis, a novel new multiuser SIMO with binary array-receiver structure has been proposed and can be considered as a solution to deal with the high complexity problem
that the traditional model has when using maximum likelihood (ML) detection. The key idea of this approach is to set up the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) model into a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) scenario and regard each user as single user SIMO to achieve the goal of decreasing
the exponentially increased complexity of ML detection method to the number of users. It is shown by numerical results that each user in this system can achieve a promising error behaviour in
the specific best operating SNR range
Exploring alcohol consumption, psychological distress and health self-management in people with type 2 diabetes.
No full textAims: Using two data-sets, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in England and Wales, compared with people without T2DM, and to explore associations between alcohol consumption and both psychological and behavioural outcome measures in people with T2DM.
Methods: Two data-sets were used. 7,848 participants from the Health Survey for England (HSE) 2016 (549 with T2DM) completed the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and reported average weekly alcohol consumption in units. Sixty-one UK participants with T2DM were recruited through diabetes peer-support websites to complete a survey, comprising the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), WEMWBS, Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ), and Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS). Spearman’s rank correlations, Chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to explore the relationships between alcohol consumption and mental wellbeing (WEMWBS) in both samples, psychological distress (GHQ-12) from the HSE, and diabetes-related distress (DDS) and self-management (DSMQ) from the online survey.
Results: From HSE data, people with T2DM were more likely to be non-drinkers (OR=2.087) and to have poorer mental wellbeing (p<0.0005) and psychological distress (p<0.0005) than people without T2DM. Non-drinkers with T2DM had poorer mental wellbeing (p<0.0005) and psychological distress (p<0.0005) than drinkers. From the online survey, AUDIT score was not associated with general (p=0.323) or diabetes-related distress (p=0.475). A greater AUDIT score was associated with poorer glucose management (p<0.0005) and dietary control (p=0.041), but not with physical activity (p=0.229) or healthcare use (p=0.708).
Conclusions: Alcohol consumption is less prevalent among people with T2DM than the general population but may be associated with difficulties in some aspects of self-management. Drinking is associated with lower psychological distress than non-drinking among people with T2DM. Tentative clinical recommendations are made based on these findings and areas for further research are suggested.
Keywords: type 2 diabetes, alcohol, self-management, distress, wellbein
Values, situational judgement, and the clinical practice environment: A study of adult nursing students.
No full textBackground:
In England, a Values Based Recruitment (VBR) policy intends to ensure that healthcare students’ individual values align with the values of the National Health Service (NHS) Constitution. However, students’ values may become compromised with increased clinical experience, due to, for instance, distress, negative role models and hidden curricula.
Aim:
To explore potential differences in values between first, second, and third year students of adult nursing, in order to theorise whether and how such students’ values may change over the duration of their programme, upon exposure to clinical practice environments.
Objectives:
1. To develop an instrument (Situational Judgement Test, SJT) that assesses students’ congruence with the NHS Constitution values, and whether these are prioritised.
2. To establish whether the values (assessed using the SJT) of students with differing levels of experience (years one, two, and three – particularly clinical practice experience) vary.
3. To generate insights into the considerations and reflections that students have regarding SJT items, and determine whether these vary between the different year groups.
4. To verify and gain a deeper understanding of these findings in the context of students’ (practice) learning, as well as input for recommendations, through adult nursing Practice Liaison Tutors within the university.
Methods:
This research was granted a Favourable Ethical Opinion by the University of Surrey Ethics Committee. An SJT was developed (objective 1), and reliability and validity were determined with a pilot sample of 47 volunteers. Subsequently, first (n=13), second (n=15) and third (n=9) year students (total N=37) completed the SJT and participated in discussion sessions (objectives 2 and 3). Analysis took place using inferential statistics and thematic methods. Afterwards, six tutors were presented with the findings and interviewed (objective 4).
Findings:
SJT scores were highest in year one and lowest in year three (significant difference between first and third year group, F=7.28, p=.002). First year students expressed idealism. Second and third year students, however, experienced organisational hierarchy and difficulty speaking up against poor practice on their placements, at times de-prioritising the NHS Constitution values in response. Tutors could relate to these findings and suggested strategies to support students.
Discussion:
Despite the VBR policy, students’ congruence with the NHS Constitution values may become compromised with increased clinical experience. Recommendations are made for education and placement organisations to prepare students for clinical practice, address hierarchy, and provide a safe and ethical learning environment
Migration and agglomeration of adhesive micro-particle suspensions in a pressure-driven duct flow
No full textTransport of suspensions consisting of monodisperse adhesive micro-particles in a pressure-driven duct flow with the Reynolds number in the range of 5.4-108 is analysed by means of a coupled lattice Boltzmann method with the discrete element method. The influence of the adhesion on migration and agglomeration of particles is investigated. The results show that the suspensions undergo a transition from purely lateral focusing to completely agglomeration as the surface energy is increased. A dimensionless adhesion number, defined as the ratio of the adhesive force to the drag force, is employed to characterise the degree of agglomeration. It is found that all the particles come into agglomerates as the adhesion number reaches a critical value. Moreover, a detailed examination of size evolution and velocity illustrates that the agglomerates mainly grow spherically, and their velocities depend on the lateral positions rather than their sizes, as the Stokes number is far below one
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