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Dinamiche di cambiamento e prospettive future di un’area interna. Una lettura storico-geografica della Garfagnana
No full textLe parole e il potere. Scrivere la proprietà fondiaria in Italia tra V e VIII secolo
No full textI cinque saggi raccolti in questa sezione monografica rielaborano le relazioni presentate in occasione del primo workshop del progetto Lexiconomy. Attraverso un approccio di semantica storica, essi mostrano come il lessico costituisca una fonte preziosa, che consente di decifrare la complessità dei processi socio-economici e politico-istituzionali. Il campo lessicale e storico indagato dal progetto riguarda le strutture fondiarie e i secoli dal V all’VIII, con speciale riferimento alla penisola italiana: un ambito interessato da trasformazioni tanto profonde da caricarsi di valore periodizzante.The five essays collected in this monographic section revisit the presentations delivered at the first workshop of the Lexiconomy project. Employing a historical-semantics approach, they illustrate how the lexicon serves as a valuable resource for unraveling the complexity of socio-economic and political-institutional processes. The project focuses on the lexical and historical study of landholding structures during the 5th to 8th centuries, with particular attention to the Italian peninsula – an area marked by transformations so profound that they acquire period-defining significance
Standardizing the characterization of circularly polarized luminescence of chiral materials
No full textThe exciting field of circularly polarized luminescence has motivated researchers to design innovative chiral emitting systems with engineered structural and electronic features, including small organic molecules, inorganic complexes, perovskites and supramolecular and polymeric systems. The common goal is for these materials to interact very differently with left vs. right circularly polarized light, giving them the ability to modulate and transmit the polarization state of a light signal. The measured chiroptical activity is often quantified by the luminescence dissymmetry factor, which has naturally become the key parameter for characterizing the performance of chiral emitters. However, the correct quantification of this factor can be challenging due to the different photophysical processes involved and varying measurement conditions, making it difficult to reliably compare different material designs and devices. Here we offer practical advice and guidelines on measurement conditions and procedures for various classes of material, aiming to enhance the reproducibility and reliability of chiroptical measurements. We hope that these best practices will benefit the community by addressing common challenges related to inconsistencies and standardization
Exploration and generalization in deep learning with SwitchPath activations
No full textThis work provides a comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis of SwitchPath, a stochastic activation function that improves learning dynamics by probabilistically toggling between a neuron standard activation and its negation. We develop theoretical foundations and demonstrate its impact in multiple scenarios. By maintaining gradient flow and injecting controlled stochasticity, the method improves generalization, uncertainty estimation, and training efficiency. Experiments in classification show consistent gains over ReLU and Leaky ReLU across CNNs and Vision Transformers, with reduced overfitting and better test accuracy. In generative modeling, a novel two-phase training scheme significantly mitigates mode collapse and accelerates convergence. Our theoretical analysis reveals that SwitchPath introduces a form of multiplicative noise that acts as a structural regularizer. Additional empirical investigations show improved information propagation and reduced model complexity. These results establish this activation mechanism as a simple yet effective way to enhance exploration, regularization, and reliability in modern neural networks
Père Lachaise
No full textEdizione spagnola e traduzione italiana della pièce "Père Lachaise" di Itziar Pascual, preceduta da un ampio studio introduttivo (pp. 5-79) e da una aggiornata bibliografia (pp. 81-101).
DALLA QUARTA DI COPERTINA:
Père Lachaise (2003) porta in scena vivi in difficoltà e morti in pena. Cundo e sua sorella Carlota raggiungono dalla Spagna l’emblematico cimitero parigino alla ricerca della tomba del loro bisnonno, caduto in Francia combattendo contro i nazisti. Da quel luogo carico di fascino ripartiranno profondamente trasformati. Le vicissitudini dei bisnipoti si presentano come un viaggio iniziatico e la loro esperienza, in modo affine a quella delle inquiete presenze fantasmatiche che li circondano, si configura come l’uscita da un labirinto simbolico. Attraverso uno dei personaggi della pièce, lo spirito di Isadora Duncan, Itziar Pascual ricorre alla danza come metafora, al contempo, di pacificazione, di pulsione di vita e della capacità dell’arte di trascendere le frontiere e curare le ferite. La drammaturga aggiunge, così, una tessera personale al mosaico del Teatro della memoria storica, quasi incoraggiando l’accettazione e il superamento del passato attraverso la sua conoscenza e la conoscenza di sé, senza smettere, tuttavia, di evocare il sacrificio degli spagnoli che lottarono per gli ideali democratici anche fuori dai confini del loro Paese, pagando spesso un prezzo altissimo. Il loro ricordo continua a chiamare in causa l’Europa tutta
The anatomical technique of injection, dissection and colored segmentation of the venous system: Claude Gillot’s coloring technique
No full textThe ledge plant communities in a limestone cave of the Apuan area: identification and survey by UAV technology
No full textThe Apuan Alps are a mountain range in the north-west of Tuscany, part of the Tuscan Sub-Apennines. The particular geomorphology, exposure, and biogeographic location create a diversified vegetation landscape across altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. The sclerophyllous formations of the Mediterranean scrub and woods of the maritime side coexist with mesophilous broadleaf woods and grasslands at higher elevations. In this context, it is possible to find heterotopic patches of evergreen sclerophyllous vegetation in the inner mountain complex, closely linked to the external walls of limestone reliefs. These sites, often characterized by superficial and deep karst phenomena, reveal the presence of underground cavities frequented by humans since the post-glacial period. This article presents a case study involving field surveys and UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology in a limestone cave near Tenerano (Massa-Carrara, Tuscany), to identify the species and the plant communities of the site for a historical reconstruction of the natural plant landscape
Quantum Chemistry Calculations of Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL): From Spectral Modeling to Molecular Design
No full textCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL)─the emission of circularly polarized light from luminescent chiral nonracemic matter─has garnered unprecedented attention in the past decade. Once a niche technique used for the characterization of excited states, CPL has evolved to a powerful and widespread tool for developing functional materials with multiple applications. The development of novel CPL emitters is costly and time-consuming because the key CPL quantities (dissymmetry factor, glum, and CPL brightness, BCPL) often elude simple structure-to-property relationships based on existing knowledge. Today, research in the field is aided by quantum chemistry calculations which offer insight into CPL properties and serve as a predictive tool for the rational design of efficient CPL-active materials. The present review is divided into three sections: (1) a comprehensive presentation of the theoretical foundation of CPL calculations, electronic structure description, environment effects, vibronic modulation, band shape broadening, and aggregate simulation; (2) an extensive literature survey, organized according to a structural criterion; and (3) a critical reassessment of literature data, accompanied by a statistical analysis, aimed at offering the best practices for accurate CPL calculations and identifying the key structural and electronic features that enable the simulation-guided design of novel CPL emitters
Characterizing the preserved ratio impaired spirometry phenotype in all severities of asthma
No full textIntroduction: The preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) phenotype is characterized by a maintained FEV1/FVC ratio ≥70 but an abnormal FEV1<80 % predicted. Small airways dysfunction (SAD) is common amongst asthmatics and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. SAD can be assessed using oscillometry as resistance between 5 and 20Hz (Rrs5-20), reactance at 5Hz (X5) and area under the reactance curve (AX). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of PRISm and its relationship with SAD in all severities of asthma with the primary outcome of annual exacerbation rate. Methods: Data from the Oscillometry Asthma Registry comprising 937 adults with GINA-defined persistent asthma were retrospectively collected from two specialized asthma centres in UK and Italy. Multivariate analyses were performed using binary logistic regression to obtain adjusted odds ratios for the association between PRISm and exacerbation frequency and symptom control. Results: PRISm had a 19.6 % prevalence in moderate-to-severe asthma and was associated with a greater likelihood of ≥1 exacerbation [OR 95 %CI 3.00 (1.80,5.00) p < 0.001], ≥2 exacerbations [4.00 (1.86,8.59) p < 0.001] and uncontrolled symptoms [14.04 (4.87,40.50) p < 0.001] compared to patients with normal spirometry. Conversely, patients with PRISm were prescribed significantly lower ICS doses and had fewer exacerbations compared to those with airway obstruction. Conclusion: The PRISm asthma phenotype is associated with greater exacerbation frequency, poorer symptom control and a higher SAD prevalence compared to patients with normal spirometry. Future research should focus on longitudinal follow-up to confirm the progression of PRISm to obstructive patterns and assess potential therapeutic interventions to modify this trajectory