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Effects of two nights partial sleep deprivation on an evening submaximal weightlifting performance; are 1 h powernaps useful on the day of competition?
No full textWe have investigated the effects that sleep restriction (3-h sleep during two consecutive nights) have on an evening (17:00 h) submaximal weightlifting session; and whether this performance improves following a 1-h post-lunch powernap. Fifteen resistance-trained males participated in this study. Before the experimental protocol commenced, 1RM bench press and inclined leg press and normative habitual sleep were recorded. Participants were familiarised with the testing protocol, then completed three experimental conditions with two nights of prescribed sleep: (i) Normal (N): retire at 23:00 h and wake at 06:30 h, (ii) partial sleep-deprivation (SD): retire at 03:30 h and wake at 06:30 h and (iii) partial sleep-deprivation with nap (SDN): retire at 03:30 h and wake at 06:30 h with a 1-h nap at 13:00 h. Each condition was separated by at least 7 days and the order of administration was randomised and counterbalanced. Rectal (Trec) and mean skin (Ts) temperatures, Profile of Mood Scores, subjective tiredness, alertness and sleepiness values were measured at 08:00, 11:00, 14:00 and 17:00 h on the day of the weightlifting session. Following the final temperature measurements at 17:00 h, participants completed a 5-min active warm-up before a ‘strength’ protocol. Participants performed three repetitions of right-hand grip strength, then three repetitions at each incremental load (40%, 60% and 80% of 1RM) for bench press and inclined leg press, with a 5-min recovery in between each repetition. A linear encoder was attached perpendicular to the movement, to the bar used for the exercises. Average power (AP), average force (AF), peak velocity (PV), distance (D) and time-to-peak velocity (tPV) were measured (MuscleLab software) during the concentric phase of the movements for each lift. Data were analysed using general linear models with repeated measures. The main findings were that SD reduced maximal grip (2.7%), bench press (11.2% AP, 3.3% AF and 9.4% PV) and leg press submaximal values (5.7% AP) with a trend for a reduction in AF (3.3% P = 0.06). Furthermore, RPE increased for measures of grip strength, leg and bench press during SD. Following a 1-h powernap (SDN), values of grip and bench press improved to values similar in N, as did tiredness, alertness and sleepiness. There was a main effect for “load” on the bar for both bench and leg press where AP, AF, tPV values increased with load (P < 0.05) and PV decreased from the lightest to the heaviest load for both bench and leg press. An interaction of “load and condition” was present in leg press only, where the rate of change of AP is greater in the N than SD and SDN conditions. In addition, for PV and tPV the rate of change was greater for SDN than N or SD condition values. In summary, SD had a negative effect on grip strength and some components of bench and inclined leg press. The use of a 1-h power nap that ended 3 h before the “strength” assessment had a positive effect on weightlifting performance, subjective mood and ratings of tiredness
Becoming sociological: a brief historical review of leisure in the social survey 1880–1939
Get PDFAdopting the social survey as an analytical tool, this paper explores the origins of a sociology of leisure. Modern social understandings of leisure were formed in the expansion of the social sciences in the late nineteenth century in parallel with the growth of systematic and scientifically informed social work. In both Great Britain and the United States of America the survey became a widely adopted method of gathering data to inform social work. Through advances in social work and the settlement movement’s association with universities an embryonic sociology of leisure had emerged by 1914. After the First World War leisure became a field of policy discourse in post-war reconstruction and the subject of large scale surveys in both countries. These surveys give insight to new and changing sociological understandings of leisure which provided the foundations for the formal recognition of leisure as a sociological field in the late twentieth century
Climate change model as a decision support tool for water resources management in northern Iraq: a case study of Greater Zab River
Get PDFThe northern region of Iraq heavily depends on rivers, such as the Greater Zab, for water supply and
irrigation. Thus, river water management in light of future climate change is of paramount
importance in the region. In this study, daily rainfall and temperature obtained from the Greater Zab
catchment, for 1961–2008, were used in building rainfall and evapotranspiration models using
LARS-WG and multiple linear regressions, respectively. A rainfall–runoff model, in the form of
autoregressive model with exogenous factors, has been developed using observed flow, rainfall and
evapotranspiration data. The calibrated rainfall–runoff model was subsequently used to investigate
the impacts of climate change on the Greater Zab flows for the near (2011–2030), medium
(2046–2065), and far (2080–2099) futures. Results from the impacts model showed that the
catchment is projected to suffer a significant reduction in total annual flow in the far future; with
more severe drop during the winter and spring seasons in the range of 25 to 65%. This would have
serious ramifications for the current agricultural activities in the catchment. The results could be of
significant benefits for water management planners in the catchment as they can be used in
allocating water for different users in the catchment
Positive psychology: an overview for use in mental health nursing
Get PDFThis article considers the upcoming series of Continuing Professional Development papers that explore the meaning of positive psychology and the importance of applying the latest research findings, in particular, for the wellbeing of the mental health workforce. It takes a personal perspective on how the topic has become one of independent research in higher education. It outlines a range of research based positive psychology interventions and indicates how these will be covered from a theoretical and practical perspective. It provides a soundboard for team leaders to consider how to bring in the principles to develop effective team working and further recognise the importance of maintaining staff wellbeing.
What is Positive Psychology?
“ Oh I’m H-A-P-P-Y, I know I am , yes I’m H-A-P-P-Y. “ The title of this well -known song seems to be the backing track to so many articles in the media today on the pursuit of happiness and how we all deserve it. I agree that we all deserve to have the opportunities to improve our mental state but fall far short of the expectation that relentless happiness should be the expected goal. As we know working in mental health, the people who experience prolonged ‘happy states’ also experience often disabling effects that go along with it. Positive psychology is not about acquiring the state of perennial happiness. It is , however, about scientifically studying phenomena that helps researchers understand what is good about human beings and not the more commonplace assessment of what is wrong with them
The growing adoption of Internet of Things on supply chains
Get PDFThere has been a vast development within the span of three centuries of industrial
revolution with the introduction of modern technology. The gradual but steady adoption of different technologies including Internet of Things (IoT) in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is now a growing research area including identifying ways for industries to operate their functions. The implementation of IoT in all aspects of human life, which results a fast paced daily life activities is a clear indication that the future is here now. The potentials for cost reduction and profit maximisation have been realised by the involved corporations and a significant number of them is already investing heavily
on the new technologies. Scientists now believe that empowering the Internet of Things (IoT) to have artificial intelligence (AI) could help human beings to complete works more smartly and efficiently. The paper aims to focus on the impacts of IoT that affects the supply change management and will explain the reasons that have led to the ever-growing adoption of IoT
The global perception of industry 4.0 for reverse logistics
Get PDFIndustry 4.0 (I 4.0) is currently recognised as a collective expression for different technologies. The gradual but steady adoption of different technologies in industry 4.0 plays a vital role in different areas of industries. Reverse logistics has been now a growing research area including identifying ways for industries to operate efficiently with industry 4.0. The potentials for cost reduction and profit maximisation have been realised by the involved corporations and a significant number of them is already investing heavily on the new technologies that result in efficient reverse logistics and performance. Researchers now believe that improving the reverse logistics results in sustainable developments in the current competitive market. In this paper researcher aims to focus on the impacts of Industry 4.0 over the reverse logistics
Going to the dogs. A history of Greyhound racing in Britain, 1926-2017,
No full textBook review of "Going to the dogs. A history of Greyhound racing in Britain, 1926-2017" by Keith Laybourn, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 201