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Game theory-based authentication framework to secure internet of vehicles with blockchain
Get PDFThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a new paradigm for vehicular networks. Using diverse access methods, IoV enables vehicles to connect with their surroundings. However, without data security, IoV settings might be hazardous. Because of the IoV’s openness and self-organization, they are prone to malevolent attack. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a revolutionary blockchain-enabled game theory-based authentication mechanism for securing IoVs. Here, a three layer multi-trusted authorization solution is provided in which authentication of vehicles can be performed from initial entry to movement into different trusted authorities’ areas without any delay by the use of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) in the beginning and later through duel gaming, and a dynamic Proof-of-Work (dPoW) consensus mechanism. Formal and informal security analyses justify the framework’s credibility in more depth with mathematical proofs. A rigorous comparative study demonstrates that the suggested framework achieves greater security and functionality characteristics and provides lower transaction and computation overhead than many of the available solutions so far. However, these solutions never considered the prime concerns of physical cloning and side-channel attacks. However, the framework in this paper is capable of handling them along with all the other security attacks the previous work can handle. Finally, the suggested framework has been subjected to a blockchain implementation to demonstrate its efficacy with duel gaming to achieve authentication in addition to its capability of using lower burdened blockchain at the physical layer, which current blockchain-based authentication models for IoVs do not support
Achieving sustainability by rectifying challenges in IoT based smart cities
Get PDFIt has become mandatory for traditional cities to be converted into
smart cities for the benefit of giving citizens a better lifestyle. The large amounts
of people migrating towards smart cities has increased the requirements of a sustainable smart city with the assistance of cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT)
devices such as active sensors and smartphones. When implementing these cloud
applications that are IoT-based, there are several challenges including security
and privacy of data in the devices, and satisfaction with the smart services provided. Previous research done revealed that the primary challenge was privacy
and security, while current research emphasizes on the security of the smart devices, and the awareness and satisfaction of customers with them. In this paper,
we used a qualitative and quantitative approach to attain sustainability. Under the
qualitative analysis, we proposed a 5-Layer Smart City framework based on IoT,
making use of various technologies such as fog computing, Artificial Intelligence, edge computing, Machine Learning, actuators, cloud computing, Deep
Learning, sensors, etc. In the quantitative analysis, we carried out a smart city
survey to gather knowledge about the citizens’ level of satisfaction and awareness. The study was carried out on a minimal scale because of limited resources
and time; however, it still provides a possible solution to the issues encountered
Internet of Things (IoT) to foster communication and information sharing
No full textIoT is a rapidly emerging technology in education that attracts researchers, students, and administrators. This chapter reviews the opportunities and challenges of the IoT to determine whether there are potential communication and information sharing cultures in higher education institutions (HEIs). Despite the findings revealing stakeholders' demand for a better collaborative learning environment and better information sharing capabilities, IoT has various security and interoperability concerns that present an unattractive prospect for HE stakeholders to embrace IoT. IoT has the potential to meet HEIs system expectations, though stakeholders remain distant toward embracing IoTs. This indicates that stakeholders are not ready to embrace IoTs, thus prompting the need to study why stakeholders are resistant towards the IoT
Calcified morality and the new heroism: Jennifer Egan’s monstrous futures
Get PDFIn her stories “Pure Language” (2010) and “Black Box” (2012), Jennifer Egan evinces concern with the complex relationship(s) between technology, morality and narrative in a post-9/11 Western world. In “Pure Language” we see the digital handset symptomatizing, facilitating and challenging a generation’s collective eschewal of individual moral responsibility; in ‘Black Box’, the figure of the cyborg embodies, performs and critiques the role of the ‘hero’ in the context of a U.S. nationalism characterized by the escalation of mass political factionalism. In this paper, I argue that Egan utilizes both these motifs and the character of Lulu (featured in both stories), as a way of working through how we might exist
as moral agents in a world that is increasingly both politically polarized and technologically hybridized
SMOTE-DRNN: A deep learning algorithm for botnet detection in the Internet-of-Things networks
Get PDFNowadays, hackers take illegal advantage of distributed resources in a network of computing devices (i.e., botnet) to launch cyberattacks against the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, diverse Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) methods were proposed to detect botnet attacks in IoT networks. However, highly imbalanced network traffic data in the training set often degrade the classification performance of state-of-the-art ML and DL models, especially in classes with relatively few samples. In this paper, we propose an efficient DL-based botnet attack detection algorithm that can handle highly imbalanced network traffic data. Specifically, Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) generates additional minority samples to achieve class balance, while Deep Recurrent Neural Network (DRNN) learns hierarchical feature representations from the balanced network traffic data to perform discriminative classification. We develop DRNN and SMOTE-DRNN models with the Bot-IoT dataset, and the simulation results show that high-class imbalance in the training data adversely affects the precision, recall, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), geometric mean (GM) and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of the DRNN model. On the other hand, the SMOTE-DRNN model achieved better classification performance with 99.50% precision, 99.75% recall, 99.62% F1 score, 99.87% AUC, 99.74% GM and 99.62% MCC. Additionally, the SMOTE-DRNN model outperformed state-of-the-art ML and DL models
A study of global recession recovery strategies in highly ranked GDP EU countries
Get PDFThe Global financial crisis of 2008-2009 severely impacted the developed economies of the world. It occurred at a time when most countries had started gaining economic growth, stability, and vibrance. Each country experienced a jolt to its economy, causing financial fragility, shocks, tragedy, and struggle. Attempts have been made to understand the root causes, economic instability, and the lessons learned from the great recession. Given the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research paper seeks to examine the global recession, its effect on the economy and finances. Our research is based on the qualitative analysis of comparing the impact of the global financial crisis and strategic recovery recession plans of the top five GDP countries in the European Union-particularly Germany, the UK, France, Spain, and Italy to draw some similarities between a recession and COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the economy. The findings indicate that the great recession had a devastating impact on the entire economy, and the world can learn valuable lessons. It notes that out of the selected five EU countries, Germany was the first to recover and bounce back by 2011, but Italy and Spain were severely hit and took longer to recover only partially. The recession recovery strategies demonstrate some similarities in economic and employment measures and differences concerning tax reforms and financial support packages initiated by all five countries. There needs to be a mechanism in which each country must prepare for untimely recessions. Thus, a developmental model has been created to enable countries to be more prepared when faced with recessions in the future years
Be honest – why did YOU decide to study Psychology? A recent graduate and a professor reflect
No full textUnderstanding student motivation is key to unlocking higher student satisfaction and allowing teachers
to meet the expectations of their students. Psychology students have their own unique motivations. Using
autoethnographic methods, a recent graduate and a professor of psychology come together to recall our own
experiences from the classroom. From these, we arrive at definitions for two psychology student motivations
that have stood out to us. We suggest how understanding motivations such as these can be beneficial for
students and teachers alike. We discuss the benefits and limitations of using autoethnography to give our
first-hand accounts, demonstrating the potential of this lesser-known methodology as a valid way to bring
educational experiences into journals
Evaluating a new trauma and critical care management course for nurses.
No full textA new practical-based course for nurses on the management of major trauma has been developed using high-level simulation and moulage to deliver education based on established trauma competencies. The Nurse Trauma and Critical Care course was developed by nurses with input from the Anaesthesia Trauma and Critical Care group and has been accredited by the Royal College of Surgeons. This article describes the development of the course and discusses the findings of a course evaluation that aimed to measure candidates' confidence and knowledge after completion
Positive psychology: humour and its role within mental health nursing
No full textThis is the eleventh article in a series that explores the meaning of positive psychology and the importance it has on the wellbeing of the mental health workforce. It focuses on positive psychology interventions that help to develop humour and considers how the uplifting effect of humour can be experienced through contemporary use in the field of mental health nursing. This article will connect theories of humour that link to wellbeing. It introduces the concept of positive psychology and its links with humour. Finally, it follows with the application of humour within the nursing context. The practical activities provided in the article will help the reader increase their own awareness of their own character strength of humour, observe the type of humour they use and consider ways to develop its use and transferability within their own lifestyle
Future role of sustainable innovative technologies in crisis management
No full textThe increasing use of innovative technologies by global businesses has sparked debate about their application in crisis resolution. Resolution tools can be used by global businesses to manage various types of crisis situations, such as natural disasters, information security issues, economic downturns, health crisis situations, and sustainability issues in education, among others. Further study and consideration of the uses of technology in the areas of crisis and change management and intra-company communication practice in the context of global business must be done to ensure successful and sustainable businesses.
Future Role of Sustainable Innovative Technologies in Crisis Management raises awareness of the multifaceted field of new technology in crisis management that has resulted in a paradigm shift in the way contemporary industries and global businesses communicate and conduct their daily business operations. This book defines the scope of innovative technologies as the application of new technologies to support the resolution of various types of crisis situations to achieve regulatory compliance and improved risk management in an effective and automated manner. Covering topics such as sustainable business and disaster scenarios, this reference work is ideal for managers, entrepreneurs, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students