University of Naples Federico II
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Multienzyme engineering in the cellar: Versatile biotechnological potential of pectolytic-based clarification enzymes in rosé winemaking
No full textCommercial pectolytic enzymes are widely used in winemaking for must clarification, but their side activities remain scarcely explored. The present study evaluated three commercial clarification enzymes (E1, E2, E3) for their collateral activities and their technological impact in both laboratory-scale and pilot-scale rosé winemaking. Enzymatic assays revealed that E1 exhibited the broadest and most intense accessory activity profile, including significant hemicellulolytic and glycosidase activities. Laboratory trials highlighted beneficial side effects, including increased yeast assimilable nitrogen and decreased calcium ions, an impact of potential interest for calcium tartrate stabilization. Pilot-scale rosé winemaking with Bombino nero and Primitivo grapes demonstrated that clarification enzymes can significantly modulate rosé wine composition, affecting colour indices and volatile profiles in a cultivar-dependent manner. Commercial pectolytic preparations can be considered versatile enzymatic cocktails that can be tailored to grape properties to optimise wine complexity and stability, moving beyond basic clarification toward multienzyme engineering
Il voto alle donne in Russia e Finlandia
No full textPresentazione del libro sul diritto di voto alle donne pubblicato da il Mulino, nel quale si trattano numerosi casi nazionali in un quadro globale che abbraccia i diversi continenti
Tutor della dottoranda dott.ssa Brigitta Marieclaire Catalano – Dottorato di Ricerca “Diritti umani. Teoria, storia e prassi, LXI ciclo
No full textCastigo y justicia restaurativa en el sistema canónico, vaticano e penal italiano a la luz de las reformas recientes
No full textFunzione della pena nel diritto penale canonico, vaticano e italian
Effect of pH adjustment on wetting mitigation in textile wastewater treatment by membrane distillation
No full textThe textile industry has long been associated with significant environmental challenges due to the generation of recalcitrant wastewater, containing complex chemical mixture that pose severe threats to ecosystems and human health. This study focuses on the role of pH adjustment in improving the pretreatment process for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) applied to real textile wastewater. By implementing a pH adjustment step (pH 6.14, 7.40, and 9.06) prior to sedimentation and filtration, the pretreatment process was significantly enhanced, reducing wetting, and improving permeate quality. GC–MS analysis identified specific organic molecules causing wetting, including volatile organic acids and alcohol derivatives, revealing that the rejection mechanism is primarily driven by the relationship between the wastewater pH and the pKa of these compounds. Adjusting the pH above the pKa converts these acidic contaminants into ionic, non-volatile forms, effectively preventing their passage into the permeate. This study highlights the importance of pH optimization in advancing DCMD as a sustainable solution for textile wastewater treatment. The proposed approach aligns with circular economy principles, enabling water reuse in textile processes, reducing freshwater consumption, and minimizing environmental discharge
Lipid–Polymer Nanoparticles (LiPoNs) Mediated Codelivery of AntimiR-21 and Gadolinium Chelate in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Theranostics
No full textRNA-based interventions are particularly promising for next-generation therapeutic strategies and hold significant potential when integrated with diagnostic modalities. Among noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and represent compelling targets for cancer therapy. However, their clinical translation remains hindered by instability, off-target effects, and limited delivery efficiency. Here, we report the microfluidic synthesis of hybrid lipid–polymer nanoparticles (LiPoNs) that co-deliver an AntimiR-21 and the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent gadolinium diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA). The LiPoNs were obtained using coupled Hydrodynamic Flow Focusing (cHFF), enabling precise control over lipid–polymer self-assembly and surpassing the compositional limitations reported with conventional micromixers. The resulting AntimiR-21–Gd-DTPA–LiPoNs exhibited an average hydrodynamic diameter of 124 nm, narrow polydispersity (PDI < 0.2), and encapsulation efficiency up to 60%. In MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, treatment with AntimiR-21–LiPoNs induced suppression of miR-21 and a corresponding decrease in migratory capacity, demonstrating effective functional delivery and gene expression modulation. These findings establish a versatile microfluidic platform for engineering multifunctional lipid–polymer nanostructures whose hybrid architecture combines the biocompatibility and membrane fusion capability of lipids with the structural robustness and controlled release properties of polymers, thereby advancing RNA-based theranostic design for precision oncology and related applications
Colorimetric aptasensor for exosome detection in breast cancer liquid biopsy
No full textExosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry molecular signatures reflective of their cells of origin, making them attractive biomarkers for liquid biopsy applications. In this study, we present a rapid and highly specific colorimetric aptasensor for the detection of Gremlin-1 (GREM1)-expressing exosomes in serum. The sensing strategy relies on the disaggregation of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) clusters, initially formed by NaCl-induced aggregation, upon selective binding of the target. AuNPs were functionalized with a thiolated Ex.50.T aptamer specifically recognizing exosomal GREM1, and the binding event triggers a measurable spectral shift in the plasmonic profile. A detection limit below 106 exosomes/mL was achieved using serial dilutions of purified exosomes isolated from breast cancer serum samples, demonstrating the method’s sensitivity and robustness under controlled conditions. Applied to 100 clinical serum samples, the assay demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity—values comparable to those of mammography—without requiring extensive sample processing. Comparative analysis with commercial ELISA and Ex.50.T aptamer-based ELONA confirmed the superior discriminatory power of the method proposed here. Transmission electron microscopy further corroborated the mechanism by revealing exosomes physically disrupting AuNP aggregates. These results highlight the diagnostic potential of exosome-focused sensing strategies and establish this aptamer-based colorimetric platform as a promising candidate for non-invasive screening of breast cancer through liquid biopsy
Multimodality Imaging Approach in the Diagnosis of Constrictive Pericarditis
No full textConstrictive pericarditis (CP) results from persistent or insufficiently controlled pericardial inflammation arising from diverse etiologies. It remains a challenging clinical condition, typically presenting with non-specific symptoms that demand a high degree of clinical suspicion and meticulous imaging assessment. As CP progressively impairs both left- and right-sided cardiac function, it can lead to overt heart failure and a marked decline in quality of life, making early recognition crucial. Multimodality imaging plays an essential role in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of CP, enabling distinction from restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM), detection of active pericardial inflammation, and guidance of therapeutic decision-making. Echocardiography provides key hemodynamic insights, including ventricular interdependence and respiratory variation in flow patterns. Cardiac Computed Tomography (CT) offers high-resolution delineation of pericardial thickening and calcification, while Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) allows comprehensive characterization of pericardial anatomy, myocardial-pericardial coupling, and inflammatory burden through late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and parametric mapping. Additionally, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can identify metabolically active inflammation, aiding in determining the suitability of medical therapy versus pericardiectomy. By integrating these complementary modalities, clinicians can achieve greater diagnostic precision, refine risk stratification, and tailor management strategies, ultimately improving outcomes for patients with constrictive pericarditis
Condizioni di efficacia di politiche urbane innovative
No full textBreve rassegna critica di esperienze di innovative nell'ambito delel politiche urbane di alcune città Italiane in riferimento al problema della casa
