University of Naples Federico II
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Mining social media data to track environmental disaster events
No full textThe increasing prevalence of social media usage has led to the emergence of mining social media data as a valuable resource for disaster response. Mining their textual data presents opportunities and challenges. Advanced techniques in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning enable the extraction of relevant information while effectively filtering out noise and misinformation. Real-world cases, such as Hurricane Harvey (2017), Hurricane Ida (2021), Hurricane Milton (2024), and Hurricane Melissa (2025) highlight the important role of social media in coordinating disaster relief efforts and enhancing situational awareness. Challenges include unstructured and ambiguous data, diverse user credibility, and overwhelming data volume. The aim of this research is to develop a methodology that integrates textual classification of social media data, spatial and temporal analysis, and visual analytics to provide rapid responses during natural disasters
Improved HDL, LDL and total cholesterol levels following a 3-month administration of Mentha spicata leaf extract and Amaranthus caudatus seed flour extracts, flavonoids and B vitamins. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial
No full textBackground and aims: We have evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of two food supplements (FS) containing flavonoids (naringin and hesperidin); same doses of B3, B6, B9 and B12 vitamins, and two different doses of a blend of Mentha spicata leaf extract and Amaranthus caudatus seed flour, in subjects with borderline high total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Methods and results: 114 Participants (18–70 years) with TC levels 200–239 mg/dL, (5.18–6.19 mmol/L) and LDL-C (<159 mg/dL) were randomised into three groups to receive for 90 days the lowest (n = 38, Treatment A), the highest dose of the FS (n = 38 – Treatment B), or placebo (n = 38). Treatment B was associated with a significant reduction in LDL-C (∼31.5 mg/dL;-22%) and TC (∼19.5 mg/dL; -9%), along with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The greater efficacy of Treatment B containing the highest dose of vegetable extracts is likely attributable to its higher M. spicata extract content, as judged by high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of the preparation. Conclusion: The combination of different FS ingredients with different mechanisms of action can be a valuable strategy for improving lipid profiles in subjects with borderline high TC and LDL-C levels
Two Families of W-Methods: Analysis and Application on Battery Models
No full textThis paper focuses on the efficient numerical solution of stiff initial value problems arising from the spatial discretization of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). In particular, this work shows an efficient implementation of two families of linearly implicit numerical methods recently introduced in the scientific literature: the TASE-W methods and the singly TASE-Runge-Kutta methods. These methods are derived exploiting the so-called TASE (Time-Accurate and highly Stable Explicit) operators, and are particular cases of W-methods. We deeply analyze the properties of consistency, stability, and computational cost of TASE-W and singly TASE-Runge-Kutta methods, employing them for the solution of a system of two coupled PDEs for the description of the charge/discharge processes in electric batteries
High order nonstandard finite-difference methods
No full textNonstandard finite difference (NSFD) methods have been considered to overcome some issues of standard methods, particularly when the numerical solution must preserve important properties of the exact solution. These issues increase for high order methods. In this paper we first derive a general procedure to obtain unconditionally positive second order NSFD methods. Furthermore, by suitably adding some parameters αi within these schemes, we show that it is still possible to get positivity, and also to preserve other qualitative properties of the exact solution. In fact, for each particular problem we can get optimal values of αi that guarantee positivity, elementary stability and the minimization of the local truncation error, being possible to achieve also third order nonstandard schemes, which are not present in the literature. As an example of use, we employ the developed theory to derive positive and elementary stable NSFD methods of order one, two and three for a predator-prey model, showing their advantages over other nonstandard methods from the literature
Comparative analysis of antibiotic-administered vs. antibiotic-free farming in meat production: Implications for health, environment, and antibiotic resistance
Full text linkAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health problem, endangering human, animal, and environmental health. In animal farming, the widespread use of antimicrobials is recognized one of the major drivers of AMR. Therefore, this review provides a meta-analysis of 37 studies published between 2014 and 2024, comparing the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in antibiotic-free (ABF) versus conventional animal farming (CONV) systems. The statistical analysis revealed that CONV farms exhibited a higher likelihood of harboring ARGs, with a pooled odds ratio of 2.38 (95 % CI: 2.00–2.83) in the fixed-effects model and 3.21 (95 % CI: 1.68–6.13) in the random-effects model. Significant heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 82.8 %, p < 0.0001), highlighting the variations across the study designs. However, ARGs were still detected in 97 % of ABF farms, suggesting that antibiotic reduction alone may not be enough to control AMR in animal farming. These findings underscore the complex nature of AMR, influenced by environmental contamination, microbial interactions, human practices, and ecological pressures such as climate change. Future strategies should adopt a holistic One Health approach to effectively mitigate AMR risks across sectors and safeguard public and planetary health
First Identification of the Alien Species Mimosina affinis Millet, 1900, in the Tyrrhenian Sea
No full textIn recent decades, the Mediterranean Sea has been experiencing faunal changes associated with the impact of biological invasions resulting from the influx of invasive alien species (IAS). During the CNR-ISMAR Carg0222 oceanographic cruise, Mimosina affinis, a benthic foraminifera species of Indo-Pacific origin previously reported in more eastern sectors of the Mediterranean, was detected in the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the seafloor off the Italian coast. The study of benthic foraminiferal assemblages, conducted along with sedimentological analysis of seafloor deposits, allowed to reconstruct the distribution of Mimosina affinis in the investigated area and define its relationship with seabed characteristics. The species is commonly found in samples collected at a water depth not shallower than nine metres, showing a preference for silty fine sand sediments. The abundance of the species, in terms of relative abundance, is higher in biocoenoses than in thanatocoenoses, suggesting that the species is established and actively spreading in the studied area
A Novel Approach for the Generation of Satellite Pattern of Life
No full textIn an overly crowded space environment, detection, tracking and characterization of Resident Space Objects have become critical tasks. Given the increasing challenge of accomplishing these tasks in the presence of maneuvers, establishing the possible recursive behaviour of the satellite, i.e., its Pattern of Life, can be an invaluable help. The Pattern of Life of a Resident Space Object also plays a critical role in predicting when the satellite is expected to maneuver, which can serve both civilian (improving tracking capability) and military purposes (identifying anomalous maneuvers performed by unfriendly assets). In this context, this paper presents a definition of the pattern of life based on satellite orbital parameters and maneuvers statistics, which is applicable in different orbital domains. The developed method is first validated using synthetically generated test cases, simulating LEO orbit maintenance maneuvers, and then tested on real test cases to assess its performance in realistic operational scenarios
Costituzione, Comuni, diritto all’abitare
No full textLa relazione prende spunto dalla sentenza n. 186 del 2025 della Corte costituzionale, soffermandosi in modo particolare sui poteri dei Comuni e il diritto all'abitare
Storia e modelli della "prevenzione amministrativa"
No full textIl contributo analizza l'evoluzione normativa e strutturale delle misure di prevenzione amministrativa deputate a contrastare fenomeni di infiltrazione della criminalità mafiosa nelle imprese e nel circuito economico legale, mirando ad evidenziare come l'attuale sistema presenti importanti differenze con quello previgente, al punto da potersi parlare di un modello pluralista di prevenzione amministrativa