Parthenope University of Naples
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Generative Artificial Intelligence in the healthcare ecosystem: a game-changer for performance measurement.
No full textHealthcare systems function as interconnected ecosystems comprising several stakeholders, including hospitals,
clinics, public institutions, and pharmaceutical companies. Effective inter-organizational collaboration enhances clinical
outcomes, resource allocation, and knowledge sharing. However, growing complexity necessitates a shift toward an
ecosystem perspective characterized by dynamic governance, interdependence, and shared value creation. In this
evolving landscape, Performance Measurement Systems (PMSs) are crucial for aligning actors’ interests and optimizing
efficiency. Yet, traditional PMSs struggle to adapt to fast-changing digital environments, limiting their effectiveness in
real-time performance evaluation. This study examines how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) influences
performance measurement within healthcare ecosystems. Using an experimental approach, ChatGPT 4.0 was applied to
assess healthcare performance in an Italian region, leveraging a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) dashboard focusing
on care quality, resource utilization, and overall performance. ChatGPT was tested in generating performance insights,
identifying patterns, and developing best practices to enhance decision-making. Preliminary findings suggest three key
advantages of integrating GenAI into PMSs: (1) improved objectivity and accuracy in performance evaluation, (2)
optimized decision-making through real-time data analysis, and (3) a more holistic assessment via human-AI
collaboration. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding transparency, accountability, and the “black-box”
effect in AI-driven decision-making. This research bridges a critical gap in AI-driven performance evaluation,
contributing to both academic discourse and managerial practice. It underscores the need for institutional support and
regulatory frameworks to ensure ethical and effective AI implementation. Ultimately, this study highlights the
transformative potential of GenAI in shaping the future of healthcare ecosystems
Il Tribunale di Napoli in tema di concussione ospedaliera e altre ipotesi di "abuso lucrativo" del medico
No full textI casi di ‘privatizzazione’ della prestazione medico-sanitaria finiscono sovente con l’essere adombrati dal sospetto che il professionista abbia voluto abusare della condizione di debolezza del proprio paziente per ottenere indebite remunerazioni. Occorre tuttavia essere rigorosi nell’opera di riconduzione di tali episodi di monetizzazione delle attività terapeutiche e chirurgiche entro un possibile quadro di rilevanza penale, poiché è elevato il rischio di lasciarsi trasportare da pregiudizi emotivi ed altri fenomeni di precomprensione dei fatti. In costanza, per di più, di un quadro di riferimento normativo – quello che racchiude le fattispecie di reato potenzialmente coinvolte (la concussione, l’induzione indebita, la corruzione, ecc.) – sempre ‘appeso’ al limite dell’indeterminatezza. La sentenza in commento appare particolarmente meritoria e degna di segnalazione proprio per la sua capacità di offrire un valido schema operativo da adottare per far sì che i giudizi di tipicità – mai facili in queste vicende ‘di relazione’ – si muovano entro un perimetro di sufficiente razionalità punitiva
NLP-Driven Analysis of Users’ Reaction for Estimation of Information Disorder Propagation
No full textThe increasing spread of social media has equally increased the spread of disinformation and misinformation, which poses a significant risk to democracy, journalism, and public trust. In particular, spreading fake news leads individuals to make decisions based on fake information. To solve this problem, artificial intelligence can assist humans in detecting fake content. This paper presents a system design that seeks to evaluate the spreading of news as either real or fake using techniques like Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and Natural Language Processing (NLP). Developed micro-services architecture leverages learning-based mechanisms to analyze user’s reactions and profiling mechanisms for community detection. Using stylometric and sentiment analysis techniques, the system analyzes behavioral patterns of disinformation and associating them with relevant target audiences. The proposed approach integrates STIX-represented attacks with the tactics, techniques, and procedures defined by the DISARM framework, providing a structured view of attacks and countermeasures to improve response strategies
Very fast canyon formation and evolution along active volcanic flanks: A case from Stromboli Island
No full textActive insular volcanoes are generally characterized by their rapid morphological evolution, as a close interplay exists between eruptive activity and erosive-depositional processes in such volcanoes. The Sciara del Fuoco depression, a sector collapse scar on the NW flank of the Stromboli volcano (Italy), is considered a natural laboratory for studying the response of a volcanic slope to such a dynamic evolution. In this study, we report the very fast morphological evolution that affected the subaerial and submarine Sciara del Fuoco slope from May 2022 to May 2023, a period of time marked by the occurrence of two crater rim failures, pyroclastic density currents and multiple lava flows. The analysis of repeated topo-bathymetric surveys demonstrates that a narrow (100 m wide at maximum) and steep-sided canyon, tens of meters deep, formed in the central part of the Sciara del Fuoco. The canyon was mainly related to the erosive activity of the pyroclastic density currents, which led to the remobilization of (at least) 3.7 × 106 m3 volcanic material, mainly in the subaerial slope. The canyon was initially formed by retrogressive erosion upslope, starting from an initial submarine/coastal landslide. It then evolved through a progressive widening of its flanks through small-scale landslides. The study shows that landslide location, as well as the final canyon shape, were strongly controlled by the lithological limits of previous lava flows, highlighting the importance of inherited morpho-stratigraphy and lateral heterogeneities in slope stability. Since its formation, the canyon has acted as a main conduit for lava flows and volcaniclastic materials supplied on their way to the sea. About 1 × 106 m3 of material filled the subaerial canyon floor through time, and another 1 × 106 m3 of slope accretion was estimated for the submarine part of the Sciara del Fuoco, down to 400 m below sea level. Comparing the volumes associated with slope erosion and accretion, it is evident that a large part of the remobilized material bypassed the Sciara del Fuoco shallow-water sector and was emplaced at greater depths. This study highlights the relevance of an integrated system for monitoring the submarine and subaerial morphological evolution of insular volcanic flanks, contributing to an improved geohazard assessment during eruptive crises
Damage to ultrasound transducers, cables, and connectors. A pictorial guide to prevention, detection, and management
No full textPurpose: All ultrasound scanner components, including transducer arrays, cables, and connectors, may undergo a number of damages, due to injuries, overuse, and aging. Damages impact on image quality, patient safety and healthcare budgets. Probes, particularly represent very important, sophisticated, and expensive components. This review aims to illustrate common forms of damage and educate ultrasound operators on how to recognize, manage, and prevent them. Methods: Through the years we have collected a number of images related to damages to ultrasound equipment, including their appearance on the ultrasound screen, such artifact in B-mode image, color artifact, and noise in image. Based on our experience and a literature review, we provide information and recommendations for recognizing and managing such damage. Results: Common causes of probe damage include improper handling, transport, cleaning, storage, and reprocessing. Main damages are defective cable conditions, acoustic lens issues, crystal damage, transducer house assembly cracks, multiplexer scanning image issue, strain relief condition, connector issues, gel issue/matching layer swelling, and leakage of probe oil. Conclusion: Ultrasound operators must be aware of probe damage and respond promptly to signs of malfunction. This vigilance may prevent irreversible harm and enable repair rather than replacement. Proactive care and regular inspections are essential. Periodic inspection and quality control tests must be scheduled. Remote control of the scanners by the manufacturer may also be helpful
Signal Processing Methods to Enhance the Power Oscillation Damping Control Parameters Setting in Inverter-Based Resources: Damping Factor Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis
No full textReducing the Environmental Impact of an Operating Room: A Digital Twin Approach
No full textEnvironmental pollution is a critical issue that needs attention from policymakers, particularly considering the healthcare sector’s substantial carbon footprint. This study explores the environmental impact of healthcare activities, highlighting the significant contribution of hospital operations that increase air pollution through energy consumption and waste generation. Our analysis is on the production of anesthetic gases and intensive water usage in hospital facilities are identified as primary pollutants. To address these challenges, the research examines the potential strategy of digital twins (DT) and life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies to optimize resource management and reduce emissions in healthcare settings. In our study through agent-based modeling (ABM), we simulated different scenarios to evaluate the environmental consequences of different strategies. This research aims to provide insights for healthcare organizations to implement more sustainable practices and technologies, and for mitigating the environmental impact of the operations in hospital rooms. The research highlights that there are alternatives that are more environmentally friendly even though it is necessary to make initial investments
SUBJECT-SPECIFIC COMPETENCIES OF SLOVENIAN PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS REGARDING GENDER AND YEARS OF TEACHING
No full textThis cross-sectional study was designed to analyse the subject-specific professional competencies of Slovenian physical education teachers (PETs) according to their gender and years of teaching. The participants evaluated their professional competencies (N=40) with self-administered questionnaire on a four-level Likert scale.
Factor analysis is used for the examination of the internal
structure of the competencies field and MANOVA is used
to determine differences in belief statements about their
competencies between three groups of PETs with different
gender and years of teaching. There is a discrepancy in
self-efficacy to teach physical education (PE) between
PETs of both genders with less years of teaching (<10y)
and those with more years of teaching (>20). Teachers
with less years of teaching (<10y) evaluated their own
competencies higher on the factor Teaching methods (p <
.001), while teachers with more years of teaching (>20y)
on the factor Pedagogical and motivational strategies (p <
.001). Female PETs with more years of teaching (>20y)
evaluated their General didactic knowledge higher than
their male counterparts (p = .019), while men evaluated
their competencies higher on the factor Social aspects of
sport (p = .006). Regardless of gender, however, on the
factor Social aspects of sport, PETs with more years of
teaching (>20y) evaluated their competencies higher than
their counterparts with less years of teaching (<10y) (p =
.013). The results of the survey confirm the need for the
reintroduction of internships, mentoring by more
experienced teachers to colleagues with less seniority, and
a systematic process of continuous professional
development, especially for teacher trainers
Gender Issues and Blockchain Technology
No full textThis chapter examines the dynamics between gender issues and blockchain technology (BT) in decarbonization efforts aimed at zero-carbon emissions. It explores how gender equality is shaped by technological innovations aimed at reducing carbon footprints, with a focus on BT’s role in fostering transparent, sustainable practices across industries. BT’s secure, immutable, and transparent features are crucial for tracking emissions and promoting accountability in the pursuit of zero-carbon goals. However, gender disparities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) may limit the development and adoption of BT for decarbonization, presenting opportunities for women to engage in sectors like shipping, where decarbonization efforts are progressing. Linking gender equality with BT can lead to more inclusive and sustainable practices, supporting sustainable development goal (SDG) 5, which aims to empower women and girls defined by United Nations 2030 Agenda. However, the rapid spread of BT may exacerbate gender inequalities, sidelining women in leadership and workforce roles. Firms must integrate gender equality into sustainability strategies to ensure BT promotes women’s rights and opportunities, contributing to a more inclusive approach to achieving SDGs. This chapter also explores how BT could widen the gender gap and discusses tools like targeted training to foster inclusivity in the tech sector. It addresses challenges in reporting BT adoption for decarbonization and reviews international regulations, i.e., the Global Reporting Initiative and Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, guiding firms in incorporating gender-related issues into sustainability disclosures. Supported by institutional, stakeholder, and legitimacy theories, this chapter offers theoretical framework for reshaping organizational culture and gender issues disclosure