Parthenope University of Naples
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Mathematical and numerical investigation of experimental dam breaks in wet-bed channels due to partial sluice gate lifting
No full textDam failures may result in sudden and catastrophic floods, making the accurate prediction of dam-break wave
dynamics crucial for effective flood risk management and disaster mitigation. Dam-breaks are complete if the
dam is totally and suddenly removed, or partial if the breach is smaller than the dam. While the behaviour of
dam-break waves following the complete structural failure has been extensively studied, research on partial dam
break scenarios remains limited. A special partial dam break scenario, consisting of a breach opening at the dam
bottom, can be modelled in laboratory experiments with the sudden partial lifting of a sluice gate. Until now, the
mathematical and numerical modelling of this partial dam break has received only partial scrutiny, and it is still
unclear if the solutions predicted by existing models are those effectively observed in real-world scenarios or
laboratory experiments. This study addresses these gaps by confronting the results of the analytical and numerical
models proposed by Cozzolino et al. (2023) with recent laboratory experimental data from the literature.
The comparison reveals that the inviscid exact solution to the partial dam break problem can reliably predict the
type, number, and height of the moving waves developed under both free and submerged flow conditions. The
agreement with experimental data is enhanced when applying the numerical model by Cozzolino et al. (2023),
owing to the inclusion of dissipative effects through the frictional term. These results advocate extending the
existing flow gate equations, usually found in steady flow conditions, to the case of strong transients. The
findings further corroborate the application of the Shallow water Equations to the simulation of strong transients
in open channels, even in the presence of flow-structure interactions such as those involving sluice gates, bridges,
and flood control barrages
Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data collected along the Southern Ocean chokepoint between Aotearoa / New Zealand and Antarctica, 1994–2024
No full textThis study presents the water column temperature data collected during several cruises on board the Italica, Araon, and Laura Bassi research vessels in the framework of the Climatic Long-term Interaction for the Mass balance in Antarctica (CLIMA), Southern Ocean Chokepoints Italian Contribution (SOChIC), and Marine Observatory of the Ross Sea (MORSea) projects funded by the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA). Data were collected between Aotearoa / New Zealand and the Ross Sea during the austral summers from 1994/1995 to 2023/2024. Across this chokepoint of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, expendable bathythermograph (XBT) Sippican T7 probes were launched with a regular 20 km sampling, providing temperature profiles with a vertical resolution of 65 cm and a maximum nominal depth of 760 m. All temperature profiles underwent rigorous quality control, including a general malfunctioning verification, the removal of spikes, the consistency check of adjacent profiles, the comparison to regional oceanographic features and satellite altimetry observations, and a final visual check by the operator. Data quality checks led us to discard about 12 % of acquired XBT measurements. The full XBT dataset can be accessed as text format files via the following link: 10.5281/zenodo.14848849 (Aulicino et al., 2025). This dataset contributes to the improvement of our understanding of Southern Ocean features, being highly valuable for studies focusing on climate variability, especially across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its fronts. Furthermore, we expect that the collected XBT data will serve as a useful tool for the calibration and validation of recent satellite observations and for the improvement of Southern Ocean oceanographic simulations
Development and Characterization of Electrospun PBI Membranes for Enhanced Acid Uptake in HTPEMFC Applications
No full textFrom Fast to Smart: A Framework for Building Prioritization in Decarbonization Strategies
No full textThe urgent need for decarbonization has accelerated sustainability initiatives across university campuses worldwide. However, the reliance on building energy performance certificates as the primary indicator for energy efficiency measures often overlooks crucial factors such as real energy consumption and renewable energy integration. This limited approach can hinder progress toward net-zero targets. This study proposes a comprehensive framework for effectively assessing and prioritizing decarbonization actions on university campuses. The framework integrates data from energy performance certificates, real-time energy consumption from smart meters, and advanced simulations of renewable energy generation. By categorizing buildings based on their energy efficiency ratings, usage factors, and Net Energy Balance Factor, the framework offers actionable insights to identify buildings with the greatest decarbonization potential. The methodology was applied to the Vera campus of the Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain, identifying and ranking priority buildings to start implementing decarbonisation strategies. These findings suggest that buildings with low ratings, moderate-intensive usage factor, and capacity to generate renewable energy should be prioritized. Implementing these strategies could optimize resource allocation and elevate the campus’s energy efficiency. This framework provides a practical, scalable approach for university campuses to prioritize buildings for decarbonisation, advancing sustainability goals and offering a replicable model for other institutions aiming to improve their energy performance
Techno-Economic Analysis of Italy’s Energy Transition: Exploring Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Pathways
No full textIn recent years, energy systems worldwide have undergone
significant transformations as Countries strive to reduce dependence on
fossil fuels and transition to cleaner energy sources. Italy has embraced this
global shift, setting ambitious goals for energy efficiency and emissions
reduction. The updated Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan
(PNIEC) outlines strategies to promote sustainability while addressing
energy security challenges. The Plan considers two scenarios: the “No
Nuclear” scenario, which relies on renewables and gas/bioenergy with
carbon capture and storage (CCS), and the “With Nuclear” scenario, which
incorporates nuclear energy, capped at 8 GW by 2050, alongside other
technologies. Both scenarios foresee a future characterized by extensive
electrification. This study aims to evaluate the techno-economic
implications of Italy's updated Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan
by comparing two proposed scenarios to determine their effectiveness in
achieving energy balance, cost-efficiency, and environmental sustainability
in a highly electrified future condition. The study analyzes these scenarios
using EnergyPLAN software, applying an hour-by-hour approach for
detailed modeling. Results demonstrate that integrating non-programmable
renewables with programmable low-carbon sources, such as nuclear energy,
can significantly improve energy balance, reduce costs, and minimize
environmental impacts. The use of nuclear energy can decrease CO2
emissions by nearly 7 Mtons annually
Intelligenza artificiale e piattaforme digitali: opportunità e rischi alla luce del recente quadro regolatorio
No full text
Il rischio climatico e l'offerta di coperture da parte delle imprese di assicurazione
No full textIl cambiamento climatico sta producendo effetti indesiderati sulla salute e sull’economia del mondo. A prescindere dalle posizioni estreme (negazionisti o attivisti del cambiamento climatico) è innegabile che gli eventi naturali estremi sono aumentati per numero e per intensità. Il rischio climatico fa riferimento ai possibili effetti del cambiamento climatico. Esistono coperture assicurative per il rischio climatico? Se sì, in che modo le imprese di assicurazione sono in grado di stimare gli effetti del cambiamento climatico? Scopo del lavoro è analizzare il rischio climatico e come le compagnie di assicurazione si stanno attrezzando per offrire coperture assicurative contro i danni prodotti dal cambiamento climatico. Pertanto, dapprima si fornirà una definizione di rischio climatico ripresa dalla letteratura esistente e dalle indicazioni delle autorità di vigilanza. Successivamente, si evidenzieranno tutte le modalità di gestione del rischio climatico, a cominciare dalle mappe di materialità, cercando di individuare tutte le possibili aree di impatto in una logica di Solvency II. Infine, si forniranno alcuni esempi di scenari per misurare l’esposizione al rischio climatico
Scalable Coordinated Control of UAV Swarms: A Priority-Driven Behavioural Approach
No full textThis paper presents a scalable solution for the coordinated control of swarms of UAVs operating in complex three-dimensional environments with no-fly zones and obstacles. The proposed approach is based on a priority-driven behaviour structure implemented using the null-space behavioural (NSB) technique. Each UAV dynamically adapts its behaviour according to a predefined task hierarchy including collision avoidance, obstacle-avoidance, formation maintenance and target achievement. By projecting lower priority control actions into the null space of higher priority tasks, the method ensures conflict-free execution of tasks with respect to the fulfilment of the overall mission. The control architecture has a fully decentralised structure and is designed to maintain performance and scalability as the number of UAVs increases. The results of several experimental tests have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in maintaining formation and achieving mission objectives in constrained environments