Archive Electronique - Institut Jean Nicod
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1997 research outputs found
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Drawing Problems: Thought in Action
No full textInternational audienceI investigate some aspects of the structure of the production of drawings, by developing a practice-based phenomenology articulated around some "drawing problems". The examples I chose cluster around decision making in drawing from life. I make a case for a propositional, explicit judgment-based action structure, that makes it possible to accommodate some typical practices used in addressing drawing problems. I further hint to by-products (e.g., attention modulation) and "surrounding practices" (e.g. communication during the observation of a drawing activity) that find a plausible explanation in the propositional account of drawing
Reinforcement Learning with Rare Significant Events: Direct Policy Search vs. Gradient Policy Search
No full textInternational audienc
Information delivered by a chatbot has a positive impact on COVID-19 vaccines attitudes and intentions.
No full textInternational audienceThe COVID-19 vaccines will not end the pandemic if they stay in freezers. In many countries, such as France, COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy is high. It is crucial that governments make it as easy as possible for people who want to be vaccinated to do so, but also that they devise communication strategies to address the concerns of vaccine hesitant individuals. We introduce and test on 701 French participants a novel messaging strategy: a chatbot that answers people's questions about COVID-19 vaccines. We find that interacting with this chatbot for a few minutes significantly increases people's intentions to get vaccinated (ß = 0.12) and has a positive impact on their attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination (ß = 0.23). Our results suggest that a properly scripted and regularly updated chatbot could offer a powerful resource to help fight hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines
An implicit representation of stimulus ambiguity in pupil size
No full textWe are grateful to the "Ambiguity - Production and Perception" group at the University of Tübingen for helpful feedback on this project. All behavioral and pupillometric data from both experiments in this article have been deposited in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/634ua/?view_only=25755ba7a1d14881b927bd6f792ec668). All of these data are analyzed and included in this article.International audienceTo guide behavior, perceptual systems must operate on intrinsically ambiguous sensory input. Observers are usually able to acknowledge the uncertainty of their perception, but in some cases, they critically fail to do so. Here, we show that a physiological correlate of ambiguity can be found in pupil dilation even when the observer is not aware of such ambiguity. We used a well-known auditory ambiguous stimulus, known as the tritone paradox, which can induce the perception of an upward or downward pitch shift within the same individual. In two experiments, behavioral responses showed that listeners could not explicitly access the ambiguity in this stimulus, even though their responses varied from trial to trial. However, pupil dilation was larger for the more ambiguous cases. The ambiguity of the stimulus for each listener was indexed by the entropy of behavioral responses, and this entropy was also a significant predictor of pupil size. In particular, entropy explained additional variation in pupil size independent of the explicit judgment of confidence in the specific situation that we investigated, in which the two measures were decoupled. Our data thus suggest that stimulus ambiguity is implicitly represented in the brain even without explicit awareness of this ambiguity
Ancient World Values Survey: Attitudes toward children
No full textOne of the reports of 'The Ancient World Values Survey', in which the author quantifies the evolution of several psychological traits or preferences
La liberté de penser
No full textInternational audience, pour une conférence-débat sur La liberté de penser. Trois cents lycéens, étudiants et leurs professeurs étaient réunis : de l'Académie de Créteil étaient venus des élèves du lycé
The Ancient Literary Fictions Values Survey
No full textOne of the reports of 'The Ancient World Values Survey', in which the author quantifies the evolution of several psychological traits or preferences