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Tratamiento de la ingestión de cuerpos extranos ˜ en una unidad de urgencias de otorrinolaringología: estudio prospectivo de 204 casos
Get PDFAIMS:
To determine how often ingested foreign bodies are found and what parameters may predict their retrieval.
METHODS:
During 1 year, we prospectively studied all patients referred to our Ear Nose and Throat Emergency Unit because of foreign body ingestion.
RESULTS:
During the study, 204 (median age-42 years [10 months-84 years]) patients were admitted because of ingested foreign body. The most common was fish bone (88%). Most patients were admitted <24-hour after ingestion (72%) and complained of symptoms above the cricoid cartilage (79%). A foreign body was removed by Ear Nose and Throat team in 108 (53%) patients. Twenty-three (11%) patients were referred to Gastroenterology. In 9 (39%) of these patients, a foreign body was identified by esophagogastroscopy, always from the esophagus. Predictive variables for retrieval of foreign body by Ear Nose and Throat team were ingested fish bone (P=.000; odds ratio [OR]=17.3), short duration (<6hours) of symptoms (P=.001; OR=2.3) and symptoms above or at the level of cricoid cartilage (P=.000; OR=8.9). In patients with symptoms below the cricoid cartilage the rate of retrieval of foreign body by Ear Nose and Throat team (11%) was significantly increased by Gastroenterology (41%; P=.03).
CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with ingestion of foreign body who ingest fish bone, present within the first 6hours or complain of symptoms at or above cricoid cartilage deserve greater investment in terms of time and resources for retrieval of ingested foreign body by Ear Nose and Throat team
Recalcitrant pemphigus vulgaris: aseptic meningitis associated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy and successful treatment with rituximab
Get PDFClinicopathological correlation and prognostic significance of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression in colorectal cancer.
Get PDFBACKGROUND:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the fourth most frequent cause of cancer death. Literature indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor is a predominant angiogenic factor and that angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression of CRC.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The present series consisted of tissue samples obtained from 672 patients who had undergone large bowel resection between 2005 and 2010 at the Braga Hospital, Portugal. Archival paraffin-embedded CRC tissue and normal adjacent samples were used to build up tissue microarray blocks and VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression was immunohistochemically assessed.
RESULTS:
We observed an overexpression of VEGF-C in CRC when tumour cells and normal-adjacent tissue were compared (p=0.004). In tumour samples, VEGF-C-positive cases were associated with VEGFR-3 expression (p=0.047). When assessing the correlation between VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expressions and the clinicopathological data, it was revealed that VEGF-A positive cases were associated with male gender (p=0.016) and well-differentiated tumours (p=0.001); VEGF-C with colon cancers (p=0.037), exophytic (p=0.048), moderately-differentiated (p=0.007) and T3/T4 (p=0.010) tumours; VEGFR-2 with invasive adenocarcinoma (p=0.007) and VEGFR-3 with the presence of hepatic metastasis (p=0.032). Overall survival curves for CRC were statistically significant for rectal cancer, VEGF-C expression and stage III (p=0.019) and VEGFR-3 expression and stage IV (p=0.047).
CONCLUSION:
Quantification of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression seems to provide valuable prognostic information in CRC and the correlation with clinicopathological data revealed an association with characteristics that contribute to progression, invasion and metastasis leading to poorer survival rates and prognosis
Giant pilomatricoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis, both diagnosed in the adult life.
Get PDFPilomatricoma is a relatively common benign skin neoplasm originating from the hair follicle matrix cells. β-Catenin is a subunit of the cadherin protein complex. It acts as an intracellular signal transducer that influences cell differentiation and proliferation. This protein was recently involved in the formation of hair follicle-related tumours, including pilomatricomas. Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is an inherited neurocutaneous disease, which is characterised by pleomorphic features involving many organs, hamartomas in multiple organ systems and by the fact that it is usually diagnosed early in life. We reported a case of a Caucasian patient with TS and a giant pilomatricoma, both diagnosed in the adult life
Oncological outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps
Get PDFObjective: malignant colorectal polyp, defined by submucosally invasive adenocarcinoma, is the earliest form of clinically relevant colorectal cancer (CRC). After endoscopic resection additional surgery may be necessary, although decision criteria remain debatable. The objective of this study was to assess oncologic outcomes in terms of locoregional disease and to identify areas of improvement that may facilitate patients´ management.Methods: retrospective study of 40 patients with T1 CRC endoscopically resected between 2007 and 2012. Clinicopathological features were assessed and correlated with residual disease (RD), defined as presence of adenocarcinoma in intestinal wall and/ or lymph nodes.Results: thirty-one patients underwent surgery while 9 were followed-up. After surgery, RD was confirmed in 15 (48.4 %) patients: 8 (53.3 %) wall disease, 5 (33 %) nodal metastasis, and 2 (13.3 %) with both. No recurrence was detected in the follow-up group. The characteristics of the lesions that were associated with DR were sessile configuration (p = 0.03), the degree of differentiation G3 (p = 0.01) and intercepted/indeterminate margins (p = 0.01). Twenty-two patients were operated because of inadequate evaluation, mainly due to piecemeal resection, and half of them were disease free. Postoperative complications were found in 9 (30 %) patients, mainly anastomotic leakage that was associated with rectum anterior resection (p = 0.03).Conclusions: surgery should be considered in the presence of any risk factor for residual disease, while follow-up can be offered in low risk settings. Was also demonstrated a clear need for technical improvement in endoscopic resection and pathology evaluation in order to prevent unnecessary surgeries
