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False Cascades and the Cost of Truth
No full textWe study sequential social learning when agents can sometimes pay to verify a claim and obtain hard, publicly checkable evidence. Each agent observes the public history, receives a private signal, may investigate at a cost (succeeding only when the claim is true), and can disclose or conceal any proof. Actions are binary or continuous, with a conformity pull toward the prevailing consensus. We characterize when false cascades persist and when societies self-correct. In the binary benchmark, we derive an investigation cutoff and show how its location relative to classic cascade bands governs breakability; a simple knife-edge condition guarantees that any wrong cascade at the boundary is overturned with positive probability. With continuous actions, coarse observation and conformity can recreate cascades, yet occasional disclosures collapse them. These forces yield a tractable “resilience frontier” with transparent comparative statics and policy levers
Decoding Migration Capability: (Im)Mobility Decision-Making in the Ukrainian Population
No full textThis study investigates the spatial and temporal dimensions of im/mobility within the population of western Ukraine. It challenges the typical focus on receiving countries by examining both the capabilities and motivations for staying in Ukraine or considering emigration. Based on data from 1242 individual questionnaires collected in a pre-invasion survey in western Ukraine, this study provides a comparative analysis of return migrants and non-migrants, examining the relationship between past migration experience and the likelihood of future (im)mobility. We construct a novel migration capability scale that situates migration capability along a continuum and offers a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics of place-based decision-making (grounded in the fulfilment of basic economic needs, transnational social ties, risk attitude, and foreign language proficiency). Only 11% of respondents reported having no migration potential, while those with the highest migration capabilities - including both returnees and non-migrants - were often undecided about their future mobility. Regression analyses show that past migration experience enhances migration capability, yet decision-making is ultimately influenced by personal motivations, socio-demographic factors, and the evolving relationship between population and place. These findings have important implications for migration policy and spatial planning
Poursuites après la clôture de la liquidation judiciaire pour insuffisance d'actif de la caution qui a payé (note sous CA Metz, 6e ch, 10 oct. 2024)
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Quelle gouvernance mondiale et quelles mesures essentielles pour améliorer la mise en oeuvre du droit à l'eau ?
No full textDans le cadre du colloque "Mise en oeuvre du droit humain à l'eau potable : quels enjeux en France et dans le monde ?" du 8 et 9 juillet 2025 (au siège de l'agence de l'eau Adour-Garonne), cet article fait un focus sur les conditions qui permettraient d'améliorer la mise en oeuvre du droit à l'eau au plan international, notamment au regard de la mise en place d'une gouvernance mondiale efficace et de la nécessaire mobilisation de moyens de financement à la hauteur des besoins
Pesticide Externalities and Spatial Coordination Failure in Mixed Farming Landscapes
No full textThe coexistence of conventional and low-input farming methods transforms what appears to be an indi-vidual optimization problem into a collective action dilemma that subsidies and landscape features alone cannot resolve. This paper provides the first large-scale, field-level causal evidence of how exposure to pes-ticide externalities from conventional neighbors affects the diffusion of low-input systems through economic channels by creating spatial coordination failures. Using French administrative panel data on 9.5 million agricultural parcels and exploiting quasi-experimental variation in exposure induced by exogenous wind and topographic gradients, I investigate changes in local organic farming adoption and maintenance. Results reveal a modest, but persistent reduction in organic farming of approximately 2.8% relative to the mean, which is above most of exogenous and correlated peer effects. I show that these edge-effect externalities impose heterogeneous costs on organic producers due to certification-threatening risks from involuntary nonpoint source pollution (via runoff and drift), and an incomplete insurance market that prevents hedging these shocks. These findings highlight the need for coordinated spatial policies and complementary risk management instruments to mitigate the risk of cross-parcel pesticide contamination
Oxytocin varies across the life course in a sex-specific way in a human subsistence population
No full textOxytocin, a hormone linked to reproduction and health, may mediate life-history trade-offs across the human life course. Yet, how oxytocin naturally varies with age remains poorly understood. Here, working with the Tsimane, forager-horticulturalists of lowland Bolivia, we collected the largest sample of oxytocin measurements to date (n = 1,242 samples, n = 405 individuals, age = 2 to 84 y, 51% female), and i) examined how oxytocin varies throughout the life course in females and males, and ii) investigated potential drivers of age- and sex-specific variation. Our sample provides rare insight into the relationship between oxytocin and age in a context where energy is limited and trade-offs between reproduction and somatic maintenance are more salient. We found that oxytocin follows a nonlinear sex-specific trajectory throughout the life course. In females, oxytocin levels were high during the reproductive years and declined in the early to midforties, a pattern largely explained by breastfeeding and, to a lesser extent, childcare and good self-rated health. In males, oxytocin was low in early adulthood but high in old age, and although higher oxytocin was linked to good self-rated health, this did not explain the rise in oxytocin in later life. These findings suggest that oxytocin is instrumental for reproduction and caregiving in females and may also be associated with health in both males and females. Together, our work highlights oxytocin’s broader biological significance across the human life course, suggesting that it may play a pivotal role in coordinating age- and sex-specific trade-offs involving reproduction and health
Employeurs, êtes-vous bien notés par vos salariés ?
No full textLa publication d’avis de salariés anonymes transforme l’attractivité employeur et porte des enjeux scientifiques et opérationnels. Cet article présente une étude des caractéristiques de la note employeur. En s’appuyant sur un corpus de 118 602 avis pour 429 entreprises françaises de plus de 500 salariés, les auteurs démontrent une modélisation de leur répartition. Ils proposent alors quelques repères de suivi de ce nouvel outil de gestion ce qui sera utile aux entreprises mais aussi aux candidats
A Hotelling spatial scan statistic for functional data: Application to economic and climate data
No full textA scan method for functional data indexed in space has been developed. The scan statistic is derived from the Hotelling test statistic for functional data, extending the univariate and multivariate Gaussian spatial scan statistics. This method consistently outperforms existing techniques in detecting and locating spatial clusters, as demonstrated through simulations. It has been applied to two types of real data: economic data in order to identify spatial clusters of abnormal unemployment rates in Spain and climatic data in order to detect unusual climate change patterns in Great Britain, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Venezuela