30394 research outputs found
Sort by
Firms' sustainable and responsible innovation in Nigeria : Does informality play a role ?
No full textAt the turn of the millennium, developing countries face a twofold challenge. First, for reasons related to both intra- and inter-generational justice, these countries need to follow sustainable development pathways. Second, they need to understand the deep principles underpinning informality, which is by now recognized as a structuring phenomenon of their economies. This paper sheds light on the relationship between these two goals by investigating how a Nigerian firm being formal versus informal affects its sustainable and responsible innovation (S&RI) activity. Using the entropy balancing methodology to analyze a novel database extracted from the Nigerian Business Innovation Surveys, we find that registered Nigerian firms engage in S&RI much more than those that are not. This suggests that, from the perspective of sustainable development, there should be no hiatus between recognizing the important role of the informal sector in the economy and promoting policies that give firms incentives to exit from it. By encouraging the registration of firms operating informally, these policies should help Nigeria in its transition to a sustainable market economy
Fairness judgments about animals
No full textIn this paper, we empirically investigate fairness judgments about animals. We design a survey that addresses major challenges associated with the inclusion of animal welfare in public decisions. Collecting data from a representative sample of the French population (N=1,526), we document the views of citizens on the issue. Key findings reveal strong support for directly valuing animal welfare in public decisions, with a significant support for an at least equal consideration relative to human welfare. Most people deem that policy making should take into account both animal welfare and humans’ altruistic concerns about it. The vast majority supports equal consideration across different animal species (cow vs. chicken) and contexts (captive vs. wild animals). Importantly, the observed associations of fairness judgments are not consistent with the repugnant conclusion or procreation asymmetry at the aggregate level, two important concepts in population ethics. The strong support for the direct valuation of animal welfare conflicts with the dominant anthropocentric frameworks used in policy evaluations. We investigate social heterogeneity in fairness judgments with multiverse analyses (> 97,000 specifications). Our results stress the importance of developing sentientist economic frameworks for more informed and ethical policymaking
Welfare implications of a carbon tax in a long-distance passenger market
No full textThis study estimates the impact of a carbon tax on welfare, considering modal shifts to less carbon-intensive transport, as well as its effects on environmental and fiscal externalities. We calibrate a modal competition model using logit demand functions for a specific long-distance connection in France and simulate the introduction of a Pigouvian tax. Our key findings are: First, a €190/tCO2 carbon tax is nearly welfare-neutral but significantly detrimental to consumer surplus; Second, rail price regulation has the side effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by subsidizing the cleanest transport mode; Third, the widespread adoption of electric vehicles enhances overall welfare without significantly harming consumer surplus
L’évaluation des situations potentielles d’irresponsabilité environnementale des organisations
No full textTraditionnellement, l'expertise d’une évaluation RSE est valorisée pour son objectivité, mais les réseaux sociaux voient l’émergence de jugements profanes sur les pratiques environnementales des entreprises. Pour étudier ces évaluations, une analyse lexicométrique a été menée sur 1289 commentaires concernant le projet EACOP de TotalEnergies. Les résultats révèlent une représentation commune de l’irresponsabilité environnementale, marquée par des préoccupations énergétiques, des paradoxes soulevés et des enjeux écologiques. Ces jugements sont fortement influencés par des émotions négatives, telles que la fatigue et la tristesse
Juges constitutionnels en Allemagne : un processus de nomination sous tension
No full texthttps://www.leclubdesjuristes.com/international/juges-constitutionnels-en-allemagne-un-processus-de-nomination-sous-tension-12256
La faculté conditionnelle pour un époux commun en biens de renoncer tacitement à revendiquer la qualité d’associé (note s/s Cass. com., 12 mars 2025, n° 23-22.372)
No full textLe conjoint de l'époux commun en biens qui a employé des biens communs pour faire un apport à une société ou acquérir des parts sociables non négociables, dispose du droit de se voir reconnaître la qualité d'associé pour la moitié des parts souscrites ou acquises, il peut renoncer à ce droit. Cette renonciation peut être tacite et résulter d'un comportement qui est, sans équivoque, incompatible avec le maintien du droit du conjoint de se voir reconnaître la qualité d'associé
Les statuts priment encore plus, et alors ? (note ss. Cass. com., 9 juill. 2025, n° 23-21.160 et 24-10.428)
No full textHerding Prices: Social Learning and Dynamic Competition in Duopoly
No full textWe embed observational learning (BHW) in a symmetric duopoly with random arrivals and search frictions. With fixed posted prices, a mixed-strategy pricing equilibrium exists and yields price dispersion even with ex-ante identical firms. We provide closed-form cascade bands and show wrong cascades occur with positive probability for interior parameters, vanishing as signals become precise or search costs fall; absorption probabilities are invariant to the arrival rate. In equilibrium, the support of mixed prices is connected and overlapping; its width shrinks with signal precision and expands with search costs, and mean prices comove accordingly. Under Calvo price resets (Poisson opportunities), stationary dispersion and mean prices fall; when signals are sufficiently informative, wrong-cascade risk also declines. On welfare, a state-contingent Pigouvian search subsidy implements the planner’s cutoff. Prominence (biased first visits) softens competition and depresses welfare; neutral prominence is ex-ante optimal