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    30394 research outputs found

    Les immunités des États étrangers : à la recherche d’un juste équilibre (perspective française)

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    Bien que le droit français des immunités juridictionnelles et d'exécution semble bien assis, l'évolution de la situation des Etats a conduit à renforcer la protection des Etats en difficulté financière face aux fonds vautour et pose la question de la protection trop solide dont bénéficient ceux qui pourraient prêter la main à des actes terroriste

    L’appropriation privative d’un chemin n’exclut pas sa nature de chemin d’exploitation (Civ. 3ème, 9 janv. 2025, n° 23-20.665)

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    Le droit de propriété d’un riverain sur le sol d’un chemin n’exclut ni la qualification de chemin d’exploitation ni le droit d’usage de celui-ci par les autres propriétaires riverains du chemin

    Efficiency vs. distributional concerns in regulatory sandboxes

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    The paper makes the case for a systematic ex-ante assessment of the distributional impact of efficiency enhancing innovations regulatory sandboxes are expected to test. It shows how their prior formal modeling can inform on the possible need to control in the sandbox design for otherwise underestimated but predictable distributional effects. Failing to do so is likely to lead to underestimate efficiency-equity trade-offs and other distributional issues. This may influence the political sustainability of otherwise potentially welfare enhancing innovations. Simple industrial organization models will often suffice to identify the potential issues at the design stag

    Méthode de comparaison des signes

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    Affaire France Telecom : les dirigeants responsables de la santé des salariés

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    La décision rendue par la Cour de cassation dans le cadre de l’affaire France Telecom éclaire la notion de « harcèlement moral institutionnel ». Elle offre un nouveau regard sur les politiques d’entreprise et la responsabilité des dirigeants

    Optimistic Gradient Descent Ascent in General-Sum Bilinear Games

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    We study the convergence of optimistic gradient descent ascent in unconstrained bilinear games. For zero-sum games, we prove exponential convergence to a saddle-point for any payoff matrix, and provide the exact ratio of convergence as a function of the step size. Then, we introduce OGDA for general-sum games and show that, in many cases, either OGDA converges exponentially fast to a Nash equilibrium, or the payoffs for both players converge to . We also show how to increase drastically the speed of convergence of a zero-sum problem by introducing a general-sum game using the Moore-Penrose inverse of the original payoff matrix. To our knowledge, this shows for the first time that general-sum games can be used to optimally improve algorithms designed for min-max problems. We illustrate our results on a toy example of a Wasserstein GAN. Finally, we show how the approach could be extended to the more general class of "hidden bilinear games"

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