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PANORAMA DA SUSTENTABILIDADE AMBIENTAL NAS ESTATAIS BRASILEIRAS DEPENDENTES: Um olhar sobre o Plano de Gestão de Logística Sustentável
No full textBrazilian environmental politics have gradually advanced with the inclusion of sustainable development as a constitutional principle. In this context of public politics and environmental responsibility, federal public institutions need to adjust their management flow to promote sustainable national development. This process of flow coordination, considering environmental protection, social justice and balanced economic development, signals for a more efficient future public management, as sustainable logistics is gaining strength. This quantitative, descriptive, exploratory study aims to identify the accession of the tool "Sustainable Logistics Management Plan", as well as the sustainability and rationalization practices currently employed by the Brazilian federal dependent state-owned. The methodology consisted of documentary research and bibliographical research as sources for the collection of information and composition of the theoretical reference, besides the application of a research questionnaire. The results demonstrate that despite the PLS tool is not yet a reality for all public companies evaluated, sustainable practices and strategies to reduce the consumption of natural resources are already implemented for the most part. Considering the importance of public administration as an influence tool for other markets, it is recommended to include the sustainable logistics planning tool or another similar methodology in thestrategic planning of public institutions to getting results at reduced deadlines. New works can investigate the effectiveness of the PLS tool adoption in other related public agencies.As políticas ambientais brasileiras avançaram gradualmente com a inclusão do desenvolvimento sustentável como princípio constitucional. Nesse contexto de políticas públicas e responsabilidade ambiental, instituições públicas federais necessitam adequar seu fluxo de gestão para promoção do desenvolvimento nacional sustentável. Esse processo de coordenação de fluxos, considerando a proteção ambiental, a justiça social e o desenvolvimento econômico equilibrado, sinaliza para uma gestão pública futura mais eficiente, conforme a logística sustentável vai ganhando força. O presente estudo, quantitativo, de natureza descritiva, exploratória, tem como objetivo identificar a adesão da ferramenta “Plano de Gestão de Logística Sustentável” (PLS), bem como as práticas de sustentabilidade e racionalização atualmente empregadas pelas estatais brasileiras federais dependentes. A metodologia consistiu em pesquisa documental e pesquisa bibliográfica como fontes para a coleta de informações e composição do referencial teórico, além da veiculação de questionário de pesquisa. Os resultados demonstram que a despeito da ferramenta PLS ainda não ser uma realidade para todas as empresas públicas avaliadas, as práticas sustentáveis e estratégias de redução de consumo de recursos naturais já se encontram implementadas em sua grande maioria. Considerando a importância da administração pública como instrumento de influência para os demais mercados, recomenda-se a inclusão da ferramenta de planejamento de logística sustentável ou outra metodologia similar, no planejamento estratégico das instituições públicas para obtenção de resultados a prazos reduzidos. Novos trabalhos podem pesquisar a efetividade da adoção da ferramenta PLS nos demais órgãos públicos relacionados
APLICAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS PARA OBTENÇÃO DE EXTRATOS ANTIOXIDANTES E CONCENTRADOS DE FIBRAS ALIMENTARES A PARTIR DE SUBPRODUTO DE GOIABA
No full textThe aim of this work was to produce and characterize aqueous extracts and dietary fiber concentrates obtained from guava by-product, using different processing conditions. After removing the pulp, the peels were subjected to drying and grinding. Aqueous extractions were performed in shaker (SH), ultrasound (US), microwave (MW), water-bath (WB) and homogenizer (HO). After centrifugation, the aqueous extracts were evaluated as total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA). The precipitates were dried, ground, sieved and named dietary fiber concentrates (DFCs), being analyzed for composition and functional properties. The extracts obtained by MO and US showed the highest values of TPC and AA, respectively, and after these extractions, the DFCs produced had the highest contents of protein (9.71 g.100 g-1; 10.78 g.100 g-1) and dietary fiber (60.44 g.100 g-1; 65.63 g.100 g-1). The treatments applied to guava by-product reduced the content of total reducing sugars and increased the water absorption index of DFCs when compared to the control (without aqueous extraction). Thus, antioxidant extracts and DFCs can be obtained from guava waste, helping to enhance the productive chain, providing more sustainable destinations for the by-product generated in the industrial fruit processing, as a source of nutrients to enrich food products or to be used as supplements.O objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir e caracterizar extratos aquosos e concentrados de fibras alimentares obtidos a partir do subproduto da goiaba, utilizando diferentes condições de processo. Após a remoção da polpa, as cascas foram submetidas a secagem e moagem. Este material passou por diferentes tipos de tratamentos em shaker (SH), ultrassom (US), micro-ondas (MO), banho-Maria (BM) e homogeneizador (HO). Após centrifugação, os extratos foram avaliados quanto ao teor de compostos fenólicos totais (CFT) e atividade antioxidante (AA). Os precipitados foram secos, triturados, peneirados, sendo denominados concentrados fibrosos (CFs), os quais foram analisados quanto à composição e propriedades funcionais. Os resultados mostraram que os extratos obtidos em MO e US apresentaram o maior teor de CFT e AA, respectivamente, e que após estes tratamentos, os CFs produzidos continham os maiores teores de proteínas (9.71 g.100 g-1; 10.78 g.100 g-1) e de fibras alimentares (60.44 g.100 g-1; 65.63 g.100 g-1). Os tratamentos realizados permitiram reduzir o teor de açúcares redutores totais e aumentar o índice de absorção de água dos CFs quando comparado ao controle (sem extração aquosa). Assim, a obtenção de compostos antioxidantes e concentrados fibrosos são consideradas alternativas interessantes para valorizar a cadeia produtiva da goiaba, fornecendo destinos mais sustentáveis ao subproduto gerado no processamento industrial desta fruta, como uma fonte de nutrientes para enriquecimento de produtos alimentícios ou para ser utilizado como suplementos
REABILITAÇÃO DE CENTROS ESPORTIVOS: O CASO DO FARREZÃO DE SANTA MARIA
No full textThe present article concerns a rehabilitation project of the main Sports Centre of the city of Santa Maria/RS and its surroundings. The methodology was divided in three stages: theoretical review, data gathering and propositional synthesis. The research contemplates the literature review of case and reference studies of Sports Centers. The data survey of the Municipal Sports Center of Santa Maria (Farrezão) had an exploratory character. From that point, a strategic diagnosis was developed resulting on the creation of the project concept based on the Huizinga’s (2000) Homo Ludens theory of the game as a recreational form, and encourager of socialization and cultural promotion. In this manner, an architectural proposal is presented, with premises of connectivity, social inclusion and utilization of the existent space. This article demonstrates a proposal, with premises of connectivity, social inclusion, and use of the existing, with multi-sport and recreational spaces. This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of rehabilitation and innovation of existing sports spaces in Brazilian cities, according to the new needs of its inhabitants. And that the adequacy and reintegration of these places can provide a significant improvement in the development and life of the population.El presente artículo trata de un proyecto de rehabilitación del principal Centro Deportivo de la ciudad de Santa Maria/RS, y su entorno. La metodología fue dividida en: revisión teórica, levantamiento de datos y síntesis propositiva. La investigación contempla la revisión de estudios de caso y de referencia de Centros Deportivos. El levantamiento de datos del Centro Deportivo Municipal de Santa Maria (Farrezão), fue de carácter exploratorio. Luego fue desarrollado un diagnóstico estratégico que resultó en la creación del concepto proyectual, basado en la teoría de Homo Ludens de Huizinga (2000), del juego como manera recreativa y de incentivo a la sociabilización y fomento cultural. De esta manera es presentada una propuesta arquitectónica, con premisas de conectividad, inclusión social, aprovechando lo existente, con espacios polideportivos y recreativos. Y que la adecuación y reinserción de estos lugares, coincidiendo con la teoría de Huizinga, puede aportar una mejora significativa en el desarrollo y vida de la población.O presente artigo trata de uma proposta de projeto arquitetônico de reabilitação do principal Centro Esportivo da cidade de Santa Maria, RS, e seu entorno. A metodologia foi dividida em: revisão teórica, levantamento de dados e síntese propositiva. A pesquisa contempla a revisão de estudos de caso e de referências de Centros Esportivos. O levantamento de dados do Centro Desportivo Municipal de Santa Maria (Farrezão), foi de caráter exploratório englobando aspectos físicos e sociais. A partir de então, desenvolveu-se um diagnóstico estratégico que resultou na criação do conceito projetual, baseado na teoria de Homo Ludens de Huizinga (2000), do jogo como forma recreativa e de incentivo à sociabilização e fomentação cultural que culminou com a proposta arquitetônica. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta, com premissas de conectividade, inclusão social, e aproveitamento do existente, com espaços poliesportivos e recreativos. Este artigo tem o intuito de demonstrar a importância da reabilitação e a inovação de espaços esportivos existentes nas cidades brasileiras, conforme às novas necessidades de seus habitantes. E que a adequação e reinserção destes locais, coincidindo com a teoria de Huizinga, podem proporcionar uma melhora significativa no desenvolvimento e na vida da população. 
Espiritualidade, coletividade e saúde: diálogos entre o sistema médico Guarani e a naturologia
No full textCulture influences directly in the process health-disease. Objective: Based on medical anthropology, this articleintends to describe the knowledge and health practices of the Guarani indigenous village Brilho do Sol, locatedin São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo; and problematize how the indigenous knowledge can be relevant to naturology.Methods: the research was developed through bibliographic survey and ethnographic inspired fieldwork.The healing practices of the Guarani tradition were experienced in field through participant observationand through interviews with traditional knowledge keepers. The field description followed ethnographic principles.Afterwards, the data was correlated to naturologic knowledge, allowing the dialogue between thisknowledge and the most relevant aspects of the Guarani cultural health system. Results: We observed that theGuarani culture prevails a spiritual ethos as a health condition, underscoring the spiritual sphere. Furthermore,we observed a strong influence of the collective dimension, which shows itself an essential aspect in the healingprocess. Final considerations: There is little approach of spirituality in naturology, although it exists at thebase of the main vitals traditional medicines. The Guarani cultural health system contributes with the spiritualproblematic and the implication of collectivity in the healing process in naturology, contributing to its theoreticalframework and therapeutic model.A cultura influencia diretamente nos processos de saúde-doença. Objetivo: Com base na antropologia da saúde, este artigo objetiva descrever os conhecimentos e práticas de cura da aldeia indígena Guarani Brilho do Sol, localizada em São Bernardo, na grande São Paulo; e problematizar como os conhecimentos indígenas podem ser relevantes para a naturologia. Método: a pesquisa foi desenvolvida através de levantamento bibliográfico e trabalho de campo de inspiração etnográfica. Nas visitas ao campo foram vivenciadas as práticas de cura da tradição Guarani através de observação participante e entrevistas com detentores dos conhecimentos tradicionais. A descrição do campo seguiu princípios etnográficos. Posteriormente os dados foram correlacionados aos saberes naturológicos possibilitando um diálogo com os aspectos relevantes do sistema cultural de saúde Guarani. Resultados: Foi observado que na cultura Guarani prevalece um ethos espiritual como condição para a saúde, destacando a esfera da espiritualidade. Além disso, foi observado uma forte influencia da dimensão de coletividade que se mostra essencial aos processos de cura. Considerações Finais: A espiritualidade é pouco abordada na naturologia, porém existe na base das principais medicinas tradicionais vitalistas. O sistema cultural de saúde Guarani contribui na problematização da espiritualidade e da implicação da coletividade nos processos de cura na naturologia, contribuindo com o aprimoramento do seu arcabouço teórico e do seu modelo terapêutico
Disponibilidade de elementos traço para absorção cutânea em tratamentos com a lama negra de Peruíbe
No full textIntroduction: In Brazil, the use of natural resources became part of the Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese) with the implementation of the “National Policy for Integrative and Complementary Practices” and the Black Mud, found in Peruíbe city, São Paulo State, has been extensively used for therapeutic treatments e.g. psoriasis, peripheral dermatitis neuropathy, acne and seborrhea, myalgia, arthritis, and non-articular rheumatic processes. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the PBM’s chemical elements mobility, and evaluate which ones (beneficial or toxic) are available for transfer to the patient during topical therapeutic treatment. To get this goal, two extraction methods were employed: sequential extraction procedure and a single extraction by employing artificial sweat. Methods: Two extraction methods were employed to measure the extracted elements: Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results and discussion: The results showed that the elements Ca, Cd, Mg, Mn and Na are highly extracted in the exchangeable fraction and similar results were noted in extraction with artificial sweat, however, it may not cause adverse problems during the therapeutic treatment. Conclusion: All the other elements investigated were extracted in low concentrations indicating that adverse health effects should be negligible even though until this moment there is little or no evidence for skin absorption.Introdução: No Brasil, o uso de recursos naturais passou a fazer parte do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) com a implantação da “Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares” e a Lama Negra, localizada na cidade de Peruíbe, Estado de São Paulo, tem sido amplamente utilizado para tratamentos terapêuticos, por exemplo psoríase, dermatite periférica, neuropatia, acne e seborreia, mialgia, artrite e processos reumáticos não articulares. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a mobilidade dos elementos da Lama Negra de Peruíbe, e avaliar quais (benéficos ou tóxicos) estão disponíveis para transferência ao paciente durante o tratamento terapêutico tópico. Para tanto, foram empregados dois métodos de extração: procedimento de extração sequencial e extração única com emprego de suor artificial. Métodos: Dois métodos de extração foram empregados para medir os elementos extraídos: espectroscopia de emissão atômica com plasma indutivamente acoplado e espectrometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados mostraram que os elementos Ca, Cd, Mg, Mn e Na são altamente extraídos na fração trocável e resultados semelhantes foram observados na extração com suor artificial, entretanto, isso pode não ser um problema durante o tratamento terapêutico. Conclusão: Todos os outros elementos investigados foram extraídos em baixas concentrações, indicando que os efeitos adversos à saúde devem ser desprezíveis, embora até o momento haja pouca ou nenhuma evidência de absorção pela pele
GENERAL PRACTICIONERS PERFORMANCE FACING COMPLEX AND CHALLENGING CASES IN ENDODONTICS.
No full textEndodontic treatments performed by general practitioners is very common in large clinics and dental offices routine. Often, due to limitations (scientific and technological) and to complex cases, there is the need for an expert opinion. On contrary, theoretical knowledge combined with technology allows the clinicians to solve complex cases without needing for patient’s referral. This successful case report aims to show a challenging case performed by a general practitioner with 2 years and 5 months training, presenting major complexities such as perforations, deviations, fractured instrument, pulp necrosis, and periapical lesion. Endodontic treatment was performed in 3 sessions, with the aid of operating microscope, ultrasound, digital radiographic sensor, and other technological devices that contributed to the case resolution. After completion, two follow-ups were performed (radiographic - 05/2021 - and tomographic - 07/2021), showing a significant lesion regression and repair.Endodontic treatments performed by general practitioners is very common in large clinics and dental offices routine. Often, due to limitations (scientific and technological) and to complex cases, there is the need for an expert opinion. On contrary, theoretical knowledge combined with technology allows the clinicians to solve complex cases without needing for patient’s referral. This successful case report aims to show a challenging case performed by a general practitioner with 2 years and 5 months training, presenting major complexities such as perforations, deviations, fractured instrument, pulp necrosis, and periapical lesion. Endodontic treatment was performed in 3 sessions, with the aid of operating microscope, ultrasound, digital radiographic sensor, and other technological devices that contributed to the case resolution. After completion, two follow-ups were performed (radiographic - 05/2021 - and tomographic - 07/2021), showing a significant lesion regression and repair
EVALUATION OF CYCLIC FATIGUE, TORSIONAL RESISTANCE AND ANGLE DEFLECTION OF A NEW ENDODONTIC INSTRUMENT
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance, and angular deflection of a new nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrument. Sixty instruments were selected: ProDesign Logic2 25.03 (n=20) and 25.05 (n=20) (Easy Equipamentos Odontolo?gico, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) and Flat File 25.04 (n=20) (MK Life, Porto Alegre, Brazil). For the cyclic fatigue test, instruments were introduced into an artificial stainless-steel canal with a 60° angle and 5mm curvature radius located 5mm from the instruments tip. Cyclic fatigue test was performed at controlled room temperature (37o ± 1oC). Time to fracture was recorded and calculated. Torque and angle of rotation at failure were measured according to ISO 3630-1, in which the 3mm tip of each instrument was fixed and connected to a motor, a processor and a load cell. Torque (N/cm) to instrument fracture was measured and angular deflection at failure was recorded (in degrees). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Flat File 25.04 instruments had a lower cyclic fatigue resistance than Logic 25.03 and 25.05 instruments (P < 0.05). Flat File 25.04 and Logic2 25.05 presented similar torque to fracture (P < 0.05) and both were more torque resistant than Logic2 25.03 (P < 0.05). Angular deflection was different for all tested instruments (P < 0.05), as follows: Logic2 25.03, Logic2 25.05 and Flat File 25.04. Mechanical properties of the evaluated instruments depended on their geometric features and thermal treatment of the NiTi alloy
CLINICAL VISUALIZATION OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS ENDOODONTIC BIOFILM THROUGH FLUORESCENCE USING TWO FLUOROPHORS
No full textSome bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecalis, are more resistant to endodontic procedures, being able to survive in the root canal system. Bacteria remaining inside the root canals, can lead to persistent infections, unsuccessful treatments or even tooth extraction. There is a great difficulty in clinically identifying the biofilm and bacteria within the root canal system. Thus, fluorescence rises as a new method to reduce the problem of clinical visualization of the endodontic infection. This study evaluated, by means of fluorescence and the use of fluorophores, the presence of Enterococcus faecalis inside the root canals. Eighteen bovine teeth, with a single canal, were selected. Teeth were decoronate, close to the cementoenamel junction, with a length equal to 16mm. Longitudinal grooves were made on the buccal and palatal surfaces of the samples and cleaning and preparation was performed with ultrasound. Root canals were infected with Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 29 days for biofilm development, with renewal of the culture medium every 48 hours. After this period, teeth were divided into 3 groups: negative control, calcein group and qubit protein group. Teeth were clinically visualized using the ReVeal system, consisting in a 2.5x magnifying glass with an Ultraviolet photophore, allowing the observation of the fluorophores effectiveness in canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis. It was observed that both fluorophores were effective in the presence of bacteria. Negative control group did not fluoresce. Calcein had greater luminosity but showed light scattering. Qubit protein had an uniform luminescence, without image scattering
RADIOTHERAPY FOR HEAD AND NECK CANCER INDUCES PULP NECROSIS? SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS
No full textThe aim of this review was to answer the question whether radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer can induce pulp necrosis. Searches were performed based on the PICOS strategy in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Open Grey. Only clinical studies that assessed the pulp status of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy were selected. Risk of bias was accessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analyses were performed using fixed effects models. The quality of evidence was accessed with the GRADE tool. Of 171 studies identified in the initial searches, 68 were removed as they were duplicates. After titles and abstracts reading, 5 studies were included for final analysis. Pulp status was verified by cold thermal testing (CTT), electrical testing (ET) and pulse oximetry (PO). In general, treatments consisted of isolated radiotherapy using intensity- modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with total doses between 60-70Gy. Significant changes for CTT responses were observed in post-radiotherapy periods(n=4;I2=0%;95%CI;P< 0.00001/n=3;I2=0%;95%CI;P< 0.00001), being mostly negative responses. Significant changes in ET were seen in post-radiotherapy periods(n=2;I2=68%;95%CI;P< 0.00001), with a significant increase in the electrical dose for response. PO revealed a significant reduction in pulpal blood flow with the consequent return to normal values, however, meta-analyses were not possible. Three studies had a serious risk of bias, and two a moderate risk. GRADE analysis showed a moderate quality of evidence. Radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer does not induce pulp necrosis. CTT and ET should not be used as conclusive diagnostic methods of necrosis
BANCOS COMERCIAIS X COOPERATIVAS DE CRÉDITO DE BLUMENAU: Uma Análise Comparativa das Vantagens Oferecidas a Partir das Valorações de Produtos e Serviços
No full textEste estudo tem como tema a análise dos valores das tarifas e taxas cobradas por instituições bancárias e não-bancárias, tendo sido avaliados 16 tipos de produtos e/ou serviços comuns a ambos os segmentos. Teve como objetivo
comparar os valores cobrados tanto para pessoas físicas quanto para pessoas jurídicas, de modo a caracterizar quais as opções mais vantajosas para o potencial correntista ou associado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo em que foram
aplicados questionários com questões abertas a uma amostra de seis bancos e seis cooperativas de crédito da cidade de Blumenau/SC, o que permitiu o tratamento gráfico e numérico dos resultados. Salvaguardadas as peculiaridades e
características de cada instituição, a pesquisa revelou que as cooperativas de crédito, de forma geral, praticam valores de tarifas e taxas as taxas mais baixas que os bancos que compuseram a amostra. Outrossim, é necessário que se considerem as diferenças na constituição e operacionalidade de cada instituição e que a opção por uma ou outra instituição depende das necessidades subjetivas de pessoas físicas e jurídicas.
Palavras-chave: Bancos Comerciais. Cooperativas. Vantagens competitivas. Tarifas