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The effects of activities developed based on the REACT strategy on students' academic achievement and life skills
Get PDFBu araştırmanın amacı, REACT (Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, Transferring) stratejisine dayalı geliştirilen öğretim etkinliklerinin, ortaokul 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersine yönelik akademik başarıları ve yaşam becerileri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Yapılandırmacı ve bağlamsal öğrenme kuramlarının birleşiminden türetilen REACT stratejisi, öğrencilerin bilgiyi yalnızca edinmesini değil, deneyim yoluyla anlamlandırmasını ve yaşamla ilişkilendirmesini amaçlayan bütüncül bir öğretim modelidir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, nicel araştırma desenlerinden yarı deneysel model çerçevesinde, ön test–son test kontrol gruplu desen kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma grubu, 2024–2025 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde, Afyonkarahisar ilinde bulunan bir devlet ortaokulundaki toplam 77 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Deney grubunda REACT stratejisine uygun olarak geliştirilen etkinlikler uygulanmış; kontrol grubunda ise mevcut öğretim programındaki etkinliklere sadık kalınmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Fen Bilimleri Akademik Başarı Testi ile 21. Yüzyıl Yaşam Becerileri Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin öğretim süreci ve fen bilimleri dersine ilişkin görüşlerini derinlemesine ortaya koymak amacıyla, nitel veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu da kullanılmıştır. Bu form aracılığıyla elde edilen öğrenci ifadeleri, REACT stratejisinin öğrenci algısı üzerindeki etkilerini açıklayıcı nitel bilgilerle desteklemiştir. Uygulama süreci sekiz hafta sürmüş ve deney sürecinde her iki gruba da aynı kazanımlar işlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde, betimsel istatistiklerin yanı sıra bağımsız örneklem t-testi, bağımlı örneklem t-testi ve MANCOVA gibi parametrik analiz teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, REACT stratejisine dayalı etkinliklerin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarında anlamlı bir artış sağladığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca yaşam becerileri ölçeğinden elde edilen veriler, öğrencilerin öz-yönetim, iş birliği, iletişim ve problem çözme gibi temel becerilerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişmeler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma bulguları, REACT stratejisinin yalnızca bilişsel kazanımları değil, aynı zamanda öğrencilerin sosyal-duyuşsal gelişimlerini de destekleyen etkili bir öğretim yaklaşımı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, fen bilimleri öğretiminde öğrenci merkezli, bağlam temelli öğretim stratejilerinin kullanımına yönelik önemli kanıtlar sunmakta ve eğitim programlarında bu stratejilere daha fazla yer verilmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Araştırmanın sonunda, REACT stratejisinin uzun vadeli etkilerinin farklı disiplinlerde ve değişkenlerde incelenmesine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuşturThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of instructional activities developed based on the REACT strategy (Relating, Experiencing, Applying, Cooperating, Transferring) on 8th-grade middle school students' academic achievement and life skills in science education. Derived from the integration of constructivist and contextual learning theories, the REACT strategy represents a holistic instructional model that not only enables students to acquire knowledge, but also to construct meaning through experience and connect it to real-life contexts. In this regard, the study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with pre-test–post-test control group, one of the quantitative research methods. The study group consisted of 77 students enrolled in a public middle school located in Afyonkarahisar during the fall semester of the 2024–2025 academic year. In the experimental group, instructional activities aligned with the REACT strategy were implemented, while in the control group, the existing curriculum-based activities were maintained. Data were collected through the Science Academic Achievement Test developed by the researcher and the 21st Century Life Skills Scale. The implementation process lasted eight weeks, during which both groups were taught the same learning objectives. In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics were used alongside parametric statistical techniques such as independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, and MANCOVA. The findings revealed that REACT-based instructional activities led to a statistically significant improvement in students' academic achievement. Moreover, data obtained from the life skills scale indicated meaningful improvements in core competencies such as self-management, collaboration, communication, and problem-solving. The results of the study demonstrate that the REACT strategy is an effective instructional approach that not only enhances cognitive outcomes but also supports students' social-emotional development. In this context, the study provides substantial evidence for the integration of student-centered and context-based instructional strategies in science education and emphasizes the necessity of incorporating such approaches into educational programs. The study concludes with recommendations for future research to examine the long-term effects of the REACT strategy across various disciplines and variables
DNA APTAMER-IMMOBILIZED BLOCK COPOLYMER SURFACE FOR CIRCULATING TUMOR CELL CAPTURE IN LIQUID BIOPSY
No full textObjective: Detecting circulating liquid biopsy components is essential for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Current biosensors detect circulating tumor cells in later stages, prompting a search for more effective techniques. In this study, we developed a novel surface modified with poly glycidyl methacrylate (PGMA)-b-poly pyridyl disulfide methacrylate (PPDSMA) block copolymer and functionalized with AS1411 aptamer for sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells. Material and Methods: The PGMA-b-PPDSMA block copolymer was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Glass slides were modified with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), allowing covalent attachment of the block copolymer via PGMA epoxy groups. The pyridyl disulfide groups of PPDSMA enabled site-specific immobilization of thiol-modified anti-nucleolin DNA aptamer (AS1411). Immobilization efficiency and aptamer specificity were validated using fluorescence microscopy with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Results: NMR and GPC results showed that PGMA-b-PPDSMA block copolymer with a molecular weight of 6 kDa, consisting of 4.8 kDa PGMA and 1.2 kDa PPDSMA block, was synthesized and purified. APTES modification on glass surfaces was confirmed by absorbance signals in the range of 1500-1650 cm-¹ belonging to the NH2 group in the FTIR spectrum. The binding efficiency of thiol-modified AS1411 aptamer to the PPDS group of PGMA-b-PPDSMA block copolymer was followed by absorbance change between 250-400 nm of pyridin-2-thione by-product formed during the reaction with time. Conclusion: Fluorescence microscopy images showed that MCF-7 cells selectively bound to the AS1411-modified surfaces. These findings indicate that the modified surface has potential for targeted cancer cell binding under in vitro conditions and may hold promise for future application in liquid biopsy following further validation with clinical samples
The reliability problem of sīrah narrations in fiqh literature: The transmission of sīrah from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd
No full textÇalışma, fıkıh eserlerinde siyer rivayetlerine niçin yer verildiğini ve Ebû Ubeyd’in (öl. 224/838) Kitâbü’l-Emvâl’inde bulunan Urve b. Zübeyr’e (öl. 94/713) ait siyer rivayetlerinin aktarım sürecini analiz etmektedir. Hadislerin en erken 100/719 yılına tarihlendiği görüşü, bazı araştırmacılar tarafından fıkıh eserlerindeki siyer malzemesi için de geçerli kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki farklı görüş öne çıkmaktadır. Joseph Schacht’ın (öl. 1969) öncülüğünü yaptığı grup, bu verilerin en erken hicrî ilk asra tarihlendiğini ve sahih olmadıklarını öne sürmektedir. İkinci grupta yer alan Andreas Görke ve Marco Schöller, söz konusu rivayetlerin ilk râvilerine ait olmalarından dolayı güvenilir olduklarını ifade etmekle birlikte sonraki aktarım süreçlerinin titiz olmadığını ileri sürerek metinlerin değişime uğramış olabileceğini iddia etmektedirler. Bu makalenin amacı ise Urve’den Ebû Ubeyd’e kadar her bir râvinin verilerini nerede ve hangi edâ yöntemiyle elde ettiğini cerh-ta‘dîl ile tabakât eserlerindeki biyografilerinden hareketle tespit etmektir. Araştırma, Urve’nin 18 siyer rivayetini mercek altına almaktadır. Söz konusu rivayetlerden dördü oğlu Hişâm (öl. 146/763), onun evlatlığı Ebü’l-Esved (öl. ?) ve geriye kalan dördü, öğrencisi İbn Şihâb ez-Zührî (öl. 124/742) tarikiyle Ebû Ubeyd’e ulaşmaktadır. Çalışma, Urve’nin ve Urve’den sonraki her bir râvinin hangi edâ yöntemiyle bilgi edindiğini ve öğrencilerin hocalarıyla nerede karşılaştığını tespit eder. Siyer malzemesini kıraat yöntemiyle elde eden Urve’nin öğrencilerinin söz konusu verileri öğrencilerine münâvele, icâzetli kitâbet ve semâ yöntemleriyle aktardıklarını belirlemeye çalışmaktadır. Açıkça edâ yönteminin belirtilmediği fakat hoca-talebe karşılaşmasının gerçekleştiği aktarımlarda semâ veya kıraat metodunun olabileceğini varsaymaktadır. Makale, Ebû Ubeyd’in ise ilgili verileri Bağdat, Kûfe ve Mısır’da semâ veya kıraat yöntemiyle elde ettiğini saptamaktadır. Netice itibariyle araştırma, Urve’nin siyer rivayetlerinin Ebû Ubeyd’e kadar hangi yöntemlerle nakledildiğini takip etme ve ilgili verilerin tutarlı bir nakil sürecinden geçtiğini ortaya koyma amacındadır.This study investigates why Sīrah narrations are included in fiqh literature and analyzes the transmission process of narrations attributed to ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr (d. 94/713) as found in Abū ʿUbayd’s (d. 224/838) Kitāb al-Amwāl. The view that hadiths can be dated no earlier than the first century AH is extended by some researchers to Sīrah material in fiqh texts. Two main perspectives shape this discussion. The first, led by Joseph Schacht (d. 1969), argues that these narrations can be dated to the first century AH at the earliest and considers them inauthentic. The second, represented by Andreas Görke and Marco Schöller, suggests that while these narrations are reliable due to their attribution to early transmitters, subsequent transmission processes may not have been meticulous. This study aims to determine where and how each narrator from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd acquired these narrations and the methods they used, relying on biographical information from jarḥ wa-taʿdīl and ṭabaqāt literature. It focuses on 18 narrations attributed to ʿUrwah, of which 4 were transmitted through his son Hishām (d. 146/763), 10 through his adopted son Abū al-Aswad (d. ?), and 4 through his student Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī (d. 124/742). The study finds that these narrators used methods such as qirāʾah, samāʿ, and munāwala to transmit ʿUrwah’s narrations. In cases where explicit methods are not stated but teacher-student interactions are recorded, the use of samāʿ or qirāʾah is presumed. The findings also show that Abū ʿUbayd likely obtained these narrations through samāʿ or qirāʾah in Baghdad, Kūfa, and Egypt. In conclusion, the research traces the transmission process of ʿUrwah’s narrations to Abū ʿUbayd and demonstrates that they followed a consistent and reliable transmission process
Exploring the link between cyberloafing and work-related factors: A decade of systematic analysis
No full textCyberloafing has become a prevalent issue in modern work environments due to the rise of remote work, digitalization, and increased social media use. Despite its widespread occurrence, existing literature presents conflicting views on the causes and consequences of cyberloafing. While some studies emphasize its potential benefits, such as enhanced motivation, others underscore its detrimental effects on productivity. These contradictions, coupled with the absence of a unified theoretical framework, pose substantial challenges for both researchers and practitioners in understanding and managing this behavior. To address these challenges, the present study systematically reviews empirical research on cyberloafing, focusing exclusively on studies involving employees published over the past decade. By synthesizing a range of theoretical perspectives, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of cyberloafing, identifying its work-related antecedents and examining its consequences. The analysis identifies prominent theoretical perspectives, highlights common antecedents such as emotional exhaustion, peer cyberloafing, and workplace ostracism, and outlines major consequences, including job performance and future cyberloafing intentions. This study advances the understanding of cyberloafing trends and offers practical insights for managing this behavior in the workplace, suggesting strategies to mitigate its impact
Safe Haven for Bitcoin: Digital and Physical Gold or Currencies?
No full textThe recent economic turmoil and the increasing volatility of bitcoins have necessitated the need for exploring safe-haven assets for bitcoins. In this quest, the present study aims to investigate the safe haven for bitcoins by examining the dynamic relationship between bitcoins, gold, foreign exchange, and stablecoins. This is achieved by calculating hedge ratios and portfolio weight ratios for various asset classes, by employing adaptive-based techniques such as generalized orthogonal generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity, corrected dynamic conditional correlation, corrected asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation, and asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation under various market and time-varying conditions. The empirical estimate reveals that all the selected asset classes are effective risk diversifiers for bitcoins. However, among all the asset classes, as per the hedge and portfolio weight ratio, Japanese yen, stablecoin for Japanese yen and Great Britain Pound, and Crypto Holding Frank Token (lowest-cost hedging strategies) are the most effective risk diversifiers when compared with bitcoins. Moreover, while considering external economic shocks, the empirical estimate posits that stablecoins are more stable risk diversifiers compared to the asset class they represent. Furthermore, in terms of the bivariate portfolio analysis formed with bitcoin, this study concludes that the weight of bitcoin is more stable when combined with gold, tether gold, Euro, Great Britain Pound, Swiss franc, and Japanese Yen. Thus, these assets are attractive for long-term investment strategies. This study provides investors and policymakers with significant insight into understanding safe-haven assets for bitcoin's volatility and constructing a flexible portfolio that is dependent on the investment timeline and the prevailing market conditions.Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University [PNURSP2025R549]; Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers; Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaThis research was supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers, Supporting Project number (PNURSP2025R549), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
An XAI-Driven Hybrid YOLOv8-LRP Architecture for the Detection of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars in Panoramic Radiography
No full text2025 Innovations in Intelligent Systems and Applications Conference, ASYU 2025 -- 2025-09-10 through 2025-09-12 -- Bursa -- 214381The accurate detection of impacted mandibular third molars (i-mTM) in panoramic radiographs (PRs) is of vital importance for diagnosis and treatment planning. In this study, a hybrid YOLOv8-LRP architecture was proposed to enhance the interpretability of predictions using deep learning (DL)based YOLOv8 architectures for i-mTM detection, by integrating Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP), an Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) technique. A new dataset was created by labeling 608 PRs obtained from the public m-TM dataset. The performance of the proposed architecture was evaluated on this new dataset using a comprehensive ablation test. The optimized YOLOv8x architecture achieved superior performance metrics such as 99.59% precision, 100% recall, 99.80% F1 Score, and 99.50% mAP50. Heatmaps obtained from XAI analysis performed with LRP demonstrated that the proposed method provides explainability appropriate for the problem. In a performance comparison with state-of-the-art methods in the literature, the proposed hybrid method demonstrated the best performance across all metrics. These results clearly demonstrate that it offers a powerful and transparent tool for diagnostic decision support systems focused on detecting i-mTM in dentistry. © 2025 IEEE.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TUBITA
Real-Time Detection of Turkish Sign Language Letters and Numbers with Deep Learning
No full textThe visual language that hearing or speech-impaired individuals communicate with through facial expressions and hand movements is called sign language. The rate of reading and writing sign language is very low. For this reason, hearing or speech-impaired individuals have great difficulty in communicating with other people, especially when benefiting from services such as hospitals and education. In this study, real-time sign language detection and display on the computer screen were performed with deep learning. The movements of hearing or speech-impaired individuals shown with their hands and fingers are detected in front of the camera. As a result of detection, the letter corresponding to the movement is recognized and displayed on the computer screen. YOLOv8 architecture was used in this method. First, a data set was created for the study. The data set consists of 29 letters and 10 numbers. Photographs of sign language movements from 100 different people were taken in the data set. Different changes were made to the photographs in the data set. With these additions, the error that may occur due to any distortion that may occur from the camera was minimized. With the changes made to the photographs, the number of photographs forming the data set increased to 11079. As a result of the study, average stability was 90.7%, mAP was 85.8%, and recall was 81.4%
Analyzing Barriers to Discrimination Mitigation for Women's Empowerment to Achieve SDG 5-Gender Equality
Get PDFAchieving gender equality is crucial both as a fundamental human right and as a cornerstone of sustainable development. This study presents a decision-making framework to support stakeholders, particularly policymakers, in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) by identifying and addressing the barriers that perpetuate discrimination against women. The framework enables informed policy and intervention strategies by rank-ordering potential barriers and analysing causal relationships among them. Employing a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, the framework integrates Fermatean fuzzy sets to manage uncertainty, the logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighting (LOPCOW) method for weighting expert opinions, and the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method for prioritization and causal analysis of the barriers, effectively capturing multi-attitudinal perspectives on the issue. Key findings highlight that prevalence of traditional viewpoints and lack of awareness regarding women's rights and policies are primary barriers, with causal impact analysis indicating that factors lack of awareness regarding women's rights and policies, economic inequality and lack of access to education and training stem from the causes prevalence of traditional viewpoints, lack of effective laws and policy interventions, explicit and implicit biases, and lack of male engagement in gender equality. Sensitivity analysis confirms the decision framework's robustness and helps determine the barriers' final rank ordering. The framework proposed not only advances decision-making in gender studies but also offers a readily applicable tool for policymakers focused on gender equality, making a valuable contribution to research on discrimination reduction strategies
I hope I don't die before my child: The representation of autism in Turkish films
Get PDFThis study aims to examine how autism is represented in Turkish films. Three films featuring a character with autism were analyzed through document analysis. The following four themes were reached in the study: (1) behaviors specific to autism, (2) the family of the character with autism, (3) society's perspective on autism, and (4) the representation of the character with autism in the film. Notably, the films focus on the difficulties experienced by the character with autism, the problems experienced in the family, and the difficulties in accepting autism. In addition, all the films have melodramatic structures, and the families of individuals with autism experience much more difficulties than ordinary people
Factors Affecting Public Employees' Acceptance of Video Conferencing Tools: An Extended TAM Perspective
No full textThis study aimed to explore the key determinants of public employees' acceptance of video conferencing tools (VCTs) using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model. In addition to the core TAM constructs-perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, and behavioral intention-subjective norms, output quality, technostress, self-efficacy, facilitating conditions, technological complexity, and perceived enjoyment were selected for the study. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, using a convenience sampling method to select a study sample of 240 participants working in different public institutions. Following the removal of seven incomplete survey responses, a total of 233 valid responses were analyzed. The study's results empirically confirmed that attitude and perceived usefulness played significant roles in predicting behavioral intention to use VCTs. Additionally, the results reflected significant correlations between perceived usefulness and output quality, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms. Additionally, the study also demonstrated that self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment, facilitating conditions, and technological complexity predicted perceived ease of use. Overall, the results indicated that the study's proposed model, which included external constructs, was satisfactory in explaining public employees' acceptance of VCTs. As such, the study can be said to have enriched the knowledge about technology acceptance and offers implications for the use of VCTs in the future