University of Konstanz
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Statistik über die Bewerber/innen für ein Studium an der Universität Konstanz. Studienjahr 2025/2026, 1. Studienabschnitt (Wintersemester)
No full textAuswertung des Studienplatzvergabeverfahrens in Studiengängen mit örtlicher Zulassungsbeschränkung, in ZVS-Studiengängen und in zulassungsfreien Studiengängen.publishe
Between Playing Hardball and Accommodating Generously? : The Terms of Enlargement for the Integration of the German Democratic Republic Into the European Community
No full textDo norms impact state action, or are they purely instrumental and subordinate to material interests? I approach this long-standing debate by analysing the European Union's (EU) enlargement terms. When the prospect of enlargement arises, the EU faces the dilemma of minimising resulting financial implications while fulfilling normative obligations to support new members. Historically, the EU responded both by discriminating new members from benefits or by exempting them from obligations. I claim that understanding the determinants of enlargement requires bridging theoretical divides in European Studies. I argue that states' material interests and norms are equally influential, resulting in enlargement terms being painstakingly negotiated compromises balancing both. The analysis focuses on the German Democratic Republic's (GDR) integration into the European Community (EC), where the EU's dilemma between material and normative principles was particularly pronounced. The mixed-methods analysis reveals nuanced enlargement terms with unprecedented exemptions, albeit of short duration.publishe
Temporal Stability of Neural Markers of Motivated and Voluntary Attention : Case‐by‐Case and Group Analyses
No full textThere is growing evidence that electrophysiological markers of selective attention can be reliably assessed at the level of the individual case. The present study extends this work by examining their temporal stability across a one‐week retest interval, with a focus on motivated and voluntary attention. Seventeen healthy young adults were tested twice, 1 week apart, using a dense sensor EEG setup. Each session included blocks featuring either highly arousing erotic or mutilation images alongside low‐arousing control stimuli. To simultaneously assess voluntary attention, participants performed an emotion categorization task in which high or low arousal images served as targets in separate blocks. Across both emotion categories, the majority of participants showed significant emotional modulation of the EPN (88%) and LPP (100%) components, as well as target P3 effects (76%) in both sessions. Complementary classification approaches based on different significance thresholds further supported the consistency of these effects. Subsampling analyses revealed that although reducing trial numbers diminished reliability, robust effects, particularly for the EPN and LPP in response to erotic stimuli, remained detectable at moderate trial counts. Analyses at the group level revealed excellent test–retest reliabilities for the EPN (ICC > 0.91) and target P3 (ICC > 0.86). While reliability was good for the LPP (ICC > 0.60), the confidence intervals indicated substantial variability. Together, these findings demonstrate that neural correlates of both motivated and voluntary attention exhibit high test–retest reliability at the individual level, reinforcing their utility as biomarkers and highlighting the value of single‐case analyses in electrophysiological research.publishe
Unlocking young women's potential? : The impact of a low-cost career guidance program
No full textSocietal expectations and gender norms constrain young people’s career planning, particularly for girls, limiting the role of personal interests in skill-building decisions. This study evaluates a low-cost, 10-hour career exploration intervention through a pre-registered, school-level, clustered randomized controlled trial with over 6,000 primarily female students in urban India. The program improved future planning and increased the importance students placed on personal interests in career choices. However, there is no evidence of medium-term impacts on educational or skill-building investments. These findings suggest that while scalable interventions can shift aspirations and planning, structural barriers constrain longer-term behavioral change.publishe
How do assessed values affect the transaction prices of homes?
No full textProperty taxes are commonly levied as a percentage of a home’s assessed value (AV). AVs should affect home prices through opposing channels. An unexpected increase in AV implies higher tax payments, which should hurt a home’s selling price (tax channel). On the other hand, the increase should have a positive effect since AVs serve as reference prices (anchoring channel). In a quasi-experimental setting exploiting geographic variations in AV-publication dates and reassessment frequencies, we find that a higher AV leads to a lower transaction price, indicating that the tax channel prevails. Disentangling the aggregate effect, we document that empirically, the anchoring channel does not play a major role. Our results thus suggest an exacerbation of previously documented inequities caused by taxation.publishe
Existence proofs for rotationally symmetric translating solutions to mean curvature flow
No full textThere exist rotationally symmetric translating solutions to mean curvature flow that can be written as a graph over Euclidean space. This result is well-known. Its proof uses the symmetry and techniques from partial differential equations. However, the result can also be formulated as an existence result for a singular ordinary differential equation. Here, we provide different methods to prove existence of these solutions based on the study of the singular ordinary differential equation without using methods from partial differential equations.publishe
Efficient Quantum Simulation for Translationally Invariant Systems
No full textDiscrete translational symmetry plays a fundamental role in condensed matter physics and lattice gauge theories, enabling the analysis of systems that would otherwise be intractable. Despite this, many open problems remain. Quantum simulation promises to offer new insights, but progress is often limited by device connectivity constraints, which lead to prohibitively long computation times. We extend the use of spatial symmetry from the systems to be simulated to the quantum circuits simulating them. One application is that it becomes possible to efficiently and optimally alleviate device connectivity constraints algorithmically. This leads to reductions in quantum computational time by several orders of magnitude even for moderate system sizes, making such simulations feasible, with even greater relative gains for larger systems. This substantially enhances the capabilities of quantum computers in the simulation of condensed matter systems and lattice gauge theories, even before hardware improvements. Our Letter forms the basis for using spatial symmetry of quantum circuits in other areas of quantum computation, such as in the design and implementation of quantum error correcting codes.publishe
Sofort-Gewohnheiten : Wie kollektive Wenn-Dann Pläne die Zielerreichung im Team unterstützen
No full textWir benötigen für jedes Kapitel eine Zusammenfassung von mindestens 700 und höchstens 1000 Zeichen. Diese Zusammenfassung wird nur online, z. B. auf SpringerLink, zu sehen sein (und nicht im Buch abgedruckt werden), sodass interessierte Leser:innen einen ersten Eindruck vom Inhalt eines Kapitels gewinnen. Das Abstract kann textlich mit der folgenden Einführung identisch sein. Sie finden das Element im Menü „Start“ unter „Abstract“, die Überschrift „Zusammenfassung“ fügt sich dabei von selbst ein.publishe
Lowering Barriers to Augmented Reality in Chemistry - Easy Creation of Virtual 3D Molecular Models
No full textThe integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into chemistry education holds significant promise but is often hindered by the effort associated with creating accurate digital molecular models. We propose two open-source tools that automate the creation of digital molecular models from SMILES strings: an online 3D molecular model generator and a Blender plugin. Two evaluations based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) were carried out. The first qualitative study (n = 11) identified the online generator as intuitive and efficient, while the Blender plugin provided greater flexibility at the cost of higher complexity. The second study (n = 67) reports a quantitative questionnaire based on the TAM and showed high ratings for the online generator. Future developments should particularly address supporting users in working with SMILES notation─e.g., by integrating access to chemical databases, offering graphical molecule builders, or providing explanatory tutorials─while expanding export options toward cross-platform formats (e.g., OBJ, STL), alongside optimizing the Blender plugin’s usability to foster broader classroom adoption.publishe
Certification of the Sign Regularity of Matrix Intervals
No full textA sign regular matrix is a matrix having the property that its non-zero minors of all orders have, for each order, an identical sign. The most important instances are the totally nonnegative matrices; these are matrices having only nonnegative minors. In this paper, intervals of real matrices with respect to the usual entry-wise partial ordering are considered. The objective is to determine the minimum number of sign regular vertex matrices with an identical signature of their minors from which it can be inferred that all element matrices in the interval are sign-regular with the same signature of their minors. Results obtained so far are surveyed and approaches toward resolving a long-standing open problem are discussed.accepte