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Jangan lihat teknologi sebagai ancaman tetapi amanah
Get PDFTAHUN 1450 iaitu pertengahan abad ke-15, tukang emas Jerman, Johannes Gutenberg memperkenalkan mesin cetak di Eropah, inovasi yang akhirnya mengubah landskap ilmu pengetahuan di seluruh benua. Buku-buku yang dahulunya eksklusif dan mahal kini boleh dimiliki ramai, memacu ledakan literasi, pendidikan dan kemajuan sains. Namun, dalam empayar Uthmaniyyah yang ketika itu berada di puncak kuasa dan budaya, satu keputusan mengejutkan diambil, larangan penggunaan mesin cetak selama hampir 300 tahun. Hanya pada
Continuous positive airway pressure versus methylxanthine for apnoea in preterm infants
Get PDFRationale: Recurrent apnoea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of ineffective breathing can lead to hypoxaemia and bradycardia, sometimes severe enough to require resuscitation, including positive pressure ventilation. Various interventions have been used to manage apnoea of prematurity, including methylxanthines and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, CPAP and methylxanthines remain the most widely studied and utilised treatments due to their greater benefits and lesser harms compared to alternatives like CO₂ inhalation. Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and harms of CPAP compared to methylxanthines for apnoea of prematurity in preterm infants. Search methods: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, three clinical trials databases, and conference proceedings. We checked references in included studies and related systematic reviews up to August 2024. Eligibility criteria: We included all trials using random or quasi-random allocation to CPAP or any methylxanthine in preterm infants with clinical recurrent apnoea with or without bradycardia. We excluded infants with secondary apnoea, defined as apnoea secondary to causes other than prematurity. We excluded cross-over studies since the severity of apnoea of prematurity can change in either direction over time, but most commonly improves with time. We excluded studies that evaluated combined interventions, such as CPAP plus methylxanthines versus either CPAP or methylxanthines alone. Outcomes: Our critical outcomes were failure of treatment at any time point during hospitalisation, neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed at 18 to 24 months, death in the first year from any cause, bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA), and adverse effects such as nasal trauma, tachycardia within the first 24 hours of treatment initiation, feeding intolerance, and pneumothorax. Risk of bias: We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 1) to assess the risk of bias in the studies. Synthesis methods: We conducted a structured narrative synthesis based on the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) reporting guidelines, as only one eligible study was included. We grouped results by outcome, and extracted absolute and relative effects. No meta-analysis or subgroup analysis was performed. Included studies: We included one small randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a total of 32 participants, conducted in a high-resource setting and involving preterm infants. The trial compared CPAP and theophylline. Synthesis of results: CPAP compared to theophylline. The evidence is very uncertain about whether there is any difference between CPAP and theophylline in failure of treatment during hospitalisation (risk ratio (RR) 2.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12 to 7.47; risk difference (RD) 0.42, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.74; 1 study, 32 participants; very low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain about whether there is any difference between CPAP and theophylline in death in the first year (RR 2.57, 95% CI 0.97 to 6.82; 1 study, 32 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In terms of adverse effects, nasal trauma, feeding intolerance, and pneumothorax were not reported. Only tachycardia was reported, but the evidence is very uncertain about whether there is any difference between CPAP and theophylline in tachycardia within the first 24 hours after treatment initiation (RR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.60; 1 study, 32 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks' PMA and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 24 months were not reported in the included study. The overall risk of bias is high due to baseline imbalances, lack of blinding, and early trial cessation, which affects the reliability of the findings. Authors' conclusions: From the single, small included study, performed more than 40 years ago, we are very uncertain whether there is any clinically meaningful difference in the effect of CPAP and theophylline on apnoea of prematurity. Both interventions, CPAP and theophylline, have largely been replaced by nasal prong CPAP and caffeine or aminophylline in modern neonatal care, limiting the applicability of these findings to current practice. However, since caffeine is not readily available in some low- and middle-income countries, and CPAP access remains limited in certain settings, further research may still be relevant. If further trials are conducted, these should use modern CPAP delivery methods and caffeine rather than theophylline. This is the second update of a review first published in 1998. Registration: This is an update of the existing review 'Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnoea in preterm infants' originally published in The Cochrane Library, Disk 2, 1998 (Henderson-Smart d) and updated on Disk 4, 2001 (Henderson-Smart e). Previous versions are available via DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001072. The title was amended from 'Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnoea in preterm infants' to 'Continuous positive airway pressure versus methylxanthine for apnoea in preterm infants' in May 2024
An assessment of modal split and occupancy of vehicle on urban route: the case study of Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Get PDFUrban transportation in Kuala Lumpur, particularly along Jalan Pahang, faces severe congestion due to an increasing number of private vehicles. This study assesses the modal split, identifies influencing factors, and evaluates public transportation efficiency. Using CCTV footage, data was collected from camera registered as CN275 (inbound) and CN290 (outbound). Findings indicate that private vehicles dominate, with over 70% being Single Occupancy Vehicles (SOVs), while High Occupancy Vehicles (HOVs) and buses remain underutilized. This highlights an inefficient transport system. The study suggests that road expansion projects alone will not alleviate congestion but may instead encourage more private vehicle use. The research recommends enhancing public transportation services, adopting intelligent traffic management systems, and implementing policies to promote HOVs, ultimately fostering sustainable urban mobilit
The experience of self-management, exercise and cultural belief among older adults living with knee osteoarthritis: a qualitative study
No full textIntroduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) affects about 3.8% of the global population, with higher prevalence among older adults: around 10% of men and 13% of women aged 60 and above. Those with knee OA often endure chronic pain, movement difficulties, and reduced ability to perform daily tasks. Understanding how individuals manage knee OA is essential to uncovering their actual practices and improving care. This study aimed at exploring the experience of older adults living with knee osteoarthritis within the context of cultural influence in Malaysia setting. Methods: A generic qualitative study was conducted using purposive sampling among older adults living with knee osteoarthritis attending two local hospitals in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Fifteen semi-structured interviews, ranging from 40 to 90 minutes each were conducted from September 2021 until January 2022. The data were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The findings are organised around three major themes: living with knee pain (impact on daily living activities; impact on religious practice), self-management (seeking treatment from health facilities; exercise with knee osteoarthritis; complementary therapies; dietary and food intake; coping mechanisms), and the impact of local cultural and religious beliefs (religious belief; cultural practice). Conclusion: Attention to the role of self-management and exercise activity embedded in daily lives should be applied to promote better well-being, particularly when dealing with culturally sensitive older adults living with knee osteoarthritis in Malaysia. Nurses can help older adults by providing education about disease management, assisting with activities of daily living, culturally competence and promoting socialisation based on the context of population
Supporting children’s participation in decision-making concerning nursing care: a focused ethnographic study
No full textIntroduction: Children’s participation in decision-making within healthcare settings is a fundamental aspect of their rights and well-being. This study aimed to explore how nurses support children’s participation in decision-making during nursing care, focusing on a Malaysian paediatric context. Materials and Methods: A focused ethnographic approach was employed, with data collected through participant observations and semi-structured interview in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. The study involved 19 nurses, 21 children, and 21 parents. Results: Three key themes emerged: offering choices and negotiating, fostering a child’s self-expression, and attending to the child’s demands. Findings revealed that nurses actively encouraged children to express their preferences, provided opportunities for negotiation, and utilized strategies to gain cooperation without compromising care quality. However, decision-making remained predominantly nurse-controlled, with children’s involvement largely limited to minor, non-critical decisions. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of implementing nurse training programs and establishing policy frameworks to enhance children’s participation in nursing care, promoting a more collaborative approach in paediatric healthcare settings
Enlightening strategies for tourism development in a global metropolis: the Seoul experience
Get PDFTourism has been a key driver of economic development globally, with Seoul standing out as a successful example of a popular tourist destination, particularly in the Southeast Asian region. The study explores how tourism contributes to Korea's national economy and consequently, promotes sustainable tourism development in the nation. This study relies on secondary data, primarily official documents, for data collection. It employed a qualitative research method to collect data on selected towns in Seoul, using a descriptive explanatory approach. Seoul has effectively utilised tourism to boost its global reputation and economic growth, with strategic urban planning efforts such as city branding, cultural tourism, and innovative design playing a significant role in enhancing its international tourism competitiveness. By integrating cultural tourism with urban design strategies, Seoul showcases its rich history and culture to attract visitors worldwide and foster sustainable economic development. The city's blend of modernity and tradition serves as a blueprint for other urban areas looking to enhance their global standing through tourism-focused urban development. Seoul's comprehensive approach to tourism and urban planning is instrumental in driving its economic success and international standin
Jangan bantu syaitan merosak orang lain
Get PDF“Setuju atau tidak video kelakuan biadab si murid menumbuk guru itu ditularkan?”
Hampir semua pelajar dalam kelas saya di Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia mengangguk kepala tanda setuju.
Saya susuli soalan kedua.
“Jika si biadab yang menumbuk guru dalam video itu ialah adik atau saudara mara anda, setuju atau tidak video itu ditularkan?”
Sebahagian pelajar kelihatan teragak-agak untuk menganggukkan kepala. Pun begitu, masih ada yang mengangguk setuju.
Saya susuli pula dengan soalan ketiga.
“Jika yang menumbuk guru dalam video itu diri anda sendiri, adakah anda setuju video itu ditularkan?
Managing cloud services on sensor nodes for efficient wireless energy harvesting
No full textWireless Sensor Networks are integral to a wide array of smart applications, including environmental supervision, healthcare, and manufacturing automation.
However, the operation of sensor nodes is often constrained by limited energy
resources. Efficient wireless energy harvesting (WEH) is a promising solution that
can extend the operational lifetime of these nodes. Managing cloud services on
sensor nodes plays a critical role in optimizing energy consumption and ensuring
effective integration of WEH technologies
Brand image of nursing perceived by rural society in the wake of Covid-19 in Indonesia
No full textStereotypes of nursing still exist in society. Furthermore, since the Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia, the brand image of nursing has been limited in exploring for rural society. This study aims to explores the public’s perception of nursing brand image in the wake of Covid-19 in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Materials and methods: The participants were 15 Indonesians who did not work in the nursing and health field. Purposive sampling was used to conduct a descriptive qualitative study. Data was gathered through in-depth interview lasting between 45-60 minutes. The data was collected from November 2022 to January 2023 in Bantul, Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted using Colaizzi's techniques and NVivo 12TM Plus. Results: The data analysis revealed four themes with consisted of two images include: Positive image of nurses: 1) Character traits of nurses; 2) Nurses’ roles and responsibilities; and 3) Expectation for nurses. Then, the negative image of nurses with the theme: 4) Negative perception of nurses. Conclusion: The Indonesian public perceived the brand image of nursing in two ways both positively and negatively. Nursing brand image was perceived by society majority in positive view, such as caring, frontliner for taking care Covid-19 patient, being more professional; however some negative insight persist, included physician assistant and arrogant behavior. It is suggested for nursing profession needs to campaign for a new brand image of nursing that emphasizes the professionalis