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Transcending the red eye: a nearly missed case of adult gonococcal conjunctivitis.
Get PDFGonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease with a rising incidence worldwide. Adult gonococcal conjunctivitis is relatively uncommon but poses significant risks, including corneal perforation if not treated promptly. Diagnosis can be challenging, and delayed or misdiagnosis may occur due to its resemblance to other common forms of conjunctivitis. We reported a case of a 35-year-old sexually active male with persistent unilateral conjunctivitis that did not respond to standard topical antibiotics. Further investigation revealed Neisseria gonorrhoeae as the causative organism. Despite developing corneal thinning, the patient responded well to prompt systemic and topical antibiotics, with preservation of vision. This case highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive history, including sexual history, to facilitate early detection and treatment, which can help prevent complication
Comparison between impacted maxillary and mandibular canines in an Iraqi population: prevalence and classification
Get PDFBackground: Concerning the importance of impacted canines for aesthetics and function to improve patients’ health, it is crucial to provide the oral surgeon and orthodontist with a complete analysis of their location, angulation, and relation with adjacent teeth. Objective: To determine and compare the frequencies of different types of impacted maxillary and mandibular canines under the current classification systems in an Iraqi population sample. Methods: This study retrospectively examined the cone beam computed tomography scans of 1000 Iraqi patients aged 12–40 years (380 males and 620 females) who had attended the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department at Ghazi Al-Hariri and Al-Sadder City Hospitals. Results: Of the 1000 patients, 49 had impacted maxillary canines (4.9%), of which 18(36.7%) were male and 31(63.3%) were female. Bilateral impaction was more common than unilateral impaction (61.2% vs. 19.0%). Type II was the most common impaction type. In addition, 20 patients had impacted mandibular canines (2%), of which 8(40.0%) were male and 12(60.0%) were female. Bilateral impaction was less common than unilateral impaction (25.0% vs. 75.0%). Type III was the most common impaction. Conclusions: Impaction was more common for maxillary canines (4.9%) than for mandibular canines (2.0%). Type II impaction was the most common for maxillary canines, followed by Types I, IV, and VII. In contrast, Type III impaction was the most common for mandibular canines, followed by Type
Tashkhis Dental AI: a Tawhidic approach to smart web-based diagnostics for oral health and Ihsan-centred care
Get PDFIntroduction: Oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal bone loss remain among the most
prevalent global health challenges, often detected late, leading to costly and invasive treatment.
Limited access to specialised diagnostic tools further widens the disparity in oral health care. Guided
by IIUM’s Tawhidic Epistemology and the value of Ihsan, this project introduces Tashkhis Dental
AI, a web-based diagnostic platform designed to integrate technology with ethical responsibility.
Methods: A dataset of over 5,000 anonymised intraoral and panoramic radiographs was ethically
curated, de-identified, and reviewed for quality before use. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs)
were developed to detect dental caries, periodontal bone loss, and related pathologies, with data split
into training (70%), validation (15%), and testing (15%) sets. Pre-processing included normalisation
and standardisation, while augmentation techniques enhanced robustness. Model performance
was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1-score, benchmarked against
board-certified oral radiologists, with reliability measured via Cohen’s kappa. The validated model
was deployed as a cloud-based web application for real-time diagnostic support. Results: When
tested against expert evaluations, the system achieved a diagnostic accuracy above 97%, showing
strong reliability and agreement with board-certified oral radiologists. The integration of AI
within a user-friendly web interface provided clinicians with robust diagnostic support, enabled
large-scale community screenings, and reduced diagnostic errors. The tool also demonstrated
scalability in underserved settings, highlighting its potential to strengthen clinical practice, enhance
preventive care, and expand public health outreach through accessible AI-driven diagnostics.
Conclusion: Tashkhis Dental AI exemplifies IIUM’s mission of uniting technological advancement
with Tawhidic values, ensuring innovation serves humanity ethically and compassionately. By
fostering early detection, preventive care, and equitable access, this initiative not only aligns with
IIUM’s vision but also supports global priorities such as SDG 3 (Good Health & Well-Being) and
SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure)
Masjid Wadi Al-Hussein of Narathiwat, Southern Thailand: the unforgotten Islamic architectural heritage
Get PDFThe present study examines the architectural evolution and cultural significance of Masjid Wadi Al-Hussein, also known as Masjid Teluk Manok, located in Lubosawo, Narathiwat, Southern Thailand. Established in the 1600s, this masjid (mosque) is one of the oldest Islamic structures in the region and serves as a key example of vernacular Malay architecture blended with Javanese influences and Islamic symbolism. Over nearly 400 years, Masjid Wadi Al-Hussein has undergone multiple phases of development, each reflecting changes in the socio-political and religious landscape of the local Malay Muslim community. This study focuses on the masjid’s structural systems, materials, ornamentation, and spatial organisation, documenting how the building’s design has evolved to meet the needs of its congregation while preserving its historical and religious significance. Using a combination of architectural analysis, field measurements and historical documentation, it explores the influences of local climate, materials, and Islamic religious practices on the masjid’s design. Particular attention was given to the use of traditional construction techniques, such as timber post-and-beam systems, the application of Singgora clay tiles for passive cooling, and the symbolic meaning of carvings and calligraphy. The present study also highlights the challenges of heritage conservation in tropical climates, where humidity and environmental factors threaten the longevity of timber structures. It concludes by emphasising the importance of preserving such heritage buildings, not only for their architectural value but also for their role in maintaining the cultural and religious identity of the local community. This study contributes to the broader discourse on Islamic architecture and heritage conservation in Southeast Asia, offering insights into sustainable preservation practices for future generations
Co-teaching: dua guru, satu irama pembelajaran
No full textKata orang, dua kepala lebih baik daripada satu. Namun dalam bilik darjah yang semakin kompleks, ungkapan itu tidak lagi sekadar peribahasa. Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) merancang memperkenalkan co-teaching dalam Kurikulum Persekolahan 2027, dan ramai tertanya sama ada dua guru dalam satu kelas benar-benar mampu mengubah pengalaman belajar murid. Pada dasarnya, co-teaching kelihatan mudah. Dua guru berkongsi kelas, saling menyokong dan memberi perhatian kepada murid. Namun seperti mana-mana usaha berpasukan, pelaksanaannya memerlukan keserasian dan kefahaman yang jelas antara rakan sejawat. Jika tidak dirancang dengan baik, sesi yang sepatutnya lancar boleh menjadi kurang teratur. Di banyak sekolah, ruang bilik darjah yang terhad, jadual guru yang padat dan beban tugas harian yang semakin meningkat menjadikan co-teaching mencabar untuk dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Idea dua guru dalam satu kelas memang menarik, tetapi perlu disokong oleh perancangan yang teliti supaya matlamat asalnya benar-benar tercapai
Sense of order: the effects of machine aesthetic on biomaterials favourability
No full textDesigners are increasingly creating materials from renewable and recycled sources to support a circular economy, aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of linear production and consumption. These materials are considered sustainable alternatives to non-renewable materials, such as fossil fuel-based plastics. While users may be drawn to the sustainability narrative and "biography" of such materials, the highly natural appearance of biomaterials can sometimes evoke unappealing user responses. This study examines how "machine aesthetics"—visible signs of production like graphical embossment and engraving—impact user perceptions of biomaterials. The research explores how surface alterations influence emotional responses and underlying appraisals by comparing reactions to biomaterial samples with a high degree of naturalness against those with embossed and engraved surfaces. Findings reveal that machine aesthetics evoke a sense of order, contributing to favourable responses and minimising other negative evaluations of the material aspects. Although users value biomaterials for their natural origins, structured human-imposed aesthetics satisfy a desire for aesthetic coherence and control. This finding suggests that people appreciate sustainable materials' natural imperfections when presented within a framework of manageability and familiarity
Applying (ACTFL) Standards to Arabic Language Education and the Challenges of Artificial Intelligence An Analytical Study
Get PDFThis analytical study explores the application of the American Council on
the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) standards in Arabic language
education, focusing particularly on the emerging challenges and
opportunities posed by artificial intelligence (AI). As AI technologies
continue to reshape the landscape of language instruction globally,
integrating ACTFL standards -which emphasize linguistic proficiency,
intercultural competence, and communicative effectiveness- into Arabic
teaching environments presents both pedagogical potential and significant
complexity. Arabic is a linguistically rich language with morphological
diversity, syntactic complexities, and regional dialectal variations that hinders
the effectiveness of generalized AI language tools. The core problem
addressed in this study is the limited understanding of how AI-powered
educational tools align with ACTFL standards in the context of Arabic
language instruction, particularly concerning cultural authenticity, grammar
accuracy, and assessment validity. To investigate this, the study employed a
content analysis approach using the Scopus Analyzer tool. Results indicate a
growing body of literature that connects AI innovations with second language
instruction, yet a noticeable gap remains in addressing Arabic specifically.
Only some of the analyzed papers explicitly focused on Arabic education,
and even fewer engaged with ACTFL-aligned frameworks. While AI has
shown promise in areas such as personalized learning, grammar feedback,
and pronunciation support, it struggles with capturing dialectal nuance and
cultural subtleties central to ACTFL’s five Cs (Communication, Cultures,
Connections, Comparisons, and Communities). The study concludes that
for AI tools to be effectively deployed in Arabic language education, they
must be tailored to the linguistic and cultural realities of Arabic-speaking
learners. Furthermore, alignment with ACTFL standards should not only
guide instructional content but also inform the development of AI algorithms
and feedback systems. These findings offer a foundation for future
curriculum development, policy formulation, and interdisciplinary
collaboration between educators and AI developers aiming to uphold
international language education standards in a culturally authentic manner
Towards safer colorectal surgery worldwide: outcomes and benchmarks from the ESCP CORREA 2022 audit
Get PDFAbstract
Introduction: Benchmarking colorectal surgery outcomes informs quality improvement. The ESCP CORREA 2022 snapshot audit aimed to assess contemporary colorectal resection practices and short-term outcomes across European countries and beyond.
Methods: An international prospective multicentre audit was conducted in which adults undergoing elective or emergency colorectal resection during a 6-week period (January-April 2022) at participating hospitals were included. Data on patient demographics, indications, surgical approach (open, laparoscopic or robotic) and 30-day postoperative outcomes (complications, reoperation and mortality) were collected for analysis. The outcomes were analysed and compared with those of previous audits to identify trends in colorectal surgery.
Results: The study enrolled 3521 patients (56.8% men) from 216 hospitals across 53 countries. In 72.2% of the cases, the indication for resection was malignancy, followed by diverticular disease in 9.0%, Crohn's disease in 3.7% and ulcerative colitis in 2.3% of the cases. Of the surgeries, 74.4% were elective. Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 55.2% of the cases (48.7% laparoscopic and 6.5% robotic). Primary anastomosis was performed in 90.3% of the patients. The 30-day anastomotic leak rate was 7.96%; in malignant and benign diseases, the leak rates were 7.3% and 10.2%, respectively. The leak rates for right, left, anterior rectal resection, pouch and subtotal colectomy were 6.9%, 7.7%, 9.7%, 16.0% and 11.8%, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, the risk factors for leakage included male sex (9.3% vs. 6.3%, OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.95, p = 0.023) and emergency surgery (11.4% vs. 7.1%, OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.10-2.27, p = 0.013). Thirty-day mortality was 2.38%.
Conclusions: This large international audit provides the status of the management of colorectal surgery. This shows that minimally invasive techniques are widely adopted, and 30-day mortality is low; however, anastomotic leak rates remain persistently high. These findings highlight the ongoing need for targeted research and quality-improvement initiatives to reduce anastomotic failure and improve outcomes of colorectal surgery
E-buku kompilasi asbtrak & poster YIC 2025
Get PDFE-buku Kompilasi Abstrak dan Poster YIC 2025 ini adalah hasil kompilasi abstrak dan
poster yang dipertandingkan di Youth Innovation Competition 2025 atau
Pertandingan Inovasi Belia 2025 yang dianjurkan oleh Unit Penyelidikan dan Inovasi,
Pusat Asasi, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia, Kampus Gambang. E-buku ini
mengumpulkan abstrak dan poster inovasi dari dua kategori iaitu kategori idea dan
produk. Penerbitan ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan hasil inovasi peserta
peserta yang merangkumi pelbagai aspek berkaitan pelajaran & pembelajaran serta
STEM. E-buku ini mengetengahkan matlamat utama YIC 2025 sebagai sebuah
platform untuk menggalakkan pemikiran kreatif, penyelidikan yang berimpak tinggi,
dan pemberdayaanbelia dalam menangani cabaran semasa. Penerbitan E-buku ini
diharapkan dapat menjadi penghargaan dan juga sumber inspirasi kepada para
pelajar serta warga Pusat Asasi UIAM secara umumnya
Stable and channel spacing tunable of SOA-based multiwavelength fiber laser utilizing parallel Lyot filter
Get PDFWe proposed a generation of a tuneable channel-spacing in multiwavelength fiber laser that incorporates a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and a parallel Lyot filter. Previously, only a few works demonstrated channel spacing tunability using parallel Lyot filter, with none of them utilizing SOA. A stable and tuneable multiwavelength spectrum with up to three distinct channel spacings is demonstrated using three different sets of parallel Lyot filter either Short, Long, and Mixed based on varying lengths of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF). Channel spacing tunability is achieved by selecting different PMF length combinations. Experimental results show that two channel spacing modes, either single or multiple, can be selected for each configuration. Additionally, increasing the SOA drive current results in a greater number of lasing lines with higher intensity within the cavity. The system demonstrates good stability, with peak power differences of 1.46 dB, 0.65 dB, and 2.61 dB for the Short, Long, and Mixed sets, respectively, during a 60-minute observation period