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From rising tides to resilient cities: climate change impacts and challenges in Timbulsloko, Indonesia, and the future of other Asian coastal cities: Clusters of future studies: corporate foresight; environmental futures; post-normality and complexity
No full textThis study examines the adaptive strategies employed by the community in Timbulsloko, Demak Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, to mitigate the impacts of sea-level rise resulting from climate change. It aims to share the measures taken
by Timbulsloko (Indonesia) and other future cities in Asia, such as Shanghai and Guangzhou (China), Dhaka, Banishanta and Sutarkhali (Bangladesh), Ayutthaya (Thailand), and Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam). Using qualitative methods and indepth
interviews, this study reveals how the community has developed collective behaviours, local knowledge, and indigenous technologies to adapt to permanent water inundation. These efforts demonstrate their ability to learn from past experiences and enhance their resilience in the face of environmental challenges. The findings provide valuable insights for future cities in Asia, particularly those in coastal regions that are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The local community in Demak regency has adopted a high level of collective behaviour to combat sea level
rise flooding, which not only produces efforts but also generates local knowledge and technology as an advanced adaptation process for the future. The experience of the
local community in Timbulsloko highlights the potential of hybrid adaptation models that merge traditional practices with innovative technologies. This study emphasises
the importance of empowering local communities as central stakeholders in building resilience. Aligning these localised efforts with global climate frameworks, such as the Sustainable Development Goals, ensures scalability and long-term effectiveness
The spectrum of natural pigments: diversity, industrial applications, and future prospects
No full textNatural pigments are vast and multifaceted, promising significant advancements in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and environmental sustainability. These pigments encompass a wide array of compounds derived from botanical, animal, and mineral
sources. They offer a safer and more sustainable option, imbuing artworks, textiles, cosmetics, and other goods with a unique character and depth originating from nature’s palette. Plant-based pigments, such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins, showcase colours ranging from green to red. In contrast, animal-derived pigments like cochineal extract yield unique red and purple shades. Mineral pigments like iron
oxides contribute earthy tones suitable for various applications. Continuous research and innovation suggest that natural pigments are poised to play a significant role in the future of colouration and material science, offering a renewable and environmentally friendly solution to meet evolving consumer needs. There is a noticeable shift toward natural additives over synthetic alternatives in consumer choices, prompting the food industry to anticipate a considerable move towards plant-based pigments. This transition is bolstered by continued research to enhance
the stability and intensity of these pigments. Additionally, marine natural pigments and bacterial pigments show promising therapeutic applications, offering biocompatibility, bioavailability, and environmentally friendly solutions. Thus, the future potential of natural pigments lies in their ability to meet the demands of various industries for sustainable, safe, and bioactive colourants. Continuous research and
technological advancements pave the way for their expanded use, enhancing stability, colour range, and application across industries
Preserving Malay heritage: the intersection of traditional knowledge and natural pigments
No full textGlobalization and rapid socioeconomic change have affected indigenous communities in Malaysia. A recent demand for plant-derived bioactive compounds has increased the attention of the researcher to discover phytochemicals content and manage the conservation of natural biodiversity simultaneously. Malay’s indigenous knowledge and
technology in natural colorants represent a rich heritage deeply rooted in the country’s diverse cultural and ecological landscapes. The indigenous communities of Malay have long relied on natural resources for various purposes, including coloring fabrics, food, personal care, and crafts. Indigenous communities possess traditional knowledge passed down
through generations regarding the identification, harvesting, and processing of natural colorants. This knowledge often involves an intimate understanding of local flora, including plants, roots, fruits, and even insects, that yield vibrant pigments suitable for dyeing. The use of natural colorants underscores a holistic approach to resource management and sustainability. Indigenous practices typically emphasize responsible harvesting techniques to ensure the regeneration
and preservation of natural dye sources. This sustainable ethos aligns with contemporary environmental conservation efforts and promotes biodiversity conservation. Meanwhile, natural colorants hold profound cultural significance for Malaysia’s indigenous communities. The colors are derived from natural sources, which often carry symbolic meanings
and are integral to traditional ceremonies, rituals, and artistic expressions. They serve as a tangible link to cultural heritage and identity, fostering a sense of pride and continuity among Indigenous peoples. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to identify and document the Malay indigenous knowledge and technology in natural colorant by focusing on plant
resources in the Malay culture, where the ethnoscience behind each usage will be further elaborated. Finally, strategies on the preservation of the Malay indigenous knowledge specifically on natural colorants. In summary, there has been a growing interest in the scientific exploration
and commercialization of natural colorants. Researchers and
entrepreneurs are investigating the chemical composition, properties, and potential applications of indigenous dye sources for industries such as textiles, cosmetics, and food. This interdisciplinary approach combines traditional knowledge with modern scientific methods to unlock new
possibilities for economic development and technological innovation
The evolution and impact of green pigments in halal food technology
No full textThis chapter explores the role of green pigments, particularly
chlorophyll, in the Halal food industry, emphasizing its applications, benefits, and future potential. Green pigments, derived naturally from plants, have long been recognized for their aesthetic qualities and healthpromoting properties. In recent years, their use has expanded beyond food colouring to encompass functional foods, sustainable food
packaging, and bioactive ingredients that promote consumer health and well-being. As consumer demand for natural, Halal-certified products increases, chlorophyll stands out as an ideal solution, meeting both dietary and ethical requirements. The chapter delves into extraction
techniques and biotechnological advancements in the production of chlorophyll, highlighting methods such as supercritical fluid extraction and microbial fermentation that promise to make these pigments more sustainable and cost-effective. Additionally, the chapter investigates the increasing use of chlorophyll in biodegradable food packaging, an
essential aspect of the eco-conscious shift in the food industry, particularly in Halal markets where sustainability is a priority. Moreover, chlorophyll’s antioxidant properties and detoxifying effects position it as a sought-after ingredient in functional foods like juices, smoothies, and health supplements. This chapter also examines consumer perceptions of green pigments in Halal foods, considering the growing awareness around health, sustainability, and ethical sourcing. Finally, the future of green pigments in Halal food technologies is discussed, with a focus on emerging trends and the potential for innovation in Halal-certified products. As the market continues to evolve, chlorophyll offers a promising avenue for aligning health-conscious, eco friendly, and Halal-compliant food solutions, ensuring that the Halal food industry remains at the forefront of sustainable and ethical food technology
The application of QR codes at selected Malacca heritage mosques for interactive educational tourism
No full textEducational Tourism in heritage mosques is a form of tourism activity that emphasizes educational content to fulfill tourists' experiences and knowledge in heritage buildings, while interactive educational tourism is a form of approach using tourism activities, programs, or interactive multimedia and technology features to promote enjoyable and livable learning opportunities and exploration in historical, architectural, and cultural traits. However, interactive multimedia and technology features do not fully engage with the Malacca heritage mosques for interactive educational tourism, as tourists need to rely on printed materials, word-of-mouth by locals, or reviews from travel websites. These limited sources and non-updated information resulted in tourists being dissatisfied with the visits, hence not achieving their learning experiences, and less promoting of interactive educational tourism. Therefore, this study aims to introduce the use of QR Codes linked to online information websites at selected Malacca heritage mosques to improve tourists' learning experiences in historical and cultural heritage attributes and promote interactive educational tourism at heritage buildings. For this research, a mixed-method approach of questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview is used. and distributed using online and on-site approaches and the result of 350 surveys indicates that 44.9% of tourists agreed QR Codes can be used to access information about selected Malacca heritage mosques. 44.9% of tourists also agreed that QR Codes are viewed as a medium to access the content and as a ‘gateway’ to interactive educational tourism using digital applications. This is also agreed by the interviewees that QR Codes help tourists access information on selected Malacca heritage mosques through interactive websites that display updated and consistent content regarding the historical and cultural attributes of the heritage mosques. The study’s contribution lies in the effectiveness of using QR Codes as a platform to disseminate information about heritage buildings through interactive multimedia and updated sources on websites. This approach has been shown to increase tourists’ interest in using QR Codes, as evidenced by the feedback surveys and interview sessions. Recent studies and tourists’ survey feedback indicate that this approach enhances tourists’ information retrieval by providing easy access to interactive and updated content through QR Codes. This improvement facilitates experiential learning, personalized experiences, enriched visual engagement, and increased motivation for tourists to revisit the places
Exploring organisational challenges and enablers in the implementation of the integrated personnel and payroll information system (IPPIS) in Nigeria
No full textThe Integrated Personnel and Payroll Information System (IPPIS) was introduced by the Nigerian government to promote payroll transparency, reduce fraud, and enhance administrative efficiency. Despite these goals, its implementation faces persistent organizational, technical, and user-related challenges. This study employs a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with ten key personnel from the Office of the Accountant-General of the Federation to explore the barriers and enablers affecting IPPIS adoption. Findings indicate that data delays, limited ICT skills, system rigidity, and resistance to change impede effective use, while leadership support, training, perceived usefulness, and accountability facilitate adoption. Participants also proposed strategies for improving system design, stakeholder engagement, and sustainability. The study provides ministry-level insights into digital transformation and offers policy recommendations for strengthening public payroll reforms in Nigeria
From feeding to flourishing: an al-Fārābīan examination of sustainability, empowerment, and Tawhidic ethics in urban community food initiatives
No full textUrban hunger has intensified despite substantial economic growth, with global data revealing a sharp rise in food insecurity driven by climate disruptions, economic volatility, and systemic inequalities. In large metropolitan areas, B40 communities face acute challenges accessing nutritious food, dignified employment, and stable livelihoods, despite the presence of charitable efforts such as soup kitchens, rumah makan, and food banks. While these initiatives provide immediate relief, mounting evidence shows that feeding alone is insufficient to address entrenched poverty. Drawing on al-Fārābī’s philosophical vision of the virtuous city and the Tawhidic principles of niyyah, barakah, and maṣlaḥah, this study explores how urban community food initiatives sustain themselves through adaptive fundraising, volunteer mobilisation, and spiritually grounded motivations. Using a qualitative case study involving donors, volunteers, and beneficiaries of the mKitchen initiative, the research investigates how charitable food systems transition from short-term relief toward empowerment pathways such as micro-entrepreneurship, skills development, and social cohesion. The findings underscore that long-term solutions require a synthesis of compassion, structural reform, and ethical stewardship. Ultimately, sustainable food assistance must become a platform for human capability-building, economic inclusion, and community flourishing aligned with al-Fārābī’s conception of a just and purposeful societ
Barriers and limitations of conventional oculovisual screening methods in children: a systematic review perspective
No full textBackground: Early detection of vision problems in children is essential for preventing developmental delays and academic challenges. Conventional vision screening methods are widely implemented; however, various barriers limit their effectiveness and accessibility.
Objective: This systematic review aims to identify and analyse the barriers and limitations associated with conventional vision screening methods in children.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted across the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases using predefined keywords and Boolean operators. Eligible studies included empirical investigations that examined barriers
and limitations in paediatric vision screening. The review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and quality assessment
was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).
Results: Of the studies screened, 25 met the inclusion criteria. Employing thematic analysis, five key barriers and limitations were discovered: (i) methodological limitations, (ii) resource constraints, (iii) competency gaps, (iv) socioeconomic and psychological barriers, and (v) policy and systemic challenges.
Conclusion: Future research should focus on evaluating novel screening approaches that can overcome current limitations and enhance early detection rates for a broader range of paediatric vision conditions
