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Sensitivity analysis of unsafe behaviors in the spinning and weaving factories: Exploring the association with burnout and resilience using Bayesian networks
Full text linkJob burnout and resilience skills are factors that can affect safety performance in the workplaces. However, the contribution of these variables to unsafe behaviors through various paths has not been determined. This study aimed to investigate the association of three burnout dimensions and resilience with safety compliance and safety performance using Bayesian network modelling. This research was performed with a cross-sectional design. Participants were 200 employees working in some spinning and weaving factories. Participants provided responses to printed survey items during work rest periods. The survey comprised a demographic information section, validated Persian versions of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the safety behavior assessment. The Bayesian network was analyzed using version 2.3 of the GeNIe academic software. At the high state with probability of 100% for each of the three burnout variables: depersonalization emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment, and (poor) resilience, the probability of poor safety compliance increased by 16%, 16%, 7%, and 24% and the probability of poor safety participation rose by 6%, 12%, 29%, and 17%, respectively. All variables with the probability of 100% also elevated the likelihood of diminished safety compliance and low safety participation by 51% and 34%. Each of the three dimensions of burnout can be associated with changes in resilience, safety compliance, and safety participation. Resilience plays a significant role in mediating the association between burnout dimensions and unsafe behaviors
Special Issue: The Non-Human Irresistible: The Poetics of Portals, Ports and Shorelines, from Cork and Merseyside
No full textWe are grateful to the research project POEPOLIT II - Contemporary Poetry and Politics: Social Conflicts and Poetic Dialogisms, funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades del Goberno de España (PID2019-105709RB-I00, 2020-2023) for the support and funding of 'Poems in Port Cities' and for the support for this special issue, and to Ó Bhéal for hosting the event 'Poems from Port Cities' at the Winter Warmer Festival 2022
(Un)safe spaces: experiences of sexual violence at associations for people with dwarfism
No full textAssociations for people with dwarfism exist across the world and provide their members with invaluable support. Their annual conventions provide the opportunity for their members to meet other people with dwarfism, while engaging in leisure and social activities free from social abuse. This also includes typical dating opportunities which, outside of these spaces, are impacted by stereotypes of disability and sexuality. While conventions supposedly offer people with dwarfism a safe space, when considering intersecting identities, in this case gender and dwarfism, this article demonstrates how they become unsafe spaces for women with dwarfism. Drawing on survey data, this article focuses on incidents of sexual violence experienced by women with dwarfism when attending conventions. The aim of this article is not to shame associations but to expose unethical behaviours and offer recommendations as to how they can reduce the risk of sexual violence occurring, and therefore make their conventions safer for women with dwarfism to attend
Black Power, French Existentialism, and the Expansion of Cultural Democracy in the United States after 1945
Full text linkBlack Power and existentialism were mutually reinforcing movements in the late 1960s. Stokely Carmichael used French existentialism to shape some Black Power principles, which demonstrated existentialism's continued relevance to racial equality. Existentialism reinforced values, such as moral purpose and self-definition, which supported positive appraisals of Black Power revolt on campuses. Carmichael's adoption of French existentialism illuminates transnational influences on Black Power dating to the 1940s, as well as how important French existentialist texts amplified Black perspectives. The meeting of French existentialism and Black Power assisted increased representation of Black perspectives on campuses, and popular awareness that representation was as important as desegregation to equality
Cost of Living Crisis (Special Issue)
Full text linkTogether, the articles in this special issue highlight the need for holistic strategies that address immediate economic hardships while tackling the underlying systemic issues that perpetuate inequality. Drawing on diverse methodologies, locations and perspectives, the research articles provide invaluable insights into the experiences of those affected and propose pathways for inclusive, sustainable and equitable solutions. In compiling this issue, the collection highlights the value of collaborative knowledge exchange and underscores the benefits of interdisciplinary academic analysis in tackling one of today's most urgent challenges. We extend our gratitude and appreciation to all the authors who shared their valuable knowledge and contributed to this special issue, as well as, to the Journal of Social Policy and Administration for allowing us to examine this crucial theme
Birthing Beyond Borders: The Role of Comics in Dadaab Refugee Camps
No full textDadaab is host to one of the worlds’ largest and longest-standing refugee camp complexes in the world. 1 Located in Northeast Kenya in Garissa County, the camps were
constructed in 1991 as a ‘temporary’ shelter for the thousands of Somali refugees fleeing civil war which bear the indelible mark of the region’s former colonial powers who imposed boundaries which became the fault lines for conflict. While humanitarian funding into Dadaab has eroded, alongside threats of imminent demolition, the camp and its residents – who cannot be repatriated due to ongoing conflict – remain there indefinitely. In this space women face enduring challenges in maternal health care due to protracted conflict, intersecting issues such as climate change, and culturally unsafe care in clinics. Through our collaborative project Birthing Across Borders it was found that high levels of maternal and neonatal death rates result not simply due to a lack of medical care, but in large part due to the lack of culturally relevant care
(Bagelman, Gitome, 2021). Midwifery has recently been added to UNESCO’s 2023 ‘Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity’, which is a recognition of the
societal importance of the diverse range of culturally specific practices and knowledge it encompasses, and the need to safeguard this (UNESCO). In practice, however, Traditional Birthing Attendants (TBAs) are not only lacking in appropriate safeguarding, they are actively outlawed in Dadaab in favour of clinical care. This chapter examines the innovative use of comics to address some of the repercussions of this landscape
A Low-Cost Climbing Unmanned Ground Vehicle for Hazardous Environment Exploration of Emergency Operators
No full textThis paper presents the conceptualization, design, hardware and software development and integration of a wireless controlled unmanned ground vehicle for the exploration of hazardous environments. The proposed system integrates 4 actuators (2 motors per track) combined with a customized design of the chassis and tracks. An ESP32 with OV2640 camera and a DHT 11 temperature and humidity sensor provide real-time video stream and values of the environmental conditions through an ESP32. The ESP32 itself is designed as a web server providing full controllability by means of a website with control inputs being from a keyboard, compatible Bluetooth controller or slider objects on the webpage which makes the overall platform user friendly and adaptable for the use of emergency operators in a real context/scenario of an emergency. Preliminary testing of the system shows capability of the vehicle to overcome rough terrains with slopes higher than 60° and drive at or in excess of human walking speed
EXPRESS: Development of Orthographic, Phonological and Semantic Parafoveal Processing in Chinese Reading
Full text linkParafoveal preprocessing of upcoming words is a key aspect of fluent reading. A comparative analysis of how children’s orthographic, phonological and semantic parafoveal processing changes with age has not been investigated to date. In the present study, three eye movement experiments used the boundary paradigm to characterize the nature of change in orthographic, phonological and semantic parafoveal processing across children in Grades 2-5 (n = 366, Tianjin Primary School) and adults (n = 90, Tianjin Normal University) during natural Chinese reading. In each experiment we manipulated preview type (identical, related or unrelated preview). The results showed that effective orthographic parafoveal processing occurred in all our participant groups, however, effective phonological and semantic parafoveal processing was somewhat delayed occurring in the 3rd or 4th grade through to adults. We suggest that the differential developmental time course of orthographic relative to phonological and semantic parafoveal processing likely arises because the phonological and semantic characteristics of a written character are accessed via the character’s orthographic code. Orthographic parafoveal processing, therefore, likely takes developmental precedence over phonological and semantic parafoveal processing. Together the results provide a quite comprehensive picture of how a fundamental aspect of reading, parafoveal processing, develops with age
Individuating experience moderates the effect of implicit racial bias on eye movements to other race faces: a cross-cultural study
Full text linkThe present cross-cultural study investigated gaze behaviour in the context of assessing the aesthetic value of figurative paintings depicting White and East Asian individuals in social scenes. Across three experiments, we examined how implicit racial attitudes and self-reported individuating experiences influenced gaze patterns when participants evaluated their liking of these paintings. Despite no requirement to inspect faces in the paintings, the results revealed that participants with negative implicit attitudes toward other-race individuals and limited individuating experience with those groups, spent more time fixating on other-race faces. This relationship between implicit attitudes and individuating experience in guiding gaze behaviour was consistent across both British and Chinese participants, despite differing definitions of same- and other-race faces between the groups. Our findings suggest that gaze behaviour during the aesthetic evaluation of figurative paintings is shaped by an interaction between attitudinal and experiential factors, which operates across cultural contexts
The Cardiovascular Disease Risk Indicators Linked With Low Energy Availability in Physically Active Females: A Systematic Review
Full text linkObjective: To systematically review the literature on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk indicators linked with low energy availability (LEA) in physically active females. Design: The Cochrane Collaboration Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol was used to capture articles related to CVD risk indicators linked with LEA in physically active females. Methods: A search of PubMed, SportDiscus (EBSCOhost), One Search, and Google Scholar was performed. Results: Nine studies were included. Eight studies were rated fair, and one study was of good quality. Most studies found no significant effect of LEA on lipid levels, except for one study which identified abnormal lipid levels. Physically active females with LEA had significantly lower levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (p = .030) and exhibited distinct triglyceride trajectories, including acute exercise-induced fluctuations in those with amenorrhea, a steady increase in those with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, and varying patterns based on energy availability (False Discovery Rate-adjusted p value < .050). With regards to the impact of LEA on direct vascular indices, one study found no significant difference in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, pulse wave velocity, carotid intima–media thickness, or carotid artery reactivity between elite long-distance runners and inactive women. Whereas, another study reported significantly reduced flow-mediated dilation (p = .016) in elite dancers with LEA. Higher energy availability had no link to heart rate variability, and LEA was significantly associated with 2.5-fold increased CVD risk (p = .001). Conclusion: LEA may elevate CVD risks in physically active females. However, larger scale longitudinal studies with robust study designs (e.g., blood biomarkers and vascular assessments) are necessary to validate these implications