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Coordinating Large Distributed Relational Process Structures
Full text linkRepresenting a business process as a collaboration of interacting processes has become feasible with the emergence of data-centric business process management paradigms. Usually, these interacting processes have relations and, thereby, form a complex relational process structure. The interactions of processes within this relational process structure need to be coordinated to arrive at a meaningful overall business goal. However, relational process structures may become arbitrarily large. With the use of cloud technology, they may additionally be distributed over multiple nodes, allowing for scalability. Coordination processes have been proposed to coordinate relational process structures, where processes may have one-to-many and many-to-many relations at run-time. This paper shows how multiple coordination processes can be used in a decentralized fashion to more efficiently coordinate large, distributed process structures. The main challenge of using multiple coordination processes is to effectively realize the coordination responsibility of each coordination process. Key components of the solution are the subsidiary principle and the hierarchy of the relational process structure. Finally, an implementation of the coordination process concept based on microservices was developed, which allows for fast and concurrent enactment of multiple, decentralized coordination processes in large, distributed process structures
Eine empirische Evaluation über den Effekt der Kolorierung während dem Lesen und Verstehen von Prozessmodellen
Full text linkKonzeption und Implementierung eines anwendungsspezifischen UI - Kommunikationstools basierend auf TCP/IP
No full textDer Einsatz moderner IT-Technologien unterstützt die Verbesserung der Prozesse in Organisationen und trägt dazu bei, diese effizient zu steuern. So wurden Systeme zur Steuerung und Überwachung des Material- und Informationsflusses erstmals Mitte der 1970er-Jahre eingesetzt. Dies schafft die Grundlage für die Reduzierung der Transport- und Bearbeitungskosten. Heute werden Materialflusssysteme unter anderem auch für die Vergabe von Fahrbefehlen an die untergeordneten Steuerungen via Telegramme (z. B. TCP/IP) eingesetzt. Hierbei kommen sogenannte speicherprogrammierbare Steuerungen zum Einsatz. Diese ermöglichen die Steuerung und Regelung von Maschinen und Anlagen in der Industrie. Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit wird ein anwendungsspezifisches UI-Kommunikationstool basierend auf TCP/IP konzipiert und realisiert. Die Implementierung erfolgt hierbei mit C#. Das Tool ermöglicht unter anderem das Versenden und Empfangen von standardisierten als auch manuell erzeugten Telegrammen an die Steuerung (SPS). Technisch besitzen dabei beide Kommunikationskanäle (Sendekanal und Empfangskanal) einen eigenen Port. Eigenschaften wie zum Beispiel die Länge, der Aufbau oder eine Telegrammbestätigung werden dabei für jeden Kanal separat definiert. Des Weiteren soll das entwickelte Tool die versendeten und empfangenen Telegramme in einem Log aufzeichnen. Dieses soll die Nachvollziehbarkeit von Fehlerfolgen im Telegrammverkehr unterstützen. Die Gesamtfunktionalitäten dieses Tools werden in einer Anforderungsanalyse genauer beschrieben. Des Weiteren werden spezielle Implementierungsthemen hervorgehoben
Robotic Process Automation in the Automotive Industry - Lessons Learned from an Exploratory Case Study
Full text linkRobotic Process Automation (RPA) is the rule-based automation of business processes by software bots mimicking human interactions. The aims of this paper are to provide insights into three RPA use cases from the automotive domain as well as to derive the main challenges to be tackled when introducing RPA in this domain. By means of an exploratory case study, the three use cases are selected from
real RPA projects. A systematic method for analyzing the cases is applied. The results are structured along the stages of the lifecycle model of software development. We provide information on every lifecycle stage and discuss the respective lessons learned. In detail, we derive five challenges that should be tackled for any successful RPA implementation in the automotive domain: (1) identifying the right process to automate,(2) understanding the factors influencing user acceptance, (3) explaining RPA to the users, (4) designing human bot interaction, and (5) providing software development guidelines for RPA implementation
Mobile Apps for Older Adults: Systematic Search and Evaluation Within Online Stores
No full textBackground: Through the increasingly aging population, the health care system is confronted with various challenges such as expanding health care costs. To manage these challenges, mobile apps may represent a cost-effective and low-threshold approach to support older adults. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the quality, characteristics, as well as privacy and security measures of mobile apps for older adults in the European commercial app stores. Methods: In the European Google Play and App Store, a web crawler systematically searched for mobile apps for older adults. The identified mobile apps were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the German version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. A correlation between the user star rating and overall rating was calculated. An exploratory regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the obligation to pay fees predicted overall quality. Results: In total, 83 of 1217 identified mobile apps were included in the analysis. Generally, the mobile apps for older adults were of moderate quality (mean 3.22 SD 0.68). Four mobile apps (5%) were evidence-based; 49% (41/83) had no security measures. The user star rating correlated significantly positively with the overall rating (r=.30, P=.01). Obligation to pay fees could not predict overall quality. Conclusions: There is an extensive quality range within mobile apps for older adults, indicating deficits in terms of information quality, data protection, and security precautions, as well as a lack of evidence-based approaches. Central databases are needed to identify high-quality mobile apps
Conception and implementation of a mobile client for TrackYourHealth based on the cross platform framework Flutter
No full textIn the last years, health care became a leading topic with the challenge of scalability and accessibility in an aging demographic in the developed world. A proposed solution to this issue is the usage of Electronic Health and Mobile Health to aid professionals in the research and treatment of health-related issues. The effectiveness of these approaches is widely accepted and recognized. However, the implementation and development of such apps are currently complex and redundant. This thesis is trying to solve this issue by using a cross-platform development approach against an existing modular backend targeted at creating questionnaires to aid research in health-related issues, called QuestionSys. To achieve this different approaches are evaluated and a prototype is developed in Flutter, a cross-platform software development kit. The goal is a working prototype against the existing backend. To achieve a better understanding of the current situation in this area of research a short introduction is included. A presentation and critical evaluation of the implementation are also included in this thesis. In the end, an overview of the results is given and possible future works based on this are presented
The Empirical Analysis of the Comprehensibility of Process Models created by Process Mining
Full text linkCompanies use process models to specify their operational processes. With the help of process models, the business processes in a company are analysed by process
mining techniques to optimise them. The subdiscipline of process discovery identifies the actual state of business processes and enables them to be examined.
Various tools and algorithms can be used, which lead to different process visualisations. The type of process visualisation has a major influence on the comprehensibility
of process models. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the comprehensibility of process models
generated by process mining. For this purpose, an exploratory eye-tracking study is conducted with fifteen participants. The study examines process models from two
scenarios - a vaccination process and an insurance process. The corresponding process models are created manually, and event logs are generated from them using
self-created applications. These event logs are loaded into the process mining tools Celonis Snap, Disco, ProM, Apromore and PM4Py and process models are
generated from them. A selection of the resulting process models is then tested
for comprehensibility in the user study. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows
no significant differences between the different generated process models. Finally,
with the Pearson correlation’s help, the participants’ subjective ranking is highly significantly
related to the level of acceptability and cognitive load. The correlation
between the time spent looking at the process models and the number of correctly
answered comprehension questions is interesting. From this correlation, it can be
concluded that understanding process models requires a certain amount of time.
An astonishing result of the study is that the quality between manually created models
and models generated by process mining is similarly high. Despite interesting
results, further studies are needed, as the study is confronted with some limitations
(particularly the number of participants). The results can be used as a basis for
future studies to further explore this field of research
Konzeption und Realisierung eines Online-Tools zur Realisierung des BITV-Barrieretests
No full textNach $12 BGG haben öffentliche Webseiten ab dem 23. Juni 2021 behindertengerecht gestaltet zu sein. weTA-BIT ist ein web-orientiertes Werkzeug um die Erfüllung der WCAG zu prüfen. Es vereint Vorteile von gleichartigen Werkzeugen wie WAVE und BIK und versucht deren Nachteile auszugleichen. Dem Nutzer werden mit weTA-BIT sowohl clientseitige, als auch serverseitige Automatismen und Unterstützungen zur Seite gestellt. Übersichtlich, Intuitiv und Kompakt, das sind die drei Aspekte, nach denen weTA-BIT entworfen wurde. Was unter diese Punkte fällt, wie es umgesetzt wurde und welche Herausforderungen weTA-BIT bei seiner Erstellung zu bieten hatte, werden in dieser Arbeit behandelt
Comparative cross-sectional study of intuitive understanding of two graphical process models using eye tracking and skin resistance measurement
No full textHealthcare branch is one of the formerly analog branches which are moving in the direction of digitalization. To realize the process of digitalization, knowledge of medical experts and IT specialists needs to be merged. A common clear and unambiguous language is a fundamental component for communication between those as a lingua franca. Considering other branches like industry and looking for solutions of of those sections, a graphical language which is called BPMN 2.0 is used. Bringing those two participants together with a common language can facilitate the development of making working processes understandable. For the sake of comprehending process models intuitively, quickly and at a low level of cognitive load, scientific research is neccessary. The aim of this study was to assess the intuitive comprehension of two process models designed with BPMN 2.0 for healthcare-typical processes with regard of cognitive load, stress level of participants and self-assesment to evaluate the usability of BPMN 2.0 designed processes as common language of healthcare professionals and IT specialists in a crosssectional study by means of using an eyetracker and registration of electrodermal activity
Konzeption und Realisierung einer technischen Datenbanklösung zur Verwaltung von Antibiotika-Dosierungen
No full textIm Allgemeinen sind Antibiotika natürlich vorkommende Abwehr- und Signalstoffe, die das Zusammenleben von Mikroorganismen ermöglichen. Um sich gegen andere Mikroorganismen wehren zu können, produzieren Bakterien und Pilze verschiedene Antibiotika. Die wohl bekanntere Art von Antibiotika, sind die synthetisch hergestellten Chemotherapeutika. Diese verhindern, dass sich Bakterien im Körper weiter vermehren oder töten diese direkt ab. Das Antibiotika wird daher oft als Medikament verschrieben, um das Abwehrsystem des Körpers bei Entzündungen oder Organschäden durch Bakterien zu unterstützen. Die Funktion als Arzneimittel geht zurück auf den Bakteriologen Alexander Fleming, der 1928 das Penicillin durch Zufall entdeckte. Heute ist dieses eines der ältesten verwendeten Antibiotika. Schon in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts hatte man das Problem, dass das Mittel zu schnell verschrieben und in der Tierhaltung eingesetzt wurde. Dabei entwickelten sich dann entsprechend immer mehr resistente Erreger gegen Antibiotika. Das bedeutet, dass Bakterien in der Lage sind, sich an die Antibiotika-Wirkung anzupassen. Um diese Erreger nicht weiter zu fördern und die Wirksamkeit des Medikaments nicht einzuschränken, muss die Therapiedauer genaustens abgestimmt werden. Die Therapie sollte vor allem auch nicht zu lange dauern, da jede Dosis eines Antibiotikums die Bakterien resistenter macht. Deshalb soll eine benutzerfreundliche Datenbank für Antibiotika-Dosierungen entwickelt werden. Diese kann den zuständigen Ärzten bei der Auswahl und Dosierung eines Antibiotikums helfen, da man einen Überblick aller Varianten hat