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Komunikacja w mediach według Jana Pawła II. Studium przypadku
No full textJohn Paul II saw the mass media as a real cultural revolution – the first modern Areopagus, where a constant exchange of information, ideas and values takes place. From the perspective of time it is worthwhile to ask whether the Pope realized the postulate of using the modern communication technology as an integral part of the Church’s activity.The author focuses on two characteristic events – the Pope’s prayer at the Western Wall in Jerusalem and his appeal for peace on the eve of the Second Gulf War. The paper shows that John Paul II’s communication potential issued from his personality characterized by the history of his own personal experiences.Jan Paweł II widział w mass mediach prawdziwą rewolucją kulturową – pierwszy współczesny areopag – na którym nieustannie dokonuje się wymiana informacji, idei i wartości. Z perspektywy czasu warto zadać pytanie, czy papież realizował postulat posługiwania się techniką współczesnej komunikacji jako integralną częścią działalności Kościoła?Autor skupia się na dwóch znamiennych wydarzeniach – modlitwie przy Ścianie Płaczu w Jerozolimie i wołaniu o pokój w przededniu wybuchu II wojny w Zatoce Perskiej. Artykuł pokazuje, że potencjał komunikacyjny Jana Pawła II wypływał z jego osobowości nacechowanej historią własnych, osobistych przeżyć
Rozważać, zakorzeniać, głosić – misja osób konsekrowanych w świecie w nauczaniu św. Jana Pawła II i papieża Franciszka
No full textReligious vocation is a gift to the whole Church. It is a matter of particular concern for popes. Both St. John Paul II and Pope Francis have a special respect towards religious people. This study is an attempt to show religious life with respect to vocation, radicalism and mission taking the teaching of John Paul II and Francis into account. The right direction of consecrated persons’ lives is determined by their thoughts. It is necessary here on the Earth to point out the eternal perspective.Powołanie zakonne jest darem dla całego Kościoła. Jest ono przedmiotem szczególnej troski poszczególnych papieży. Zarówno św. Jan Paweł II, jak i papież Franciszek otaczają osoby zakonne szczególnym szacunkiem. Niniejsze opracowanie stanowi próbę ukazania życia zakonnego w perspektywie powołania, radykalizmu i posłania w ujęciu Jana Pawła II i Franciszka. Ich myśli wyznaczają właściwy kierunek życia osób konsekrowanych. Tym kierunkiem jest wskazywanie już tu – na ziemi na perspektywę wieczności
Obecność i działanie Ducha Świętego w Eucharystii a postawy duchowe kapłana i wiernych
No full textThe post-synodic liturgical renewal increasingly emphasizes the presence and work of the Holy Spirit in the Eucharist and thus supplements the centuries-old deficiencies in the theology of the Eucharist and its celebration. This article first shows the lack of explicit references to the Holy Spirit in the pre-synodic liturgy and in the encyclical Mediator Dei Pius XII (1947). Appreciating liturgical renewal and the Constitution, Sacrosanctum Concilium points to the pneumatological boundaries of the Constitution. In the main part, the author discerns the nature of the Holy Spirit’s work in individual parts of the Eucharist, at the same time undertaking the moral and spiritual discernment of the attitudes of the priest and the faithful, which is required by participation in the Eucharist lived in the Holy Spirit.Posoborowa odnowa liturgiczna coraz bardziej podkreśla obecność i działanie Ducha Świętego w Eucharystii i przez to uzupełnia wielowiekowe braki w teologii Eucharystii i w jej celebracji. Artykuł ukazuje najpierw brak wyraźnych odniesień do Ducha Świętego w przedsoborowej liturgii i w encyklice Mediator Dei Piusa XII (1947). Doceniając odnowę liturgiczną, rozpatruje Konstytucję Sacrosanctum Concilium i wskazuje na pneumatologiczne granice owej konstytucji. W zasadniczej części autor dokonuje rozeznania natury działania Ducha Świętego w poszczególnych częściach Eucharystii, podejmując zarazem moralne i duchowe rozeznanie postaw kapłana i wiernych, jakiego domaga się udział w Eucharystii przeżywany w Duchu Świętym
Jakub Zabarella, autor dedykacji dla króla Stefana Batorego
No full textIn 1577, Stefan Báthory King of Poland decided to create a college in Krakow modelled on the royal college in Paris. To this end, he invited eminent foreign scholars to lecture there. One of them was Paduan philosopher and logician Giacomo Zabarella (1533−1589). He rejected the king’s generous offer, but dedicated to him his own work Opera logica (1578). This fact has been variously described in European historiography due to an erroneous indication given by one biographer. the present article is an introduction to the edition of the dedication and presents its historical and historiographical context. It opens with a presentation of Giacomo Zabarella’s life and work and his exceptional position in the academic world of the era. Next, the historical context of Báthory’s invitation and its historiography are discussed. the third section contains socio-economic aspects of the invitation and Zabarella’s refusal as well as a cultural and literary context of his dedication. A comparison with similar literary works of the epoch allows to understand its panegyrical character and is supplemented with a presentation of Zabarella’s Italian epigram in praise of King Stephen along with its English translation.W 1577 roku król Polski Stefan Batory postanowił założyć w Krakowie kolegium na wzór kolegium królewskiego w Paryżu. W tym celu zaprosił z wykładami najwybitniejszych zagranicznych uczonych. Wśród nich był padewski filozof i logik Jakub Zabarella (1533−1589). Odmawiając hojnej propozycji króla, zadedykował mu swe Opera logica (1578). W historiografii europejskiej Obecny artykuł jest wprowadzeniem do wydania tej dedykacji, ukazującym jej historyczny oraz historiograficzny kontekst. Tekst rozpoczyna się od przedstawienia sylwetki Jakuba Zabarelli oraz jego wyjątkowej pozycji w świecie ówczesnej nauki. Następnie omawiany jest historyczny kontekst zaproszenia przez króla Batorego oraz historiografia tego faktu. Część trzecia prezentuje kontekst społeczno-ekonomiczny zaproszenia i odmowy Zabarelli oraz kontekst kulturowo-literacki dedykacji. Porównanie z analogiczną literaturą epoki pozwala zrozumieć jej panegiryczny charakter, a porównania tego dopełnia prezentacja włoskiego epigramatu Zabarelli ku czci króla Stefana i jej angielski przekład
Accusation of Sin or Tolerance? From Christian Thought on Tolerance
No full textThe Catholic Church is very diverse. This is its beauty and value. However, this can also be a cause of trouble. Where there are differences, conflicts may also arise. Some are open and want dialogue and conversation with everyone, about everything and in every possible way. They are always on the border. They try to understand the world and reach out to it and read the teaching of the Church in a modern way. They advocate reform and radical change. Others are conservative – they care more about preserving the most valuable things in the Church along the way. They care about tradition. They trust the wisdom of time. They do not want to make sudden changes. They look at the past with respect and draw wisdom and inspiration from it, in order to act today. There are different sensitivities, different spiritualities, and even different needs. Can conflicts be avoided? It is certainly not easy and also requires mutual tolerance.The Catholic Church is very diverse. This is its beauty and value. However, this can also be a cause of trouble. Where there are differences, conflicts may also arise. Some are open and want dialogue and conversation with everyone, about everything and in every possible way. They are always on the border. They try to understand the world and reach out to it and read the teaching of the Church in a modern way. They advocate reform and radical change. Others are conservative – they care more about preserving the most valuable things in the Church along the way. They care about tradition. They trust the wisdom of time. They do not want to make sudden changes. They look at the past with respect and draw wisdom and inspiration from it, in order to act today. There are different sensitivities, different spiritualities, and even different needs. Can conflicts be avoided? It is certainly not easy and also requires mutual tolerance
Pastoral Communities Based on a Model of Self-Help Groups as a Response of the Church to the Contemporary Social Changes
No full textDynamic changes in modern society generate new situations in the lives of believers, which require pastoral care. The Church should respond to the spiritual needs of all those in need, but with the decreasing number of ordained priests in Europe, organizational capacity in this part of the world is becoming increasingly limited. This article is an attempt to respond to the above problems and, using the example of the Catholic Church in Poland, shows the possibility of instilling a model of self-help groups for specialist pastoral care involving people experiencing life crises and wanting more intense religious development.Dynamic changes in modern society generate new situations in the lives of believers, which require pastoral care. The Church should respond to the spiritual needs of all those in need, but with the decreasing number of ordained priests in Europe, organizational capacity in this part of the world is becoming increasingly limited. This article is an attempt to respond to the above problems and, using the example of the Catholic Church in Poland, shows the possibility of instilling a model of self-help groups for specialist pastoral care involving people experiencing life crises and wanting more intense religious development
Review: Fr. Waldemar Cisło, “Imigranci u bram. Kryzys uchodźczy i męczeństwo chrześcijan XXI w.” (Immigrants at the gates. The refugee crisis and martyrdom of 21st century Christians). Interviewed by Paweł Stachnik, Biały Kruk: Kraków 2017, pp. 230
No full textHomo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto – the imperative of the principle of humanitas in views on slavery derived from natural law. M.T. Cicero’s views on the subject of slavery and slaves
No full textThe phenomenon of slavery existed throughout the entire period of the ancient world and met with interest from both Greek and Roman philosophers. Despite the emerging views of various philosophers criticizing slavery as a social phenomenon, no theory of slavery was formulated then. The philosopher who-, in both his works and correspondence, included numerous references to the situation of slaves and the institution of slavery was M.T. Cicero. Searching for humanism in Cicero’s views on the above-mentioned issue, attention was drawn to the principles of the Stoic doctrine, within which the concept of human freedom was formulated, and to the essence of natural law. These concepts made it possible to analyse the discussed problem in the context of the words of Terence Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto. And as regards humanism in Cicero’s views, it is evident when he recognizes a human being in a slave; when he says that the principles of justice must be observed towards people from the lowest rank, which is the rank of slaves; when he firmly states that slavery is among the worst things that can happen to the human being. On the other hand, we see Cicero’s completely different views on slaves when he talks about punishing slaves, „keeping a tight rein on them,” or „destiny by nature for the best to rule others, and with great benefit for weaker beings”; also when he emphasizes his negative attitude towards the liberation of slaves. To conclude it should be emphasised that this characteristic feature of Cicero, namely his lack of uniformity of views on various philosophical doctrines, which we can also find in his views on slavery and the rank of slaves, does not prevent us from seeing a humanist in Cicero who, with his sense of justice, advocating the stoic doctrine and the principles of natural law, moved very slowly towards the stoic moral philosophy and all the ethical principles that Christianity would bring.The phenomenon of slavery existed throughout the entire period of the ancient world and met with interest from both Greek and Roman philosophers. Despite the emerging views of various philosophers criticizing slavery as a social phenomenon, no theory of slavery was formulated then. The philosopher who-, in both his works and correspondence, included numerous references to the situation of slaves and the institution of slavery was M.T. Cicero. Searching for humanism in Cicero’s views on the above-mentioned issue, attention was drawn to the principles of the Stoic doctrine, within which the concept of human freedom was formulated, and to the essence of natural law. These concepts made it possible to analyse the discussed problem in the context of the words of Terence Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto. And as regards humanism in Cicero’s views, it is evident when he recognizes a human being in a slave; when he says that the principles of justice must be observed towards people from the lowest rank, which is the rank of slaves; when he firmly states that slavery is among the worst things that can happen to the human being. On the other hand, we see Cicero’s completely different views on slaves when he talks about punishing slaves, „keeping a tight rein on them,” or „destiny by nature for the best to rule others, and with great benefit for weaker beings”; also when he emphasizes his negative attitude towards the liberation of slaves. To conclude it should be emphasised that this characteristic feature of Cicero, namely his lack of uniformity of views on various philosophical doctrines, which we can also find in his views on slavery and the rank of slaves, does not prevent us from seeing a humanist in Cicero who, with his sense of justice, advocating the stoic doctrine and the principles of natural law, moved very slowly towards the stoic moral philosophy and all the ethical principles that Christianity would bring
Inicjacja chrześcijańska w świetle kazań Cezarego z Arles
No full textThe Christian initiation in the Ancient times, understood as an introduction of new members to the Church, consisted of some specified elements. The initiation itself pertained only to adults. The sacraments, especially the preparation to them and the possibility to receive them, were the most important in this process. There were three sacraments of the Christian initiation, i.e. Baptism, Confirmation and Eucharist. They were received in this order, and candidates were prepared to them respectively. The whole process was completed by the reception of Eucharist, and the right to participate in it. The initiation, once practiced in this way, was an efficient method of the Christian formation.The Caesarius of Arles’ activity occurred at the beginning of the 6th century. His Sermons analysis proves that the preparation process to the reception of the initiation sacraments looked similar as in the previous period. Nevertheless, it was significantly simplified, and that negatively impacted the Christians formation. Its institutional frameworks were undermined. The practice of an infant baptism started prevailing, and the responsibility for the formation was mostly taken by parents. In the article, there were emphasized those Christian formation elements which Caesarius of Arles referred to.Na inicjację chrześcijańską, rozumianą jako wprowadzanie nowych członków do Kościoła, składały się w starożytności chrześcijańskiej określone elementy. Dotyczyła ona ludzi dorosłych. Najistotniejsze w tym procesie były sakramenty, a ściśle biorąc przygotowanie do nich i możliwość ich przyjęcia. Zwykło się mówić o trzech sakramentach inicjacji chrześcijańskiej: chrzcie, bierzmowaniu i Eucharystii. W takiej kolejności te sakramenty zazwyczaj przyjmowano i do takich przygotowywano kandydatów. Przyjęcie Eucharystii i możliwość uczestniczenia w niej kończyły cały proces. Tak praktykowana inicjacja była skuteczną metodą formacji chrześcijan.Działalność Cezarego z Arles przypada na początek szóstego wieku. Analiza jego kazań dowodzi, że proces przygotowywania ludzi do przyjęcia sakramentów inicjacji wyglądał podobnie jak w okresie poprzednim. Był on jednak już mocno uproszczony, co odbijało się negatywnie na formacji chrześcijan. Osłabione zostały jej formy instytucjonalne. Dominować zaczęła, jak się wydaje, praktyka chrztu dzieci i odpowiedzialność za formację w większym stopniu spoczęła na rodzicach. W artykule wyszczególnione zostały te elementy inicjacji chrześcijańskiej, do których nawiązywał biskup Cezary z Arles
Henryk Rzewuski – on the way to Polish national philosophy
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to present original philosophical concept by Henryk Rzewuski. This nineteenth century Polish thinker was (and still is) extremely controversial person, accused of national “apostasy” for the Tsarist Russia and the spread of beliefs about the irrevocable end of the Polish state. In this text reveals the complexity and ambivalence Rzewuskiego attitude towards the Polish cause. This philosopher believed that indeed the Polish state will not be standing free himself from the Russian political sovereignty. At the same time, however, was an ardent supporter of building the Polish national philosophy, which would illustrate Polishness and develop in the sphere of the ideal and spiritual. Polish history has to be – within its concept – the material from which the philosopher sees that these thoughts and ideas around which crytallized Polish spirit, and that reflect the basic idea of moral. The spirit of the nation and its moral idea meet, according to this philosopher, the functions analogous to that of the soul to the body – is a condition of life and the unity of its geopolitical “body.”The purpose of this article is to present original philosophical concept by Henryk Rzewuski. This nineteenth century Polish thinker was (and still is) extremely controversial person, accused of national “apostasy” for the Tsarist Russia and the spread of beliefs about the irrevocable end of the Polish state. In this text reveals the complexity and ambivalence Rzewuskiego attitude towards the Polish cause. This philosopher believed that indeed the Polish state will not be standing free himself from the Russian political sovereignty. At the same time, however, was an ardent supporter of building the Polish national philosophy, which would illustrate Polishness and develop in the sphere of the ideal and spiritual. Polish history has to be – within its concept – the material from which the philosopher sees that these thoughts and ideas around which crytallized Polish spirit, and that reflect the basic idea of moral. The spirit of the nation and its moral idea meet, according to this philosopher, the functions analogous to that of the soul to the body – is a condition of life and the unity of its geopolitical “body.