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Przyczyny i konsekwencje rozbieżności rozumienia przymiotu nierozerwalności małżeńskiej w prawosławiu i katolicyzmie
No full textThe proposed topic is extremely timely in an era of debate over the possibility of allowing divorced persons who have remarried to receive Holy Communion. In this regard it is worth examining the causes and consequences, which are still present in the canon of the Catholic Church, with a different understanding of the attribute of marital indissolubility. While in fact the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church agree on the teaching of the sacraments, including the teaching of the sacrament of marriage and its attribute of indissolubility, in practice the understanding of indissolubility results in a different use of canon in both Churches. The reason is primarily a different interpretation of the so-called Matthew clause. Hence, in the East, St. Basil the Great in some way allowed the practice of penance for divorced people who remarried. While his teaching on marital indissolubility is clear, the same cannot be said for the explanation of the discipline he recognizes. Interpretation of the individual principles described by St. Basil, causes many difficulties. In the West, the most significant Church Father in this matter is St. Augustine, he synthesized the teaching on marriage while explaining the doctrine and practice to be followed. He did not omit the attribute of indissolubility and defined the relationship between a man and a woman before the end of the previous marriage as adultery. As a consequence of the differences in understanding of the attribute of marital indissolubility, there are clear restrictions in today’s canonical discipline in the Catholic Church, which must be observed in the case of some pastoral service towards an Orthodox person, whether in the case of a mixed marriage or for any other reason
The bishop’s responsibility for his presbyterate in the context of sexual offences committed by priests
No full textThe aim of this paper is to answer the question: How should the bishop act towards his presbyterate so that its members would not commit sexual offences, particularly the most serious ones? The following issues are presented: the relationship between a bishop and his presbyterate, the bishop’s responsibility for the admission of proper candidates to ordination, the assignment of offices and functions in the diocese, the bishop’s obligation to watch over the discipline of the clergy, the bishop’s responsibility for granting the faculty of hearing the confessions.The aim of this paper is to answer the question: How should the bishop act towards his presbyterate so that its members would not commit sexual offences, particularly the most serious ones? The following issues are presented: the relationship between a bishop and his presbyterate, the bishop’s responsibility for the admission of proper candidates to ordination, the assignment of offices and functions in the diocese, the bishop’s obligation to watch over the discipline of the clergy, the bishop’s responsibility for granting the faculty of hearing the confessions
Wokół postaci ojca Szymona Mniszka (ok. 1543–1591) – współzałożyciela zgromadzenia polskich augustianek
No full textThe subject of this article is the figure of Szymon Mniszek, a Polish Augustinian active in the second half of the 16th century. After graduating from school in Łowicz, Mniszek entered the Augustinian monastery in Kazimierz near Kraków. He studied in Kraków and Padua, where he obtained a doctorate in theology. He later lectured on philosophy and theology in Padua for several years. He also published his most important works in Italy. As he came back to Poland, he was a preacher in Olkusz and Krakow, a lecturer of theology at the monastery study, provincial of the Polish province of the Order of Saint Augustine, and a royal preacher. In Krakow, he was also known for his social activity. His original work was the organization of a female confraternity at the Augustinian monastery, which in 1583 he transformed into a congregation of the third order of St. Augustine.The subject of this article is the figure of Szymon Mniszek, a Polish Augustinian active in the second half of the 16th century. After graduating from school in Łowicz, Mniszek entered the Augustinian monastery in Kazimierz near Kraków. He studied in Kraków and Padua, where he obtained a doctorate in theology. He later lectured on philosophy and theology in Padua for several years. He also published his most important works in Italy. As he came back to Poland, he was a preacher in Olkusz and Krakow, a lecturer of theology at the monastery study, provincial of the Polish province of the Order of Saint Augustine, and a royal preacher. In Krakow, he was also known for his social activity. His original work was the organization of a female confraternity at the Augustinian monastery, which in 1583 he transformed into a congregation of the third order of St. Augustin
Wyjaśnienie dogmatu chalcedońskiego w VI wieku. Interpretacja osoby i natury przez teologów „neochalcedonizmu” według Aloisa Grillmeiera
No full textAt the Council of Chalcedon (451), the Fathers introduced a clear and previously unknown distinction between the Christological concepts of person and nature. This contributed to various problems, the most important of which was the lack of a new definition of person. For this reason, the council became the subject of sharp criticism primarily from “moderate” Monophysites. In this article, with the help of Alois Grillmeier’s analysis in his work Jesus der Christus, the author presents the efforts of the two most influential theologians who defended and deepened the teaching of the Council within the framework of the so called “Neochalcedonism” in the sixth century, Leontius of Byzantium and Leontius of Jerusalem. Theses theologians developed the concept of person as the source of the nature’s existence, thus giving it an existential and primary meaning in relation to phýsis. The author explains how, based on this, they were able to fill in all the questionable deficiencies in the Chalcedonian definition
A consequence of the notional existence of an effectively calculable yet non-recursive function
No full textThe present paper is devoted to a discussion of the role of Church’s thesis in setting limits to the cognitive possibilities of mathematics. The specific aim is to analyse the formalized theory of arithmetic as a fundamental mathematical structure related to the theory of computation. By introducing notional non-standard computational abilities into this theory, a non-trivial enlargement of the set of theorems is obtained. The paper also indicates the connection between the inclusion of new functions through the development of axioms and the potential modification of inference rules. In addition, the paper provides an explanation of the role of inclusion of a certain interpretation of the meaning of the axioms of the theory in that theory
Filozoficzna droga kard. Mariana Jaworskiego: od metafizyki ogólnej do szczegółowej i stosowanej
No full textThe article is an attempt to present the philosophical achievements of Marian Jaworski in terms of the basic method and direction of his thoughts as well as the most important ideas. These ideas are particularly present in his last book, which constitutes the third volume of his work, in which the vast majority of his most recent articles are included. They are a testimony to the way he understood philosophy and the problems it raises. They are also the most persuading sign of the process of evolution that took place in his scientific life. It is evidenced by the existence of three, quite clearly outlined, phases in his philosophical research. Each one is distinct from another in terms of prevailing methodology used, and the philosophical questions which had been raised. The first phase of his philosophical investigations was connected with general metaphysics. The second one was related to the application of the ideas of special and applied metaphysics on the basis of the cognitive tools of general metaphysics in the main philosophical disciplines (philosophy of religion, philosophical anthropology and philosophy of God). The third one, however, was expressed in the application of the above mentioned met- aphysical ideas in more specialized philosophical disciplines, such as Christian philosophy (e.g. philosophy of prayer, philosophy of consecrated life), and in the philosophy of specifically human phenomena (philosophy of suffering, of humanism and of dialogue)
Postmodernistyczne boje z religią – próba zarysowania problemu
No full textIt is often said that in modern times we are dealing with a strong tendency to secularize all manifestations of personal and social life. And indeed, when it comes to the traditional understanding of religion, this is the case. Some even argue that religion is a naturally vanishing phenomenon, which means that there is no future for it (Dennett). However, many postmodern humanists have a different view. They argue, for example, that the present times are not so secularized (Habermas), and religion also plays an important role in the lives of individuals (Kristeva) and societies (Bauman), which should be used for the good of the emerging new culture. However, this understanding of the new religion stripped of its transcendental references is also questioning the durability and value of the new culture based on it
Źródła duchowości służebnicy Bożej Dorothy Day
No full textThe article presents the spirituality of Dorothy Day. It is a result of an analysis of her publications, that is books and articles in different magazines, above all “The Catholic Worker”. Dorothy Day is a Servant of God, whose Canonization Process gives hope that one day she can be presented to the entire Church as an example of lay spirituality. The author investigates and presents an analysis of the sources of spiritual concepts in the shape of people and publications which had the most influence on the candidate for the honor of sainthood. These sources, in a spiritual aspect, form the foundation of manifold schools of spirituality which Dorothy dealt with
Taming Eschatology: The Case of Silja Walter OSB
No full textThis paper examines the eschatological themes in the series of poems, The Dance of Obedience or the Straw Carpet, written by the Benedictine nun Silja Walter (1919–2011) — Sr. Hedwig OSB from the Swiss monastery of Fahr. This series of poems is particu- larly representative for the poet’s work as it combines her monastic experience with her personal poetic reading of the Bible in the spirit of lectio divina. These two sourc- es give the analyzed poetry a particular theological quality, originally combining spiritual and dogmatic elements. Having presented the biographical and monastic context of the set in question, the authors show the form, connections and dynamism of the eschatological themes present in the discussed poetry. In conclusion, referring generally to the entirety of Walter’s work, they show the anthropological value of her approach to eschatology, which, in accordance with the title of the article, can be defined as bringing eschatological themes closer to everyday existential experience. This effect is possible thanks to the original use of poetic language
The Catholic Church’s Responsibility in Creating a Safeguarding Culture
No full textThe safeguarding of minors and of vulnerable adult persons is an intrinsic aspect of the mission that the Lord has entrusted the Church and it is the responsibility of all the faithful to fulfil it, whatever capacity they hold in the Church. Unfortunately, it is not possible to eradicate child abuse entirely as it is a human reality, but much can be done by creating a culture of safe space and safe relationships within the Church and beyond. The Catholic Church, as the oldest and biggest institution in the world and with its religious and moral values, has a special responsibility in preventing any kind of abuse, in protecting the most vulnerable, and furthermore, in Safeguarding; in creating safe spaces and safe relationships. Listening to victims and survivors of abuse who have been harmed in the Church or outside, is key for being and acting in a responsible, accountable, and transparent way. This is the cornerstone for credibility and for promoting the faith.The safeguarding of minors and of vulnerable adult persons is an intrinsic aspect of the mission that the Lord has entrusted the Church and it is the responsibility of all the faithful to fulfil it, whatever capacity they hold in the Church. Unfortunately, it is not possible to eradicate child abuse entirely as it is a human reality, but much can be done by creating a culture of safe space and safe relationships within the Church and beyond. The Catholic Church, as the oldest and biggest institution in the world and with its religious and moral values, has a special responsibility in preventing any kind of abuse, in protecting the most vulnerable, and furthermore, in Safeguarding; in creating safe spaces and safe relationships. Listening to victims and survivors of abuse who have been harmed in the Church or outside, is key for being and acting in a responsible, accountable, and transparent way. This is the cornerstone for credibility and for promoting the faith