Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology
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RESIDUE LEVELS AND DISCHARGE LOADS OF ANTIBIOTICS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS (WWTPs), HOSPITAL LAGOONS, AND RIVERS WITHIN LAKE VICTORIA BASIN, KENYA
No full textThe detection of antibiotics in water systems\ud
has instigated great environmental concern due to the\ud
toxicological effects associated with these compounds.\ud
Their discharge into the environment results from the\ud
ubiquity of use in medical, veterinary, and agricultural\ud
practices. Some of the effects of antibiotics include\ud
development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, making it\ud
difficult to treat diseases, variation in natural microbial\ud
communities, and enzyme activities. In this study, the\ud
first comprehensive survey of some frequently used\ud
antibiotics namely ampicillin (AMP), amoxicillin\ud
(AMX), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), chloramphenicol\ud
(CAP), and ciprofloxacin (CPF) within Lake Victoria\ud
Basin of Kenya is presented. Sludge and wastewater\ud
samples were collected from wastewater treatment\ud
plants (WWTPs) and hospital lagoons within the study\ud
area. Samples were extracted and cleaned by solid-\ud
phase extraction, and analysis was carried out using\ud
high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All\ud
wastewater samples and sludge collected contained\ud
quantifiable levels of the selected antibiotics. The highest concentrations were recorded for AMP with\ud
WWTPs and hospitals having 0.36 ± 0.04 and\ud
0.79 ± 0.07 μg/L, respectively. In sludge samples,\ud
SMX recorded the highest concentrations of\ud
276 ± 12 ng/g. The high levels in sludge indicate the\ud
preferential partition of antibiotics onto solid phase,\ud
posing great danger to consumers of crops grown in\ud
biosolid-amended soils. The daily discharge loads of\ud
antibiotics from nine WWTPs ranged between 80.75\ud
and 3044.9 mg day −1 with a total discharge of\ud
6395.85 mg day −1 , signifying a high potential of water\ud
resource pollution within the region. This report will aid\ud
in the assessment of the risks posed by antibiotics re-\ud
leased into the environment
Factors influencing Recidivism among Child Offenders in Kirigiti and Wamumu Rehabilitation Schools in Kenya
No full textSocialization of Student Council Leaders for Conflict Management in Secondary schools within Kakamega County, Kenya
No full text
Degradation characteristics of metribuzin in soils within the Nzoia River Drainage Basin, Kenya
No full textDISASTER RISK AWARENESS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PREPAREDNESS FOR DROUGHT MANAGEMENT IN MANDERA COUNTY, KENYA
No full textDeterminants of Healthcare Workers Disaster Preparedness at Hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya
No full textInfluence of Phytosanitary standards on Informal Cross-Border Trade in Plant Materials between Kenya and Uganda
No full textNutritional Strategies of Blue Monkeys, Cercopithecus mitis, in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya-Msc Project
No full textNutritional Strategies of Blue Monkeys, Cercopithecus mitis, in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya-Msc Projec
