Blekinge Institute of Technology
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Total Factor Productivity– Its Decomposition and Determinants
No full textSyftet med föreliggande produktivitetsprojektet har varit att undersöka möjligheterna att studera produktivitet med hjälp av något mer moderna och kompletta metoder, jämfört med det som vanligtvis används. Arbetet presenteras i två rapporter där föreliggande rapport är del 2. Vår slutsats är att produktivitet låter sig mätas med moderna metoder varför studier som syftar till att mäta produktivitet mycket väl kan använda dessa metoder och index. Att använda partiella mått eller andra förenklingar kan få konsekvenser för de policyrekommendationer som riktas. The starting point for the entire productivity project has been investigating the possibilities of studying total factor productivity (TFP) by employing somewhat more modern and complete methods compared to what is usually used. The work is presented in two reports, of which the present report is the second part. Our conclusion is that productivity and productivity changes can be measured using modern methods, which is why studies aimed at measuring TFP can use these methods and indices. Using partial measures or other simplifications may have implications for the policy recommendations that are targeted.
Digital servitization business typologies in the manufacturing sector
No full textManufacturing companies undergo a transformative journey in digital servitization, necessitating strategic, tactical, and operational shifts. The existing literature outlines the best practices on this process and examines challenges and opportunities through qualitative empirical evidence. We enrich the investigation through a quantitative explanatory research approach, employing a survey targeting manufacturing companies from multiple countries. Analyzing the responses using cluster analysis, we found three business typologies with specific behaviors related to digital servitization: digital experimentalists, strategic pioneers, and digital servitization novices. This research contributes valuable insights into the varied behaviors adopted by manufacturing firms in navigating the digital servitization landscape
Slutrapport brottsförebyggande forskning : Projekt finansierade av donation från Länsförsäkringar Skåne 2020-24
No full textUnder våren 2019 initierades en diskussion mellan Stefan Sinteus vid polisen i Malmö, Susanne Bäsk som VD för Länsförsäkringar Skåne samt Manne Gerell från Malmö Universitet om hur LF Skåne skulle kunna stötta ett projekt med fokus på trygghet i samhället. Utgångspunkten var att det saknas mycket kunskap om vad av det polisen gör som fungerar, och att det fanns ett behov av att stötta polisen med utvecklingsprojekt och utvärderingar. Den diskussionen utmynnade i en donation på fem miljoner kronor för att Malmö Universitet under 2020-2024 skulle kunna genomföra studier om brottsförebyggande och trygghetsskapande arbete. Arbetet har genomförts i samarbete med framför allt polisområde Malmö, men även andra delar av polismyndigheten samt länsstyrelsen och kommuner. En ambition har varit att ha en tvärvetenskaplig ansats, och projektet har under hela tiden inkluderat datavetenskapliga forskare från Blekinge Tekniska högskola. Under delar av projektet har också epidemiologen Carolina Ellberg, nationalekonomen Niklas Jakobsson samt kriminologen Alberto Chrysoulakis deltagit i projektet. Tanken var från början att på ett snabbt och lättillgängligt sätt kunna bistå polis och andra aktörer med svar på frågor från deras verksamhet av typen ”får den här insatsen den effekt vi är ute efter”? För att möjliggöra det har möten hållits halvårsvis med representanter för polisen i Malmö där det diskuterats vilka frågor som är intressanta att titta närmare på. Utifrån den diskussionen samt forskarnas egna idéer har projekt initierats. Vissa projekt har genomförts på en termin medan andra projekt dragit ut över flera år. En del projekt som har varit tänkta att genomföras har bortfallit av olika anledningar. Totalt handlar det om 16 delprojekt som initierats vilka kort sammanfattas i denna rapport. Generellt kan det konstateras att tydliga positiva effekter i många av studierna ej kan identifieras. Det är svårt att förebygga brott. Samtidigt kan det dock konstateras att de flesta studierna identifierar olika positiva aspekter på de insatser som görs ändå, t ex bättre underrättelser, fler beslagtagna vapen eller förbättrad samverkan. Studierna kommer nedan att presenteras kronologiskt, förutom avseende de mer datavetenskapliga studierna som tas upp i slutet. Inledningen av 2020 gick till stor del åt till att rekrytera personal, skriva samverkansavtal och liknande, men en större studie hann också genomföras under vårterminen.
School Health Services’ Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Interorganizational Collaboration Regarding Students With Mental Illness : A Scoping Review
No full textSchool health services (SHSs) and school nurses play a crucial role in identifying and supporting students with mental illness. The integration of information and communication technology (ICT) can facilitate interorganizational collaboration in this context. Due to the limited research in this area, a scoping review was conducted to explore SHSs’ use of ICT in interorganization collaboration regarding students with mental illness. Six articles were reviewed, revealing three key themes: “types of ICT employed by SHSs in interorganizational collaboration,” “constellation of SHSs in interorganizational collaboration,” and “opportunities and challenges for SHSs using ICT in interorganizational collaboration.” Notably, two of the six articles highlighted the absence of school nurses in interorganizational collaboration. Even though ICT plays a crucial role in interorganizational collaboration, no comprehensive solution was found. This scoping review confirms that there are challenges with operability and regulations that govern the exchange of private information between organizations. © The Author(s) 2024
Uncertainty quantification for conical hole expansion test of DP800 sheet metal
No full textThe hole expansion ratio (HER) observed in a standardized hole expansion test (HET) is commonly used to determine the edge fracture of steel sheets. A large variation of the measured HER restricts the practical application of the method. This study presents a systematic investigation on uncertainties in the HER of DP800 sheet material, including the hole-edge quality, pre-strain due to the hole-punching process, the friction coefficient, and the determination of fracture. An artificial neural network was trained to develop a surrogate model using a database gained from a thousand finite element simulations of the HET. Monte-Carlo simulations were performed using the trained surrogate model to characterize the distribution of the HER. Sensitivity analysis via Sobol's indices is calculated to determine the influence of the input variables on the output. It is found that the pre-strain and pre-damage generated during the hole punching process in the shear-affected zone dominate the variation of the HER. Discussions on reducing the output's variation are detailed. In general, these findings provide valuable insights for the determination of HER as well as the edge crack behavior of the investigated DP800 steel sheet
Software Analytics for Supporting Practitioners in Bug Management
No full textContext: In large-scale software development, a large number of bug reports are submitted during software development and maintenance. Practitioners need the ability to analyze this abundant data to make data-driven decisions about bug management tasks. Objective: This thesis aims to utilize software analytics (SA) to support practitioners in bug management. The objectives of this thesis are (1) to identify and structure the knowledge on the use of SA for software engineering (SE) tasks and (2) to investigate and evaluate the practical application of SA to support practitioners in managing invalid bug reports (IBRs). Method: We conducted a tertiary review and systematic mapping study to achieve the first objective and comparative experiments and two industrial case studies to achieve the second objective. Throughout the thesis work, we relied on a technology transfer model to guide the research and facilitate the adoption of ML techniques for the early identification of IBRs at the case company. Results: We provide a comprehensive map of various SA applications for SE tasks and a decision matrix that can assist in selecting the most appropriate ML technique for bug report classification for a given context. Our results indicate that an ML technique can identify IBRs with acceptable accuracy at an early stage in practice. Furthermore, the results of an SA-based approach indicate that it can support practitioners in devising preventive measures for IBRs. Conclusion: Through industrial validations, this thesis provides evidence of the usefulness of SA in bug management, particularly in supporting practitioners in managing IBRs in large-scale software development
Quality attributes of test cases and test suites - importance & challenges from practitioners' perspectives
No full textThe quality of the test suites and the constituent test cases significantly impacts confidence in software testing. While research has identified several quality attributes of test cases and test suites, there is a need for a better understanding of their relative importance in practice. We investigate practitioners' perceptions regarding the relative importance of quality attributes of test cases and test suites and the challenges that they face in ensuring the perceived important quality attributes. To capture the practitioners' perceptions, we conducted an industrial survey using a questionnaire based on the quality attributes identified in an extensive literature review. We used a sampling strategy that leverages LinkedIn to draw a large and heterogeneous sample of professionals with experience in software testing. We collected 354 responses from practitioners with a wide range of experience (from less than one year to 42 years of experience). We found that the majority of practitioners rated Fault Detection, Usability, Maintainability, Reliability, and Coverage to be the most important quality attributes. Resource Efficiency, Reusability, and Simplicity received the most divergent opinions, which, according to our analysis, depend on the software-testing contexts. Also, we identified common challenges that apply to the important attributes, namely inadequate definition, lack of useful metrics, lack of an established review process, and lack of external support. The findings point out where practitioners actually need further support with respect to achieving high-quality test cases and test suites under different software testing contexts. Hence, the findings can serve as a guideline for academic researchers when looking for research directions on the topic. Furthermore, the findings can be used to encourage companies to provide more support to practitioners to achieve high-quality test cases and test suites
Integrating operators and enabling technologies in construction equipment to enhance lifecycle value and future-proof business models
No full textThis research investigates the application of enabling technologies within the construction equipment industry. The primary challenge addressed is enhancing customer value across the entire equipment lifecycle. Through iterative exploration, creation, and validation phases, the research developed and tested various prototypes to optimize sales processes, maintenance procedures, and equipment management. The findings highlight the potential of advanced data collection from operators for predictive maintenance, enhancing machine learning models by integrating human and machine data for more accurate predictions, reducing downtime, and boosting operational efficiency to align construction equipment maintenance with the demands of future business models.
Assessing and Visualising Sustainability Value of Product Concepts in Early Design Stage for Strategic Decision Making
No full textIntegrating sustainability into early product design stage is crucial for companies to navigate complexity effectively. Based on a long-term research collaboration with an aerospace product manufacturer, this paper introduces an improved prototype of the Sustainability Criteria and Product Life-Cycle Data Simulation digital decision-support tool for visualising and comparing the sustainability implications of product design concepts. Unlike existing tools, it allows quantitative comparisons in early design stages and is based on overarching socio-ecological sustainability principles and a backcasting perspective. A sustainability merit score for each product design concept is derived from selected indicators and sustainability criteria. The paper also reports on the results from a focus group evaluation study and discusses the value and challenges faced when developing this type of tool, including accuracy, data availability limitations, and the dilemma of indicator weighting.